Week No. 2-Comprehensive_ICT_Overview_and_Applications.pdf

This is the content relevant to ICT

1. ICT Overview and
Applications
Comprehensive guide to ICT Skills,
Infrastructure, and Digital
Transformation

2. ICT Skills and
Job
Opportunities
• Core ICT Skills: Networking, Programming, Data
Management, Cybersecurity
• Emerging Skills: Cloud Computing, AI/ML, IoT,
Blockchain, Data Analytics
• Soft Skills: Communication, Teamwork, Problem-
solving, Adaptability
• Job Roles: IT Support Technician, Network
Engineer, Software Developer, Data Analyst,
Cybersecurity Specialist
• Example: A data analyst uses Python and Excel to
interpret sales data and support business decisions.

3. ICT & Digital Transformation
• ICT drives digital transformation in organizations
through automation and connectivity.
• Key Areas: e-Government, e-Commerce, Smart
Cities, Digital Education
• Example: A hospital uses cloud-based systems for
patient records and telemedicine services.

4. The Importance of Cybersecurity
• Protects networks,
devices, and data from
unauthorized access or
attacks.
• Common Threats:
Phishing, Malware,
Ransomware, Data
Breaches
• Security Practices:
Strong passwords,
Firewalls, Encryption,
Regular Updates
• Example: Implementing
multi-factor
authentication (MFA) to
secure employee accounts.

5. Compliance and ICT
• ICT compliance ensures technology use follows laws, regulations, and
company policies.
• Standards: GDPR (Europe), ISO 27001, HIPAA (Healthcare), PCI DSS
(Finance)
• Benefits: Data protection, risk reduction, and customer trust.
• Example: An e-commerce business follows GDPR for handling customer
personal data.
General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)European Union (EU)
lawcollecting, processing, and protecting personal data

6. Future of ICT:
Opportunities and
Challenges
• Opportunities: AI-driven
automation, Quantum
Computing, Global Connectivity
• Challenges: Data privacy,
Ethical AI use, Cyber threats,
Digital divide
• Example: Smart homes using
IoT devices improve convenience
but raise privacy concerns.

7. ICT Infrastructure
and Systems
• Core Components: Hardware,
Software, Networks, and Data
Centers
• Infrastructure supports
communication, data storage, and
information exchange.
• Example: A company’s ICT
infrastructure includes servers,
routers, and cloud storage.

8. Information Technology: Hardware,
Software, Data Management
• Hardware: Physical devices (computers, servers,
routers, storage drives)
• Software: Operating systems, applications, utilities
• Data Management: Organizing and securing digital
information
• Example: SQL databases manage customer data for e-
commerce websites.

9. Telecommunications
Technologies
• Wired: Ethernet, Fiber optics —
used in office networks
• Wireless: Wi-Fi, 4G/5G —
supports mobility and IoT
• VoIP: Voice over Internet
Protocol — enables internet-based
calling (e.g., Skype, Zoom)
• Unified Communication:
Combines voice, video, chat, and
email into one platform
• Example: Microsoft Teams
integrates chat, video calls, and file
sharing.

10. ICT Services: Internet and Cloud
Computing
• Internet provides global communication and data
access.
• Cloud Computing enables on-demand storage and
computing services (AWS, Azure, Google Cloud)
• Example: Businesses use Google Cloud for data
backup and collaboration.

11. ICT Services: Social Networking,
AI/ML, and IoT
• Social Networking:
Connects users globally
(Facebook, LinkedIn, X)
• AI & ML: Automates
analysis and predictions
(chatbots,
recommendation systems)
• IoT: Devices connected
to collect and share data
(smart home devices,
wearables)
• Example: Smartwatches
track health data and sync
with mobile apps.

12. Applications of ICT
• Business: ERP systems, CRM tools, digital marketing
• Education: e-Learning platforms, digital classrooms
• Healthcare: Electronic health records, telemedicine
• Governance: e-Government services for transparency
• Example: Online learning tools like Google Classroom enhance
education delivery.

13. MS Office
and Cloud-
Based
Applications
• MS Office Suite:
Word, Excel,
PowerPoint,
Outlook —
installed locally
• Cloud-Based
Apps: Microsoft
365, Google
Workspace —
accessible online
• Advantages:
Real-time
collaboration,
auto-saving, and
remote access
• Example: Teams
collaborate on
Google Docs in
real-time from
different locations.

14. Comparison:
MS Office vs
Google
Workspace
• MS Office: Installed software
with powerful desktop features
• Google Workspace: Web-based,
cloud storage, collaboration-
friendly
• MS Office better for offline use;
Google Workspace ideal for
teamwork and mobility
• Example: A project team uses
Google Sheets for live budgeting
updates.

15. Computer System
Logins
• System logins authenticate users
and secure access.
• Authentication methods:
Passwords, PINs, Biometric
(fingerprint, face ID)
• Single Sign-On (SSO): Allows
access to multiple apps with one
login
• Example: Employees access email,
CRM, and cloud apps using their
corporate credentials.

16. Summary and Key
Takeaways
• ICT enables communication,
automation, and innovation across
all sectors.
• Skills in cybersecurity, cloud
computing, and data analysis are
increasingly vital.
• ICT’s future depends on balancing
technology growth with ethical and
security considerations.
• Continuous learning and
adaptation are key for success in the
digital era.