Week_1-2_-_Pengantar_ORGNISASIARKOMPUTER.pptx

organisasi komputer

1. INTRODUCTION OF COMP. ARCH & ORG

2. Kontrak Kuliah Univ Sahid Surakarta ​ Tugas ​ UAS ​ UTS : 40% : 25% : 25 % Toleransi Keterlambatan : 10 menit - Punishment : Review Materi sebelumnya min 2 hal. Folio

3. RENCANA KEGIATAN PERKULIAHAN SEMESTER Univ Sahid Surakarta W Pokok Bahasan 1 Organisasi dan Arsitektur Komputer 2 Sistem Komputer 3 Instruction Set Architecture and Design 4 5 Computer Arithmetic 6 7 Review Materi 1- 6 8 Ujian Tengah Semester W Pokok Bahasan 9 Desain Unit Pemrosesan 10 11 Desain Sistem Memory 12 13 Desain dan Organisasi Input Output 14 15 Teknik Desain Pipelining 16 Ujian Akhir Semester

4. Reference Mustafa Abd-el- Bhar, Hesham El Rewini – Fundamentals of Computer Organization and Architecture 9 th Edition (2004) William Stallings – Computer Organization and Architecture Designing For Performance 9 th Edition (2013) Univ Sahid Surakarta

5. Introduction Univ Sahid Surakarta What is Computer ? An electronic device that can : accept data ( input ) , process the input to useful information ( process ) , according to a set of instructions , store the instructions and the results of processing ( storage ), and produce the information ( output ).

6. Architecture & Organization Univ Sahid Surakarta Architecture is those visible to the programmer instruction set, ​ number of bits used for data representation, ​ addressing techniques, ​ I/O mechanisms e.g : Is there a multiply instruction?

7. Architecture & Organization Univ Sahid Surakarta Organization is how features are implemented ​ Control signals, ​ interfaces, ​ memory technology. e.g : Is there a hardware multiply unit?

8. Structure & Function Univ Sahid Surakarta ​ Structure is the way in which components relate to each other Function is the operation of individual components as part of the structure

9. Structure – TOP LEVEL Computer Main Memory Input Output Systems Interconnection Peripherals Communication lines Central Processing Unit Univ Sahid Surakarta

10. Structure – TOP LEVEL Univ Sahid Surakarta a computer consists of four main structural components, which are: Central processing unit (CPU) – referred as processor, perform data processing and control the operation of the computer Main memory – stores data I/O – move data between the computer and its external environment System interconnection - provides communication among CPU, main memory and I/O

11. Structure – THE CPU Computer Arithmetic and Logic Unit Control Unit Internal CPU Interconnection Registers I/O Memory Univ Sahid Surakarta System CPU Bus CPU

12. Structure – THE CPU Univ Sahid Surakarta The CPU itself consists of several components such as: ​ registers – provides storage internal to the CPU ​ arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) – perform data processing function control unit – control the operation of CPU ​ internal CPU interconnection – provides communication among ALU, registers and control unit

13. Function Univ Sahid Surakarta Data processing Data storage (long term data storage function and short term data storage function) Data movement (movement between computer and peripheral known as input / output (I/O), movement over longer distances known as data communication ) Control

14. Functional View Univ Sahid Surakarta

15. Data Movement Transferring data from one peripheral Or communication line to another Univ Sahid Surakarta

16. Data Storage Data transferred from the external environment to computer storage (read) or vice versa (write) Univ Sahid Surakarta

17. Processing From/To Storage Univ Sahid Surakarta

18. Processing From Storage to I/O Univ Sahid Surakarta

19. Traditional - Calculate Tool Abacus (Cina) Abacus (Roman) Univ Sahid Surakarta

20. Traditional - Calculate Tool ​ Abacus (Japan) Abacus (Russian) Univ Sahid Surakarta

21. Traditional - Calculate Tool ​ Abacus (School) ​ Abacus Binary Univ Sahid Surakarta

22. History & Computer Evolution First Generation Second Generation Third Generation Fourth Generation Fifth Generation Univ Sahid Surakarta

23. First Generation Univ Sahid Surakarta

24. First Generation ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator And Computer) John Mauchly and John Eckert , proposed to build a general purpose computer using Vacuum Tubes Started 1943 and finished 1946 Used until 1955 Univ Sahid Surakarta

25. First Generation Univ Sahid Surakarta ​ ENIAC – detail Decimal 20 accumulator of digits Program manually by switches 18,000 vacuum tubes 30 tons 15,000 square feet 140 kW power consumption 5000 additions per second

26. First Generation Von Neumann / Alan Turing Princeton Institute for Advance Studies (IAS) Store program concept Main memory Arithmetic Logic Unit Control Unit Input / Output equipment Completed in 1952 Univ Sahid Surakarta

27. First Generation Univ Sahid Surakarta Store Program Concept

28. Architecture of Von Neumann Univ Sahid Surakarta Computer designs are based on John Von Neumann ​ Data and instruction are stored in a single read memory Execution occurs in a sequential fashion from one instruction to the next

29. Structure of The IAS Computer Univ Sahid Surakarta

30. Structure of The IAS Computer Univ Sahid Surakarta ​ Main memory storing program and data ALU operating on binary data Control Unit interpreting instructions from memory and executing I/O equipment operated by Control Unit

31. Second Generation Transistor Replaced vacuum tubes Smaller Cheaper Less heat dissipation Solid state device Invented 1947 at Bell Labs Univ Sahid Surakarta

32. Second Generation 1947 Eckert – Mauchly Computer Corporation UNIVAC (Universal Automatic Computer) US Bureau of Census 1950 calculation Ex ; IBM 701 IBM 702 Univ Sahid Surakarta

33. Second Generation IBM 701 Univ Sahid Surakarta

34. Second Generation IBM 702 Univ Sahid Surakarta

35. Third Generation Small scale integration circuits (100 transistor on chips) ​ Integrated Circuit ​ Bus structure ​ Ex : IBM 360 DEC PDP - 8 Univ Sahid Surakarta

36. Fourth Generation Microprocessor Small Portable Reliable GUI Ex : - DEC VAX Univ Sahid Surakarta

37. Fourth Generation DEC VAX Univ Sahid Surakarta

38. Fifth Generation Artificial Intelligence (Present - …) Characteristic : Mega chips Parallel processing Artificial Intelligence Univ Sahid Surakarta

39. Fifth Generation Univ Sahid Surakarta

40. The Evolution Of Computer Univ Sahid Surakarta History First Generation Using vacuum tube technology Produce more heat Easy to break down Difficult to identify the problem whenever the computer becomes malfunction Expensive Data Processing not accurate Second Generation Using transistor Small size Low power usage More efficient Easy to use Cheapest Assembly Language

41. The Evolution Of Computer Univ Sahid Surakarta History Third Generation Using Integrated Circuit Start implement multiprogramming concept and time sharing Small size Low power usage More efficient BASIC, PASCAL Fourth Generation Using Microprocessor Using LSI technology (Large Scale Integration) Main memory becomes more efficient, faster, and large Fifth Generation More sophisticated Cheapest Faster have ability to see, listen, talk, think like human Have AI

42. Univ Sahid Surakarta