Welding Safety. Welding and Cutting safety

ьрп

1. Doris Kemp
BCT 480

2. W
elding joins two pieces of metal by the use of
heat and/or pressure
B
razing or soldering involves a filler metal which
has a lower melting point than the metal pieces
to be joined
M
etal cutting is done by heating the metal with a
flame and directing a stream of pure oxygen
along the line to be cut

3. A
rc Welding
S
hielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)
M
etal Inert Gas (MIG)
T
ungsten Inert Gas (TIG)
P
laza Arc Welding (PAW)
S
ubmerged Arc Welding (SAW)
A
nd Many More…..more than 80 in all

4. G
enerally, gases and fumes come from…
Base material & filler material
Coatings & paints
Shielding gases & chemical reactions
Process & consumables used
Contaminants in the air

5. W
elding “Smoke” is a mixture of very fine particles
called fumes and gases
W
elding “Smoke” contains fumes and gases including…
Chromium, nickel, arsenic, asbestos, manganese, silica,
beryllium, cadmium, nitrogen oxides, phosgene, acrolein,
fluorine compounds, carbon monoxide, cobalt, copper,
lead, ozone, selenium, and zinc
cancer causing agents include: cadmium, nickel,
beryllium, chromium, and arsenic

6. E
xposure to welding “smoke” may have…
S
hort-term effects
Effects happen at or very soon after exposure
L
ong-term effects
Effects may happen after repeated overexposures or an
extended time after the exposure

7. W
elding “smoke” can :
irritate the eyes, nose, chest and respiratory tract
 cause coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath,
bronchitis, pulmonary edema, and pneumonitis
cause nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, cramps, and
slow digestion

8. S
tudies of have shown that welders have an
increased risk of lung cancer and, possibly,
cancer of the larynx and urinary tract
W
elders may experience a variety of chronic
respiratory problems, including:
Bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, emphysema,
pneumoconiosis, decreased lung capacity, silicosis, and
siderosis

9. O
ther health problems include:
Heart disease
skin diseases
hearing loss
chronic gastritis
ulcers of the stomach and small intestine
 other reproductive risks

10. H
eat exposure
Heat stress,
heat stroke
Skin burns and skin cancer

Noise
Can result in stress, increased blood pressure, may
contribute to heart disease, tiredness, nervousness, and
irritability

11. E
ye damage- More than 5% of all eye injuries in
the construction industry are associated with
welding, cutting, and brazing
damage to retina
damage to cornea, resulting in cataracts
permanent eye damage
I
nvisible UV light can cause “arc eye” or “welders’
flash”
May include sandy or gritty eye, blurred vision, intense
pain, tearing, burning and headache

12. W
elding booths should be painted with dull
finishes so they don’t reflect UV light
A
coustic shields between the worker and noise
sources can reduce exposures
N
oisy machinery can be totally enclosed

13. U
se cadmium-free silver solders
U
se asbestos- free electrodes, gloves, and hot
pads
U
se work area barriers to protect others working
in the same general area

14. C
onstruction personnel that is welding should be
properly trained and qualified
I
nspect work area for fire hazards before welding
M
ake provisions for ventilation before welding
C
ompressed gas cylinders should always be secured
in an upright position when not in use and handled
with extreme care

15. G
as cylinders should be stored at least 20 feet
away from flammable materials and heat
sources
O
xygen cylinders should be stored at least 20 feet
away from gas cylinders and combustible
materials.
When not possible, use a 5 ft tall noncombustible barrier
with a 30 min. fire-resistance rating or better

16. A
ll combustible materials should be removed from
welding area or covered with noncombustible
material, prior to welding
If covered, a worker that has experience using a fire
extinguisher should be posted near as fire watch
W
orkers should stand to the rear or side of regulators
when opening valves on tanks
P
roper PPE should be worn, even by workers not
welding

17. D
on’t weld on painted surfaces
U
se water table to reduce noise
P
roperly maintain equipment
P
roper housekeeping
U
se lowest possible amperage
H
old electrode perpendicular and close to work surface
N
ever weld or cut within 200 feet of degreasing equipment or
solvents

18. P
PE must be used in conjunction with
engineering controls and safe work practices
Use of one does not eliminate the need for the other
E
ye protection should be used in all welding
operations
Wear face shields or helmets and goggles or safety
glasses
U
se appropriate filters on eye protection

19. F
ire resistant gauntlet gloves
H
ead cap
H
igh top hard toed shoes
L
eather apron
F
ace shield
F
lame retardant clothing
S
afety Glasses
S
afety helmet
H
earing plugs and/or muffs

20. E
ven though welding generally uses low voltage, there
is still a danger of electric shock
W
et work areas, cramped work spaces
F
alls, fractures and other accidents can result from
electrical exposure
E
ven small shock can cause brain damage
D
eath can occur from large shocks

21. A
lways use dry gloves
A
lways wear rubber soled shoes
A
lways use insulating layers
P
rotect yourself from surfaces that conduct electricity
W
hen working on electrically powered machinery, make sure the
frame is grounded
K
eep insulation on all welding equipment and components
dry and in good condition
D
on’t change electrodes with bare hands, wet gloves or
while standing on wet or ungrounded surfaces

22. N
ever weld or cut on containers that have held a
flammable or combustible material unless the container
is thoroughly cleaned or filled with an inert gas
A
fire inspection should be performed prior to leaving a
work area and for at least 30 minutes after the
operation is completed
F
ire extinguishers should be nearby, of proper size, type
and number for the hazards involved

23. A
ll machines in the area with moving parts must
be guarded to prevent worker’s contact
e.g. hair, clothing, fingers
W
hen repairing machinery by brazing and
welding, power must be disconnected, locked
out, and tagged so the machinery cannot be
started up accidentally

24. K
eep work areas clear of equipment, machines,
cables, and hoses
A
lways properly maintain and use handrails
A
lways use and maintain safety lines, harnesses
and lanyards
A
lways make sure that scaffolds are properly
assembled and used

25. A
work area with limited access, little or no airflow,
not intended for continuous occupation
May also have dangerous atmospheres, hazardous
configurations, or other hazards
A
ll employees working in or around confined space
must be trained
A
dequate ventilation must hold fumes and smoke to
levels within the safe breathing range set forth
in 29 CFR 1926 subpart D

26. N
o worker should work in an area with less than
19.5% or more than 23.5% oxygen content
U
se continuous mechanical ventilation and proper
respiratory protection
W
hen adequate ventilation cannot be achieved,
workers must be provided with air supplying
respirators as described in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart E

27. A
lways leave gas cylinders and welding power
sources outside the confined space…
O
nly take hoses or welding leads into confined space
and remove when leaving for breaks, shift or crew
changes
A
ll pipes, ducts, and power lines that are not
necessary for the work should be
disconnected/locked out/tagged out

28. W
hen transporting and handling, valve cap should be securely in place
C
ylinders should never be lifted by valve cap
C
ylinder valve should be closed when cylinder is empty, being moved
or not in use
C
ylinders should be secured to a pallet, cradle, or sling board for
hoisting
C
ylinders should not be dropped, bumped, struck or receive any other
huge impact
C
ylinders should be thawed with warm water when frozen in place

29. F
uel, gas and oxygen hoses must be easily and clearly
distinguishable.
Oxygen and gas hoses must not be interchangeable
W
hen oxygen and fuel hoses are taped, no more than 4 inches
per foot of hose may be taped
G
as and oxygen hoses must be inspected before every shift and
removed if defects are found.
T
orches should be inspected before each shift to detect leaks
Tip openings should be kept clean and unclogged
T
orches should be lighted by friction lighters

30. O
nly use manual electrode holders designed specifically for arc welding
A
ll current-carrying parts should be properly insulated for maximum
voltage encountered
C
ables must be properly insulated, flexible and able to handle
maximum current required
A
ll equipment and cables should be inspected before each shift and
should be removed if any defects are found
O
perations should be shielded appropriately as to protect other
workers in the area

31. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Subject to damage
from other activities in
the vicinity
Cylinder laying
in a horizontal
position.
Electrical cord in
Contact with the
cylinder

32. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinders are not protected from falling. Note
that the Chain is not secured across.
Chain

33. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Cylinder not secured 2. Cylinder should be stored
3. Subject to damage. 4. Electrical cord draped over.
Electrical
Cord

34. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Small cylinder not tied off
2. Combustibles stored with cylinders
3. Bad housekeeping
4. Acetylene and Oxygen stored
too close together and no chain.

35. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Cylinder with no valve or cap installed2. Laying horizontal on the ground
3. Subject to damage

36. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinder is damaged. Should be taken out of service immediately!
Electrical arc
damage

37. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinder should be in storage protected from damage and not
laying on the ground regardless if it is full or empty

38. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Old, corroded cylinder that should have been disposed
of a long time ago.

39. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Cylinders laying on the ground and improperly stored
2. Subject to damage from forklift operation in vicinity
Forklift

40. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Feed line exposed to damage/leak that could cause a fire/explosion
2. Tripping Hazard

41. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
1. Inadequate housekeeping
2. Valve caps should be installed.

42. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Acetylene
Cylinder
1.Unsecured acetylene cylinder 2. Exposed to damage

43. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Unsecured cylinders

44. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Regulator left pressurized after useRegulator left pressurized after use

45. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Improper StorageImproper Storage

46. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Tie Off?Tie Off?

47. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Improper storage of Improper storage of
cylinders- acetylene and cylinders- acetylene and
oxygen stored next to each oxygen stored next to each
otherother

48. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Evidence of smoking next to acetylene Evidence of smoking next to acetylene
cylinderscylinders

49. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
This cylinder should be
taken to storage and
housekeeping should be
improved.

50. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Unsecured
cylinder

51. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Unsecured Cylinder

52. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cooking equipment
within 20 ft
of containers

53. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Tied
Not Tied

54. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
oxy-acetylene torch connected
To bottles without the torch
connected.

55. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
No cap installed
Not in use.
Should be
Stored.
Housekeeping

56. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinder not in use
with regulators still
On the cylinder
Free standing
cylinder

57. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Free standing
cylinder

58. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Free standing cylinders
Chain

59. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinder
tied only
With a bungee
cord

60. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinders not
Secured properly

61. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Free standing
cylinders
Exposed to damage
From construction
Activities in area

62. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Free standing
cylinders

63. Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety
Cylinder laying on its sideCylinder laying on its side

64. C
oll, R. (2002, October 17). Compressed Gas Cylinder Training Slides.
Retrieved September 10, 2009 from , Web site:
    http://siri.uvm.edu/ppt/cgcsafety/sld001.htm
G
oetsch, D. (2010). Construction safety and the OSHA standards.
    Boston: Pearson.
S
averio (2003). Welding Safety. Retrieved September 10, 2009
    from , Web site:
    http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Saverio-42953-
Welding-Safety-2003-Health-Hazards-HazardsGases-Fumes-
Short-term-Entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/