What is Obesity? How to overcome Obesity?

Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health.

1. Obesity Obesity is a chronic complex disease defined by excessive fat deposits that can impair health.

2. Introduction Obesity can lead to increased risk of type 2 diabetes and heart disease, it can affect bone health and reproduction, it increases the risk of certain cancers. Obesity influences the quality of living, such as sleeping or moving. The diagnosis of overweight and obesity is made by measuring people’s weight and height and by calculating the body mass index (BMI): weight (kg)/height² (m²).

3. BMI Categories for obesity depending on age and gender For adults, WHO defines overweight and obesity as follows: Overweight is a BMI greater than or equal to 25 Obesity is a BMI greater than or equal to 30. For children under 5 years of age: Overweight is weight-for-height greater than 2 standard deviations above WHO Child Growth Standards median Overweight and obesity are defined as follows for children aged between 5–19 years: Overweight is BMI-for-age greater than 1 standard deviation above the WHO Growth Reference median Obesity is greater than 2 standard deviations above the WHO Growth Reference median.

4. Causes of Overweight and Obesity Overweight and obesity result from an imbalance of energy intake and physical activity. In most cases obesity is a multifactorial disease due to obesogenic environments, psycho-social factors and genetic variants. The obesogenic environment exacerbating the likelihood of obesity in individuals, populations and in different settings is related to structural factors limiting the availability of healthy sustainable food at locally affordable prices. At the same time, the lack of an effective health system response to identify excess weight gain and fat deposition in their early stages is aggravating the progression to obesity.

5. Common Health Issues The health risks caused by overweight and obesity are increasingly well documented and understood. In 2019, higher-than-optimal BMI caused an estimated 5 million deaths from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, cancers, neurological disorders, chronic respiratory diseases, and digestive disorders. Being overweight in childhood and adolescence affects their immediate health and is associated with greater risk and earlier onset of various NCDs, such as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease.

6. Many low- and middle-income countries face a so-called double burden of malnutrition. While these countries continue to deal with the problems of infectious diseases and undernutrition, they are also experiencing a rapid upsurge in noncommunicable disease risk factors such as obesity and overweight. Children in low- and middle-income countries are more vulnerable to inadequate prenatal , infant, and young child nutrition. At the same time, these children are exposed to high-fat, high-sugar, high-salt, energy-dense, and micro nutrient -poor foods, which tend to be lower in cost but also lower in nutrient quality. Facing A Double Burden Of Malnutrition

7. Morbid Obesity "Morbid obesity" is an outdated term for class III obesity . In medical language, “morbidity” means associated health risks. Doctors referred to class III obesity as “morbid” because it was most likely to come with related health problems. However, they retired the term because of its negative connotations.

8. How is Obesity Diagnosed? They may ask about your biological family’s health history. They will also examine your vital functions by taking your heart rate and blood pressure and listening to your heart and lungs. They may give you a blood test to check your blood glucose and cholesterol levels and screen for hormone problems. They'll use this complete profile to diagnose your obesity and any related conditions you might have.

9. How can Obesity be treated? The overall treatment plan will be more gradual and probably involve many factor such as: Dietary Changes Increased activity Behavioral therapies Medication Weight Loss Surgery

10. Preventions for Obesity Preventing obesity is easier than treating it once it has taken hold. Some preventive measures for obesity are: Make a small sacrifice. . Add a small activity Shop intentionally Cultivate overall wellness.

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