weather forcast-typhoonweather forcast-typhoon.ppt

weather forcast-typhoon

1. Typhoons

2. Air Pressure System
•High Pressure System
is a large body of circulating air with high
pressure at its center and lower pressure
outside of the system.
•Low Pressure System
is a large body of circulating air with low
pressure at its center and higher pressure
outside of the system.

3. Air Masses
are large bodies of air that
have uniform temperature,
humidity, and pressure.

4. Air Masses Classification
•Artic Air masses forming over Siberia and
artic
•Continental Polar Air Masses because
land cannot transfer as much moisture to
the air as oceans can, air masses that
forms over land are drier than air masses
that form over the oceans.
•Maritime Polar Air Masses forming over
the Northern Atlantic and pacific Oceans,
maritime polar air masses are cold and
humid.

5. •Continental Tropical Air Masses because they
form in the tropics over dry, desert land, and
continental tropical air masses are hot and
dry.
•Maritime Tropical Air Masses maritime
tropical air masses from over the western
Atlantic Ocean, the Gulf of Mexico, and the
eastern Pacific Ocean.

6. Air Masses

7. Fronts
is a boundary between two air masses.
Cold Fronts
When a colder air masses moves toward a
warmer air mass, a cold fronts forms. The cold
air, which is denser than the warm air, pushes
underneath the warm air masses.
Warm Fronts
A warm fronts form when less dense,
warmer air moves toward colder, denser air.
The warm air rises as it glides above the cold air
masses.

8. COLD FRONT

9. WARM
FRONT

10. Stationary
Sometimes an approaching front will stall
for several days with warm air on one side of
it and cold air on the other side.
Occluded
When a fast moving cold front catch up
with a slow-moving warm front.

11. STATIONARY FRONT

12. OCCLUDED FRONT

13. The PAR
Near, PAR,
wherever you
are. 

14. Philippine
Area of
Responsibility

15. Where
is the
PAR?
jpmartizano

16. Plotting the PAR
jpmartizano
Points LatitudeLongitude
a 5°N 115°E
b 15°N 115°E
c 21°N 120°E
d 25°N 120°E
e 25°N 135°E
f 5°N 135°E

17. jpmartizano

18. jpmartizano

23. jpmartizano

24. jpmartizano

25. jpmartizano
http://weather.unisys.com/hurricane/w_pacific/2011H/index.php

26. Understanding
Typhoons
Rain, rain go away….NOT!

30. What is a cyclone?
A Tropical Cyclone (known as “Bagyo” in
the Philippines) is the global generic
term for an intense circulating weather
system over tropical seas and oceans. It
is accompanied with very strong winds,
heavy rains & large ocean waves. Its
wind circulation rotates Counter-
clockwise in the Northern Hemisphere &
Clockwise in the Southern Hemisphere.

31. Northern
Hemisphere

34. What is a cyclone?

35. What is a cyclone?
Counterclockwise

37. Let’s dissect
the cyclone!

39. Parts of a Cyclone
•Eye
•Eyewall
•Rainbands

40. Parts of a Cyclone
Eye - lowest
air
pressure;
lowest wind
speed;

41. Parts of a Cyclone
Eyewall –
greatest
wind
speed;

42. Parts of a Cyclone
Rainbands –
bring rain
showers;
pressure
increases as it
goes farther
from the eye.

43. Air pressure in millibars
980 930 990 960
930 mb
960 mb980 mb
990 mb

44. Wind Speed in km/h
10 200
10 km/h 200 km/h

45. Storm Surge

46. Under what
conditions do tropical
cyclones form?

47. There are a couple of Ingredients that will
benefit for the formation of a Tropical
Cyclone here in the Philippine Sea and
Western Pacific Ocean. These are:

Warm Sea Surface Temperature (SST) of at
least 26.5°C with a depth of 150 feet & high
moisture/ humidity present in the
atmosphere. The heat from the sea is
therefore the main energy source for Tropical
Cyclones.

49. 
Presence of the Intertropical
Convergence Zone (ITCZ). The ITCZ plays
an important role in the formation of
Tropical Cyclones as it delivers
convergence of Northeasterly &
Southeasterly or Southwesterly Trade
winds. Its convergence will trigger a
rotation of low-level winds which then
develop into Tropical Cyclones - if other
ingredients are present .

50. •Existence of Tropical Disturbances (aka.
Low Pressure Areas or LPAs) within the
ITCZ. When the ITCZ is very active,
multiple tropical disturbances occur and
it aids for development of Tropical
Cyclones.
•Weak vertical wind shear or light winds
in the upper atmosphere. If wind speeds
in the upper atmosphere (20-50,000 feet
ASL) are low (<20 km/hr), a TC can
develop rapidly usually within 1 to 2
days.

53. Tropical Cyclone Categories
Category
Maximum Wind
Speed in kph
Tropical Depression 64
Tropical Storm 118

54. Category
Maximum Wind
Speed in kph
Tropical Depression 64
Tropical Storm 118
Typhoon 200
Supertyphoon Greater than 200
OMG END OF THE
WORLD!!!
1,000,000,000,000,00
0,000
Tropical Cyclone Categories

55. PAGASA bares 5 new Storm Categories
•tropical depression (TD)
with wind velocity of about 61 kph
•tropical storm (TS)
with wind velocity of 62 to 88 kph,
•severe tropical storm (STS)
with wind velocity of 89 to 117 kph,
•typhoon (TY)
with wind velocity of 118 to 220 kph
•super typhoon (STY)
with wind velocity of at least 220 kph

56. Are You Prepared?
http://gawker.com/5834445/how-to-prepare-for-a-hurri
cane

57. The typhoon has affected some
338,000 people across 13 provinces.
43,000 are seeking refuge in
evacuation centres.

On Friday 16 December Typhoon
Sendong (Washi) hit the southern
Philippines island of Mindanao,
causing flooding that killed nearly
1,000 people.
Typhoon Hits Philippines

60. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

61. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

62. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

63. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS

65. jpmartizano

66. jpmartizano

67. jpmartizano
http://weather.unisys.com/hurricane/w_pacific/2011H/index.php

68. Why do cyclones die
out when they reach
land?

69. Death & Dissipation of Tropical Cyclones
Tropical Cyclones die when:

They enter an environment of cool dry air and leave the
environment of warm, moist tropical air.

They move over a large land mass.

When they travel over cooler sea surface temperatures
(SSTs) or under unfavorable large scale circulation of
air currents at high levels in the earth’s atmosphere (eg.
strong vertical wind shear).

70. The typhoon has affected some
338,000 people across 13 provinces.
43,000 are seeking refuge in
evacuation centres.

On Friday 16 December Typhoon
Sendong (Washi) hit the southern
Philippines island of Mindanao,
causing flooding that killed nearly
1,000 people.
Typhoon Hits Philippines

74. EMERGENCY KIT

75. EMERGENCY KIT

76. EMERGENCY KIT

78. Useful Websites
For added info, YAY!

79. jpmartizano

80. jpmartizano
nasa.gov

81. jpmartizano
noaa.gov

82. jpmartizano
nhc.noaa.gov