Week 2_0818361212121221333332344444 2343

Week 2

1. Cell Structure
& Function
http://koning.ecsu.ctstateu.edu/cell/cell.html

2. Learning Objective:
•Evaluate how the structural differences
between plant, animal, and prokaryotic
cells contribute to their specialized
functions, and develop a research-based
presentation that compares their
adaptability to diverse environmental
conditions.

3. Success Criteria
•evaluate the structural differences in plant,
animal, and prokaryotic cells.
•synthesize information from multiple sources to
explain the role of key organelles in maintaining
cellular homeostasis.
•design and deliver a clear and compelling
research-based presentation that compares the
adaptability of different cell types in various
environmental conditions.

4. Cell Theory
•All living things are made up of cells.
•Cells are the smallest working units of all
living things.
•All cells come from preexisting cells
through cell division.

5. 1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9

7. Definition of Cell
A cell is the smallest unit
that is capable of performing
life functions.

12. Examples of Cells
Amoeba Proteus
Plant Stem
Red Blood Cell
Nerve Cell
Bacteria

13. 2 Types of Cells?
•???????
•???????

14. Two Types of Cells
•Prokaryotic
•Eukaryotic

15. Prokaryotic
•Do not have
structures
surrounded by
membranes
•Few internal
structures
•One-celled
organisms,
Bacteria
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/prokaryotic_cells.html

17. Eukaryotic
•Contain organelles surrounded by membranes
•Most living organisms
Plant Animal
http://library.thinkquest.org/C004535/eukaryotic_cells.html

18. “Typical” Animal Cell
http://web.jjay.cuny.edu/~acarpi/NSC/images/cell.gif

19. http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/plant3.gif
“Typical” Plant Cell

20. Cell Parts
Organelles

23. Surrounding the Cell

24. Cell Membrane
•Outer membrane of cell
that controls movement
in and out of the cell
•Double layer
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

25. Cell Wall
•Most commonly found
in plant cells &
bacteria
•Supports & protects
cells
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

26. Inside the Cell

27. Nucleus
•Directs cell activities
•Separated from cytoplasm by nuclear
membrane
•Contains genetic material - DNA

28. Nuclear Membrane
•Surrounds nucleus
•Made of two layers
•Openings allow
material to enter and
leave nucleus
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

29. Chromosomes
•In nucleus
•Made of DNA
•Contain instructions
for traits &
characteristics
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

30. Nucleolus
•Inside nucleus
•Contains RNA to build
proteins
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

31. Cytoplasm
•Gel-like mixture
•Surrounded by cell membrane
•Contains hereditary material

32. Endoplasmic Reticulum
•Moves materials around
in cell
•Smooth type: lacks
ribosomes
•Rough type (pictured):
ribosomes embedded in
surface
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

33. Ribosomes
•Each cell contains
thousands
•Make proteins
•Found on ribosomes
& floating throughout
the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

34. Mitochondria
•Produces energy through
chemical reactions –
breaking down fats &
carbohydrates
•Controls level of water and
other materials in cell
•Recycles and decomposes
proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

35. Golgi Bodies
•Protein 'packaging
plant'
•Move materials within
the cell
•Move materials out of
the cell
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

36. Lysosome
•Digestive 'plant' for
proteins, fats, and
carbohydrates
•Transports undigested
material to cell
membrane for removal
•Cell breaks down if
lysosome explodes
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

37. Vacuoles
•Membrane-bound
sacs for storage,
digestion, and waste
removal
•Contains water
solution
•Help plants maintain
shape
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html

38. Chloroplast
•Usually found in plant
cells
•Contains green
chlorophyll
•Where
photosynthesis takes
place
http://library.thinkquest.org/12413/structures.html