WESTERN VS EASTERN

WESTERN VS EASTERN

1. WESTERN VS. EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
Compiled by DrAS
SUDARIO,2020

2. WESTERN PHILOSOPHY
•refers to philosophical thinking in theWestern or
Occidentalworld, (beginning with Ancient Greece and
Rome, extending through central and western Europe
and, since Columbus, the Americas)
•as opposed toEastern or Orientalphilosophies
(comprising Indian, Chinese, Persian, Japanese and
Korean philosophies) and the varieties ofindigenous
philosophies.
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3. •Over the centuries, Western Philosophy has
stronglyinfluencedand been influenced by Westernreligion,
science, mathematics and politics. Indeed, in ancient times, the
word "philosophy" was used to mean ALL intellectual endeavors,
and, as late as the 17th Century, the natural sciences (physics,
astronomy, biology) were still referred to as branches of"natural
philosophy".
•It has also influenced (and in turn been influenced by) the
teachings of theAbrahamic religions(Jewish philosophy,
Christian philosophy, and Islamic philosophy).
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4. EASTERN PHILOSOPHY
•Eastern Philosophy refers very broadly to the various philosophies of Asia. Notable among these are:
•Indian Philosophy, Chinese Philosophy, Korean Philosophy, Japanese Philosophy
•The term sometimes also includes Middle Eastern traditions of philosophical thought, including:
•Persian Philosophy, Arabic Philosophy, Babylonian Philosophy, Jewish Philosophy
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5. HINDUISM
•• It a religious culture around 1500-2000B.C
•• Their literature is Vedas,the bodies ofknowledge.
•• Hold the universe to be all one,Brahman.
•• Everything has same soul in all livingbeing.
•• The purpose of life is to findenlightenment
•• The cycle of birth and death goeson
•• Karma-chain of causes. All of our actions will eventually haveconsequences
•• Desire is the root of allevil.
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6. BUDDHISM
• A philosophical tradition, founded by Gautama Siddhartha Buddha in the
5
th centuryB.C
• Buddhism attempts to conquer the suffering through the elimination of
desire and egoand attainment of the state ofnirvana.
• Nirvana-permanent liberation from life, become one with theuniverse.
• Four NobleTruths
(1) suffering
(2) causes
(3) elimination
(4) enlightenedliving
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7. BUDDHISM
••Siddhartha Buddha (563-483)a philosophical tradition, founded by Gautama.
••Buddha means enlightened one i-e rationalbeing.
••His ideas are based on reasons notrevealed.
••Truth are available for all with reasons.
••Buddhism attempts to conquerthesuffering throughthe elimination of desire and ego and
attainment of the state ofnirvana.
••Nirvana-permanent end of life,become one with the universe.
••4 Noble Truthsare
•(1)suffering(2)causes(3)elimination(4)enlighten
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8. FOUR NOBLETRUTHS
1)Sorrow is the universal experience ofmankind.
2)The cause of sorrow is desire, and the cycle of rebirths is perpetuated
by desire forexistence.
3)The removal of sorrow can only come from the removal ofdesire.
4)Thedesirecanbesystematicallyabandoned by
following the Noble EightfoldPath
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9. NIRVANA
• Nirvana-permanent liberation fromlife
• Liberation from the cycle of samsara, we cease to exist and become one
with theuniverse.
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10. REINCARNATION
Reincarnation, the view that after death human beings live
again in otherforms
Bhagavad-Gita:
"We have all been for all time: I, and thou, and those king of
men. And we shall be for all time, we all for ever andever"
"As a man leaves an old garment and puts on the one that is new,
the Spirit leaves his mortal body and then puts on one that is
new"
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11. KARMA
• the sum total of the acts done in one stage of person's existence, which
determines his destiny in the nextstage
• a form of matter, which can contaminate a soul and postpone its attaining
Nirvana
• the doctrine that whatsoever a man sows, whether in action or
thought, the fruits will eventually be reaped by him –if not in this life,
then in thenext
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12. CONFUCIANISM
•Confucius was afounderof this Chinesethought.
•It is concerned with morality ,socialethics.
•His teaching treat other as you would like to betreated.
•What you don’t desire for yourself, don’t do toothers.
•Deal with the great while it is yetsmall.
•Family is metaphor for society todevelop.
•Ethics concerned with humanness.
•No need for physical punishment andlaw
•Build the character ofindividual.
•All human beings are alike atbirth.
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13. TAOISM
• Lao tzu was the founder ofTaoism,.
• All the change in the world lies on one fundamental universal principle: the Way
orTao.
• The way and its power is the path of balancedlife.
• Something and Nothing produce to eachother.
• The root of all is these two opposite forces in the universe.
• Contractive and expansive forces in theuniverse.
• Two principles ,yin and yang,contravctive and expanisive.
• Act with harmony to nature don't need tochange.
• Respect the allecologicalbalance ofnature.
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14. DAOISM
• Dao-“the way,” become one with the cosmos, with nature,
with allthings
• Ying and Yang: balance is good, “proper harmony”
• Daoism has changed throughout the centuries,
increasing in mysticism and superstition, increased
knowledge of metallurgy andastronomy
• Lao Zi: “Old Sage,” Chinese philosopher and founder, Tao Te Ching
(The Way and Its Power)
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15. DAOISM
• Dao is the main notion of Daoism that gives answers to all the
questions about origin of the world and the way it exists. It is the
initial cause and the only law of the universe to which nature, society
and man are subordinated.
• The essence of Dao is non-being, that is why it can neither be
cognized by mind nor determined by means ofwords.
• When we think that life's occurrences seem unfair (a human
discrimination), we should remember that heaven's net misses
nothing and it leaves nothingundone.
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16. MYSTICISM
• Represents a mystical, theosophical, andascetic
• Becoming one with absolutepure
• Secret experience of somethingspiritual.
• Intuitive understanding ofreality
• All sort of esoteric traditions and practiceunite.
• Purification of heart turning it away all exceptGod.
• Divine love is the essence ofmysticism.
• Attainment f ultimate universal onetruth.
• (Self) transformation by practices andactions.
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17. Buddhism develops laterIndia.
The Buddha achieves enlightenment, or onenesswith
Brahmin,
and passes on to his followers his Path for attaining
enlightenment.
Buddhism travels to China, where it is influenced by the Taoist
tradition of LaoTzu.
This variety of Buddhisms travels to Japan, where it flourishes and comes to be
known as ZenBuddhism.
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18. •Very broadly speaking, according to some commentators, Western society strives tofind and prove "the truth",
while Eastern societyaccepts the truth as givenand is more interested infinding the balance. Westerners put
more stock inindividual rights; Easterners insocial responsibility.
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19. THANK YOU!!!
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