Week-1.1.-The-Paradigm-of-the-Old-1.ppsx

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1. Caraga state university
Ampayon, Butuan City 8600, Philippines
URL: www.carsu.edu.ph
The Paradigm of
the Old
Understanding the Self

2. Topic Outline
•The Sophist
•Plato
•Aristotle
•Epicurus
•The Stoics

3. The Sophist
The Sophist were educators of the
Greek era of antiquity.
They taught rhetoric, music, arithmetic
and physical training.

4. Protagoras
“Man is the measure of all
things”
“MAN”
HumankindThe Self

5. Thrasymachus
“In society justice is nothing
but the advantage of the
strong”
“Might is Right”

6. Plato
Humans are composed by a
body and a soul
“Human are souls imprisoned in
a body”
Body ≠ Soul
ImperfectPerfect

7. Allegory of the Charioteer
Charioteer is Reason
Black Horse is Appetite
White Horse is Passion

8. Allegory of the Charioteer
Reason should guide the
two horse.
To be successful, it also
means that the charioteer
is in harmony with the
horses.

9. Aristotle
Body = Soul
Everything in the world has a
body.
Body is our extension in the
world
But not all body have a soul

10. Aristotle
Not all souls are equals
Vegetative Souls
Growth, nutrition, and
reproduction

11. Aristotle
Sentient Soul
Movement
External Senses
Internal Senses
Memory, Imagination, and
Common Sense

12. Aristotle
Rational Soul
The ability to think, and
rationalize
The hierarchy of souls
Vegetative < Sentient < Rational

13. Epicurus
We focus in the NOW
Body
That feels Pain and Pleasure
“Pursue pleasure and avoid
pain”

14. Epicurus
We are not just slave of
Pleasure and Pain
MODERATION
Not all pleasures are Good
Not all pain are Bad

15. Epicurus
Too much pursuit of please
and too much fear of pain will
have its effects.
Moderation is the key.
Behind the struggles and
joys are stories yet to unfold.

16. Stoics
We do not control anything in
this world
What happens will happen
What we can control is what
we feel and how we see
things.

17. Stoics
Things will occur and it will
occur but what we feel
depends on us.
Are we going to cry, smile,
fight, or continue?
We can only control ourselves

18. Caraga state university
Ampayon, Butuan City 8600, Philippines
URL: www.carsu.edu.ph
The Paradigm of
the Old
Understanding the Self

19. References
•Copleston, F (1993). A History of Philosophy: Greece and
Rome (Vol. I). New York: Image Books.
•Plato. (n.d.). Gorgias.
•Plato. (n.d.). Phaedo.
•Plato. (n.d.). Timaeus.
•Stumpf. S.E. (2007). Socrates to Sartre and Beyond: A History
of Philosophy. New York: McGraw-Hill