what is Diode

you will know about electronics component Diode is a passive components

1. Presenter:- Nikhil Raut RCOEM Nagpur Engineeering - III Year Email- [email protected] MO: [phone]

2. Diode

3. What is a diode ? A  diode  is defined as a two-terminal semiconductor component that allows to flow of current in only one direction. What is semiconductor ? Why & how it allows the current to flow in the only one direction ?

4. What is a semiconductor? Conductor Insulator Resistivity is very low Easily conducts the electric current So many free electrons Resistivity is Intermediate Not easily conducts the electric current It has four valance electrons are present in its outermost orbit Resistivity is very High Never conducts the electric current No free electrons are available Semiconductor Definition: A solid substance that allows heat or electricity to pass through it in a particular conditions Semi + Conductor

5. Types of semiconductor? Intrinsic Semiconductor Extrinsic Semiconductor It is a pure Semiconductor E.G : Silicon, Germanium N-Type and P-Type impurities are added Doping: The process of adding impurities in a pure semiconductor is called as doping.

6. P – Type Semiconductor Aluminum, Indium, Boron It is called as trivalent Impurity These atoms has three outer electrons in their outermost orbit Trivalent impurities are known as Acceptor impurities Majority Charge Carriers are holes

7. N – Type Semiconductor Antimony, Arsenic, Phosphorous It is called as pentavalent Impurity These atoms has five outer electrons in their outermost orbit Pentavalent impurities are known as Donor impurities Majority Charge Carriers are electrons

8. N-Type P-Type

9. P – Type Semiconductor An extrinsic semiconductor which has been doped with electron acceptor atoms is called a p-type semiconductor. N – Type Semiconductor An extrinsic semiconductor which has been doped with electron donor atoms is called an n-type semiconductor. 

10. Quick Recap ………….. What is diode Difference between conductor, insulator, semiconductor. What is Semiconductor Types of Semiconductor What is Doping Definitions of p-type and n-type semiconductor

11. Working of PN Junction Diode

12. Majority Charge Carriers are holes Majority Charge Carriers are electrons Electrons and holes are free to move in any direction. Electron carries a negative charge. Hole carries a positive charge.

13. Unbiased Forward biased Reverse biased Concept of Biasing

14. Unbiased And the process is continued until the p and n type region have enough charge carrier for opposing the electrons and holes respectively

15. Potential Barrier Potential barrier in the p-n junction diode is the barrier in which the charge requires additional force for crossing the region. It is also called barrier junction , Depletion region. The region is created because of the depleted ions hence it is called a depletion region.

16. Forward biased How it allows the current to flow in the one direction ?

17. Reverse biased Why it allows the current to flow in the only one direction ?

18. V-I CHARACTERISTICS

19. What is Zener Diode ? A Zener diode is a silicon semiconductor device that permits current to flow in either a forward or reverse direction.  It is heavily doped It can conducts in reverse direction

20. Zener Breakdown

21. Types of diode

22. Tunnel diode LED ( Light Emitting Diode) Schottky diode