WAVE MOTION to describe how wave is propagate

Wwave motion to describe waves

1. Wave motion Name: Pinky Hemrom Class:Bsc 2 nd sem

2. INTRODUCTION Wave motion is a type of disturbance that propagates through a medium, causing the particles of the medium to oscillate about their equilibrium positions. The medium itself does not travel with the wave; instead, the energy of the wave is transferred through the interactions between neighboring particles in the medium. Material waves, a common type of wave motion, can be periodic or exist for a limited time. They are started by outside forces that act on some of the particles in the medium, causing them to oscillate. The shape of a repeating material wave can vary, with harmonic or sinusoidal waves being one of the simplest types.

3. TRANSVERSE WAVE Transverse refers to a direction or orientation that is perpendicular or at a right angle to a given reference direction or plane. In the context of wave motion, a transverse wave is a wave where the displacement or oscillation of the medium's particles occurs in a direction perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. This is in contrast to longitudinal waves, where the oscillations occur in the direction of the wave

4. LONGITUDINAL WAVE A longitudinal wave is a type of wave in which the displacement of the particles in the medium through which the wave is traveling is in the same direction as the wave's propagation. This is in contrast to transverse waves, in which the displacement of the particles is perpendicular to the direction of the wave's propagation.

5. SURFACE WAVE A surface wave is a type of mechanical wave that propagates along the interface between differing media. A common example is gravity waves along the surface of liquids, such as ocean waves. Gravity waves can also occur within liquids, at the interface between two fluids with different densities. Elastic surface waves can travel along the surface of solids, such as Rayleigh or Love waves. Electromagnetic waves can also propagate as "surface waves" in that they can be guided along with a refractive index gradient or along an interface between two media having different dielectric constants. In radio transmission, a ground wave is a guided wave that propagates close to the surface of the Earth.

6. APPICATION OF WAVE MOTION Seismic Wave Propagation : Seismic waves are waves that propagate through the Earth's crust and mantle. These waves can be divided into two types: P-waves (primary waves) and S-waves (secondary waves). P-waves are compressional waves that cause particles to move parallel to the direction of wave propagation. S-waves are shear waves that cause particles to move perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Seismic waves can be recorded by seismometers and used to study the Earth's interior and detect earthquakes. Sound Wave Propagati on : Sound waves are mechanical waves that propagate through a medium, such as air or water. When a sound wave passes through a medium, the particles in the medium vibrate back and forth. The particles can be molecules in a gas, or the walls of a container filled with a liquid or solid. The speed at which sound waves travel depends on the properties of the medium, such as its density and elasticity. Sound waves can be recorded by microphones and used to study acoustics and the propagation of sound in various environments.

7. CONCLUSION Waves can be categorized in several ways, one of which is based on the direction of movement of the individual particles of the medium relative to the direction that the waves travel. This categorization leads to three main types of waves: transverse waves, longitudinal waves, and surface waves. Transverse waves are those in which particles of the medium move in a direction perpendicular to the direction that the wave moves. Longitudinal waves, on the other hand, are those in which particles of the medium move in a direction parallel to the direction that the wave moves. A sound wave traveling through air is a classic example of a longitudinal wave. Surface waves are a special type of wave that are neither longitudinal nor transverse. In surface waves, particles of the medium undergo a circular motion, and this motion tends to decrease as one proceeds further from the surface. Surface waves are common in oceans and are produced by earthquakes.