web-and-cloud-server-platform-ICT--8.pdf

web-and-cloud-server-platform-ICT--8.pdfweb-and-cloud-server-platform-ICT--8.pdf

1. Web and Cloud
Server Platform

2. The Presenter:
▸SHARMINA L. BAKIL
▸FARSINI S. MACASALONG
▸MUJAIPA S. JAINUDDIN
▸SHEHAM INDANAN
▸FATIMA JARNIHA SURAID
2

3. Hello! I'm
Sharmina
Bakil
3

4. What is Web
Server
Let’s start with the first set of slides
1

5. Web Server
5
▸A web server is software and hardware that
usesHTTP(Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and
other protocols to respond toclientrequests
made over the World Wide Web. The main job
of a web server is to display website content
through storing, processing and delivering
webpages to users. Besides HTTP, web
servers also supportSMTP(Simple Mail
Transfer Protocol) and FTP (File Transfer
Protocol), used for email, file transfer and
storage.

6. Web Server
▸Web server hardware is connected to the
internet and allows data to be exchanged
with other connected devices, while web
server software controls how a user
accesses hosted files. The web server
process is an example of
theclient/servermodel. All computers
that host websites must have web server
software.
6

7. 7
How do web servers
work?
Web server software is accessed through
the domain names of websites and ensures
the delivery of the site's content to the
requesting user. The software side is also
comprised of several components, with at
least an HTTP server. The HTTP server is
able to understand HTTP andURLs.

8. 8
How do web servers
work?
As hardware, a web server is a computer that stores web server
software and other files related to a website, such
asHTMLdocuments, images andJavaScriptfiles.

9. 9

10. “
▸When someone wants to load a website, the
browser will look for the web server hosting the
site’s files.
▸To achieve this, the web browser translates the
site’s domain name into an IP address via
theDomain Name System (DNS). If the site is
frequently visited, the web browser will search
through its file cache.
10

11. “
▸After finding the corresponding web server, the
browser sends anHTTP requestto retrieve site
content.
▸The web server receives and processes the HTTP
request through itsHTTP server. Once the HTTP server
accepts the request, it will search through the
database to obtain the relevant data.
▸Finally, the server returns the files to the web browser
and delivers them to users.
11

12. “
▸When the HTTP server fails to find or process the
requested files, it will send anHTTP error status codeto
the browser.
▸The most common error message is a404 error, which
means the requested page is missing. Meanwhile, a403
errormay appear if there are permission issues.
▸Furthermore, if a web server fails to receive a timely
response from another server acting as a proxy or gateway,
a504 erroroccurs.
12

13. Static vs Dynamic Web Servers
13

14. Static vs Dynamic Web Servers
▸Staticweb servers comprise a computer and HTTP
software. Meanwhile, adynamicweb server
consists of a static web server plus extra software,
commonly an application server and databases.
14

15. Why Use a Web Server?
▸Web servers can handle multiple tasks, such as sending
and receiving emails, storing web applications, and
processing FTP requests. However, the primary use of a
web server is to host websites, making them functional
and interactive for users worldwide.
15

16. 16

17. Hello I’m
Farsini
Macasalong
17

18. Web Server
Features

19. Web Server Features
▸File logging. Log files track any events or activities a web
server performs, such as requests, security, and error logs.
Each time a web server receives a new request, a line of text is
added to the log.
▸Authentication. Many web servers offer this feature before
permitting partial or complete access to a website’s resources.
It often involves asking web users to provide a username and
password.
19

20. Web Server Features
▸Bandwidth limiting. A web server’s bandwidth is the
amount of data it can transfer or process at any given time.
Bandwidth limiting controls the speed of responses to
ensure that a network can deliver files smoothly.
▸Storage space. It refers to the amount of disk space
available to store files. The amount of storage space
directly impacts the server’s ability to host and manage
web pages and web applications.
20

21. Web Server Features
▸Load balancing. It is a technique employed by web servers to
distribute incoming traffic across multiple servers. The
purpose of load balancing is to minimize response times and
prevent server overload.
▸Uptime guarantee. Server uptime tracks how long a web
server remains operational to process requests and deliver
files. It directly impacts a hosted website’s availability. The
industry standardis a 99.9% guarantee.
21

22. Web Server Features
▸Programming language support.Also known as the
server-side scripting language, it’s used to develop and
run programs on the web server. A popular example
isPython, which is supported by Hostinger’sVPS
hosting.
22

23. TYPES OF WEB
SERVERS
23

24. Apache
▸Apache is the most popular web server on the
internet. It was created as an open-source
solution to replace the existing Unix web server,
called HTTP. What’s unique about Apache is that it
works with all major operating systems and is
compatible with a wide range of technologies.

25. Nginx
▸Nginx is an open-source web server solution growing in
popularity over the past few years. It’s almost as famous
as Apache, and some industry experts predict it will
eventually overtake it on the internet due to its better
performance and architecture. Nginx uses the
asynchronous event-driven model (instead of process-
based like Apache).
25

26. IIS
▸Microsoft’s IIS (Internet Information Services) web
server is the default choice forWindows servers.
It works with major operating systems and offers
better support for Microsoft technologies like ASP,
.NET, or SQL Server.
26

27. LiteSpeed Web
Server
▸LiteSpeed is a commercial-grade web server that
offers enterprise features like load balancing and
clustering. It claims to be both more secure and
faster than Apache.
27

28. Lighttpd
▸Lighttpd is a speedy and lightweight web
server. It’s simple to set up and works on most
systems, although it has limited support for
Linux commands. It doesn’t offer as many
options as Apache or Nginx, but thanks to its
impressive speed and low memory
requirements, it’s still used by some large sites
like Wikipedia.
28

29. Web Server Configuration
▸Settings configuration. Administrators adjust parameters like
cache size, request limits, and connection timeouts to align with
the hosted website’s specific requirements. By fine-tuning these
settings, the server can efficiently manage incoming requests
and quickly deliver content.
▸Security measures. To safeguard sensitive data and mitigate
potential threats, administrators implement robust security
measures. They include setting up firewalls, detection systems,
and encryption protocols. Regular security patches are also
crucial to keep hackers at bay.
29

30. Web Server Configuration
▸Performance optimization. Server configuration lets
administrators optimize resource allocation, implement
effective load balancing, and utilize caching mechanisms.
These measures enhance the server’s ability to handle
traffic spikes, resulting in reducedlatencyand faster
response times.
30

31. Hello! I'm
Sharmina
Bakil
31

32. Conclusion
▸A web server connects your website to the internet. It
consists of hardware and software, each playing a distinct
role in processing files.
▸The primary function of a web server is to host websites,
process HTTP requests, and deliver web content to users.
BesidesApache and NGINX, other web servers in the market
include Microsoft Internet Information Services and Lighttpd.
32

33. Conclusion
▸Different types of web servers can deliver dynamic content or
static content to a browser. A static website displays the same
content to everyone, while a dynamic website shows content
that’s unique to each user.
▸Purchasing a web hosting plan is necessary for any website
type. The web host will be responsible for maintaining the
server’s security and performance. This way, you’ll have more
time to focus on other matters, such as your business’s
marketing and day-to-day operation.
33

34. What Is a Web Server? FAQ
▸What’s the Difference Between a Web Server and an
Application Server?
▸What Are The Components of a Web Server?
▸How Do I Choose a Web Server?
▸What Are the Best Web Servers for Small Businesses?
34

35. Hello! I’m
Mujaipa S.
Jainuddin

36. WHAT IS CLOUD
SERVER
People often use the term “cloud” to
describe a group of servers
connected to the internet that can
be leased as part of a software or
application service.
Cloud-based services include hosting
websites, storing and sharing data,
and using software or apps.
36

37. “
▸‘The cloud’ can also refer to cloud computing,
which involves connecting several servers to share
the load.
▸It means complex processes can be distributed
across multiple smaller computers rather than a
single powerful machine.
37

38. ▸Cloud servers function by virtualizing
physicalservers so users can access them
remotely.
▸Cloud servers are createdbydividing
physicalservers intomultiplevirtual
serversusingvirtualizationsoftware(also known
asahypervisor).
38
How do cloud
servers work?

39. “
▸Physical server computing resources are then
used to create and power virtual servers, also
known as cloud servers.
▸Organizations can access these virtual servers
from any physical location via a working internet
connection.
39

40. “
▸Cloud servers are created and managed using cloud-
based APIs. Cloud service providers grant users
access to virtual servers in a public cloud computing
model.
▸Other resources or services for fees are usually set
up as a pay-as-you-go (PAYG) subscription model.
40

41. “
▸IaaS -refers to cloud deployment models that only include
traditional infrastructure elements such as virtual servers, storage,
and networking.
▸PaaS -offers customers a cloud computing environment with
software and hardware development tools powered by cloud
servers, storage, and networking.
▸In the SaaS model, the vendor provides a fully managed software
product to paying customers via the Cloud. SaaS applications rely on
cloud servers to compute resources.
41

42. A comparison between SaaS,
IaaS and PaaS.
42

43. “
▸Cloud Server vs. Traditional
Server:Comparison
43

44. Cloud Server vs. Traditional Server:
Comparison
▸Cloud servers act similarly to conventional servers since they
provide processing power, applications, and storage.However,
▸cloud servers are accessed remotely, typically more stable and
secure than traditional servers.
▸A traditional (dedicated) server is accessible only by a single
organization or entity. Although cloud servers perform the same
functions as physical servers,
▸they are hosted and delivered over a network as opposed to being
installed and managed on-site.
44

45. Types of Cloud
Servers

46. Public Cloud
Servers
▸The most widely used form of a cloud
server is a virtual machine (VM) or
compute “instance” that a public
cloud provider hosts on its
infrastructure and delivers tousers
over the internet via a web-based
interface.
46

47. Private Cloud?
▸A private cloud is a cloud computing
environment dedicated to a single
organization. Any cloud infrastructure has
underlying compute resources like CPU and
storage that you provision on demand
through a self-service portal. In a private
cloud, all resources are isolated and in the
control of one organization. So, the private
cloud is also called
theinternalorcorporatecloud.
47

48. Hybrid cloud
▸Hybrid cloud servers are a mix of public cloud and on-premises or
private infrastructure. Hybrid cloud offers the best performance,
flexibility, availability, and scalability. A hybrid cloud server enables
businesses to take advantage of the best of these two environments to
achieve optimal outcomes regarding compliance, availability, and
security. A typical configuration could involve an off-site public cloud
server combined with an in-house or third-party-hosted private cloud
server. An example of a hybrid cloud server isGcore’sVirtual Private
Cloud.
48

49. Dedicated cloud
servers.
▸In addition to virtual cloud servers, cloud
providers can supply physical cloud servers,
also known asbare-metal servers, which
essentially dedicate a cloud provider's physical
server to a user.
49

50. A comparison between private, hybrid and
public cloud computing delivery models.
50

51. Who Should Use Cloud Servers,
and Why?
▸The cloud computing delivery model is suitable for all types
and sizes of workloads. Since it allows deployment of
powerful virtual machines and bare metal servers without
the high upfront costs associated with an on-premises
system. The flexibility and affordability of cloud’s pay-as-
you-go pricing plans enable everyone—including those with
limited budgets—to deploy cloud servers that meet their
specific needs.
51

52. Hello! I’m
Sheham
Indanan

53. Key Features of Cloud
Servers
Cloud servers have the following key characteristics:
53

54. ▸Scalability:refers to the ability of cloud servers to easily scale up
or down in response to changing demand. Users can avoid the
costs associated with over-provisioning by paying for only the
resources they require.
▸Flexibility:Cloud servers are highly configurable and can be
tailored to specific needs. Users can create a server that meets
their needs by selecting from a variety of operating systems,
software applications, and configurations.
▸Cost-effectiveness:Cloud servers are typically less expensive
than traditional physical servers because they do not require
expensive hardware or maintenance. Users only pay for the
resources they use, which helps to reduce overall IT costs.

55. ▸Reliability:Cloud servers are built to be highly available and redundant,
ensuring that applications remain accessible even if hardware fails. Many
cloud service providers provide service level agreements (SLAs) that ensure
uptime and availability.
▸Security:Because advanced security features such as firewalls, intrusion
detection and prevention, and data encryption are available on cloud
servers, they are typically more secure than traditional physical servers. To
ensure the security of their infrastructure, cloud providers typically have
dedicated security teams and resources.
▸Accessibility:Cloud servers are accessible via the internet from anywhere in
the world, allowing users to work remotely and collaborate with team
members in different locations.
55

56. What Are the Benefits
of Cloud Servers?

57. Ease of use
▸An administrator can provision a cloud server and connect
other services to that server in a matter of minutes. With a
public cloud server, an organization does not need to worry
about server installation, maintenance or other tasks that
come with owning a physical server.
57

58. Globalization
▸Public cloud servers can globalize workloads. With a
traditional centralized data center, admins and users can
still access workloads globally, but networklatencyand
disruptions can reduce performance for geographically
distant users. By hosting duplicate instances of a workload
in different global regions, organizations can benefit from
faster and often more reliable network access.
58

59. Cost and flexibility
▸Public cloud servers follow aPAYG model.
Compared to a physical server and its maintenance
costs, this can save an organization money,
particularly for workloads that only need to run
temporarily or are used infrequently.
59

60. Acomparison between cloud servers and
physical on-premises servers
60

61. Hello! I’m
Fatima Jarniha
Suraid
61

62. Challenges of
cloud servers
62

63. Regulation and
governance.
▸Regulatory obligations and corporate governance
standards might prohibit organizations from using
cloud servers and storing data in certain geographic
locations --often outside of the organization's
geographic, political or regulatory boundaries.
63

64. Performance
▸Because cloud servers are typically multi-tenant environments,
and an admin has no direct control over those servers' physical
location, a VM can be adversely affected by excessive storage or
network demands of other cloud servers on the same hardware.
This is often referred to as the "noisy neighbor" issue. Dedicated
or bare-metal cloud servers can help an organization avoid this
problem
64

65. Outages and resilience
▸Cloud servers are subject to periodic and unpredictable service
outages, usually due to a fault within the provider's environment
or an unexpected network disruption. For this reason, and
because a user has no control over a cloud provider's
infrastructure, some organizations choose to keep mission-
critical workloads within their local data center rather than in the
public cloud.
65

66. Considerations
66

67. Virtual cloud servers
vs. physical servers.
▸Although virtual cloud servers can be convenient,
easy to manage and budget-friendly, their use is
indicated more for highly variable workloads than
data-intensive workloads. Generally, physical
servers are more customizable and powerful than
virtual servers.

68. Types of
virtualization
▸Though hypervisor-assisted virtualization is the
most common, there are othertypes of server
virtualization, such as hardware, hardware-assisted,
paravirtualizationand OS-level.
68

69. Security
▸Security remains a major concern for cloud
technology. Providers should leave no stone
unturned when it comes to ensuring they have
the right security options in place for protecting
their virtual servers. Major providers rely on
carefully refined security policies and multi-
layered monitoring and defenses to bolster
security.
69

70. Support
▸Assess the level of service provided by the cloud service provider.
Consider 24-hour support, multiple support channels, and quick
response times.
70
Compliance
▸Consider whether the cloud server satisfies any regulatory
compliance requirements that your company may have, such as
HIPAA or GDPR.
Integration
▸Determine how well the cloud server integrates with other tools
and systems used by your company, such as databases, APIs,
and third-party applications.

71. Best Cloud Servers
71

72. ▸Amazon Web Services (AWS):AWS is a popular cloud service
that provides various computing, storage, and databases. It is
well-known for its dependability, scalability, and flexibility,
making it an excellent choice for companies of all sizes. To
learn about AWS and its amazing ability to handle heavy
loads and explore its services, join ourAWSCertified
Solutions Architectcourse.
▸Microsoft Azure:Microsoft Azure is a cloud service that
provides various services such as computing, storage, and
analytics. It is well-known for its compatibility with Microsoft
products and services, as well as its flexibility and scalability.
72

73. ▸GCP:Google Cloud Platform is a cloud service that provides
various services such as computing, storage, and networking.
It is well-known for its performance and scalability, making it
an excellent choice for businesses that require high-
performance computing.
▸IBM Cloud:IBM Cloud is a cloud service that provides
computing, storage, and security services. It is well-known for
its advanced security features and a high degree of
customisation, making it an excellent choice for businesses
with complex security needs.
73

74. ▸DigitalOcean:DigitalOcean is a popular cloud server among
startups and developers. It provides various services such as
computing, storage, and networking and is known for its ease
of use, dependability, and affordability.
▸Vultr:Vultris a cloud server that provides computing, storage,
and networking services. It is well-known for its performance
and dependability, as well as its flexibility and scalability.
▸Linode:Linodeis a cloud server that provides computing,
storage, and networking services. It is popular among startups
and developers due to its simplicity and ease of use.
74

75. Hello! I'm
Sharmina
Bakil
75

76. Conclusion
▸Cloud servers have fundamentally altered the way in
which businesses function by providing solutions that
are adaptable, scalable, and reasonably priced for
storing, managing, and processing data. Cloud servers
allow organisationsto gain access to and make use of
computer resources whenever they need them
without requiring those businesses to make costly
investments in infrastructure or hardware.
76

77. Conclusion
▸Because of this, companies can quickly and
effectively scale up or down depending on their
requirements. In spite of the fact that there are some
drawbacks associated with using cloud servers, this
type of hosting provides various advantages. It has
emerged as an indispensable instrument for
companies of all sizes in the modern digital world.
77

78. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
▸What is meant by cloud server?
▸What is an example of a cloud server?
▸Which Cloud Server is Best?
▸How Do I Setup a Cloud Server?
78

79. 79
THANKS!
Any questions?

80. Reference
▸What is a Cloud Server? Definition, Types and How They
Work -TechTarget
https://www.techtarget.com/searchcloudcomputing/defini
tion/cloud-server
▸What Is a Cloud Server? | How Do Cloud Servers Work? -
Gcorehttps://gcore.com/learning/cloud-server/
80

81. Team Presentation
81
Sharmina BakilFarsini Macaslong Mujaipa Jainuddin
Sheham Indanan
Fatima Jarniha
Suraid