What is Web 2.0?

1. What is Web 2.0? A waste of time, or a revolutionary way of working? EDU 626 Integrating Educational Technology Summer 2012

2. Meet Abby, the digital native! 2

3. Where does Web 2.0 fit? Uploaded by loots1964 on Oct 21, 2009 Originally, I planned on having kids tell me about how they used Web 2.0 technologies in school, but when I saw their reaction to my question, that they clearly had no idea what a Web 2.0 was - by name, at least, I realized I had stumbled onto a fascinating little bit of information. Web 2.0 is so innate to digital natives, that they can’t even identify it by name! 3

4. What is web 2.0, then? The definitions abound! Web 2.0 = the web as platform Web 2.0 = the underlying philosophy of relinquishing control Web 2.0 = glocalization (“making global information available to local social contexts and giving people the flexibility to find, organize, share and create information in a locally meaningful fashion that is globally accessible”) 4

5. More of what is web 2.0 Web 2.0 = an attitude not a technology Web 2.0 = when data, interface and metadata no longer need to go hand in hand Web 2.0 = action-at-a-distance interactions and ad hoc integration Web 2.0 = power and control via APIs Web 2.0 = giving up control and setting the data free 5

6. It’s all of that, and more! Web 2.0 is social, it’s open (or at least it should be), it’s letting go of control over your data, it’s mixing the global with the local. Web 2.0 is about new interfaces - new ways of searching and accessing Web content. And last but not least, Web 2.0 is a platform - and not just for developers to create web applications like Gmail and Flickr . The Web is a platform to build on for educators, media, politics, community, for virtually everyone in fact! 6

7. So, what is Web 2.0?? From Presentation “ Web 2.0 ” by Satyajeet Singh available on Slideshare 7

8. Maybe this might help! 8

9. Back to Satyajeet Singh 9

10. Participatory web? Dr. Mark Grabe http://learningaloud.com/participatoryweb/ 10

11. Web 2.0 and constructivism What is the Connection Between Web 2.0 and Constructivist Theory? Web 2.0 tools can . . . allow students/learners to demonstrate their understanding in a variety of ways. They can blog, edit, contribute, rank, tag, upload and enhance their web experiences through the use of Web 2.0 tools. Additionally through the use of social networking, learners can also be exposed to other learners’ perspectives on a given topic or subject. Social Constructivism , a wiki created for class EDER 679.09 Web 2.0 and Open Learning Environments 11

12. Elements of Web 2.0 Wikis and blogs and all What is a blog? ‘A weblog is kind of a continual tour, with a human guide who you get to know. There are many guides to choose from, each develops an audience, and there’s also comraderie [ camaraderie? ] and politics between the people who run weblogs, they point to each other, in all kinds of structures, graphs, loops, etc.’ Dave Winer , The History of Weblogs Last update: Friday, May 17, 2002 at 12:37:09 PM Dave Winer is one of the pioneers of blogging. This blog began in 1997. Davenet is from 1994, 12

13. What is a Blog? A log of websites visited? Or a personal journal? Or something else? “Defining this variable form is not easy in the highly opinionated blogosphere - nor is it simple in the increasing number of newsrooms that are in embracing blogging. . . . Capturing the blogging beast is no small matter, not when everybody from the lonely scribe in Paducah to me-too mass media in Manhattan is trying to get arms and minds around the virtual blob now encroaching online.” Just what is a blog, anyway? By Michael Conniff Posted: 2005-09-29 13

14. Can we define blogs? “I don’t care,” “There is no need to define ‘blog.’ . . . A blog is merely a tool that lets you do anything from change the world to share your shopping list. People will use it however they wish. And it is way too soon in the invention of uses for this tool to limit it with a set definition.” Jeff Jarvis, the veteran print journalist and prominent blogger behind BuzzMachine Quoted by Conniff in Just what is a blog, anyway? 14

15. OK-so what makes a blog? Technically, what is a weblog? A weblog is a hierarchy of text, images, media objects and data, arranged chronologically, that can be viewed in an HTML browser. What makes a weblog a weblog? Fri, May 23, 2003; by Dave Winer Weblogs At Harvard Law 15

16. Another technical definition “. . . here’s a definition of what a blog is: A publication of content and Web links, sorted in chronological order, with the most recent at the top. The content reflects personal or corporate interests, and is almost always written by an individual. . . .” What are Blogs, and Why Your Business Should Use One , Guest columnist Richard Zwicky , founder and the CEO of Metamend Software , a Victoria, B.C. based firm whose cutting edge Search Engine Optimization software has been recognized around the world as a leader in its field. 16

17. History of blogs Rebecca Blood : The original weblogs were link-driven sites. Each was a mixture in unique proportions of links, commentary, and personal thoughts and essays. These weblogs provide a valuable filtering function for their readers. The web has been, in effect, pre-surfed for them. weblogs: a history and perspective 7 september 2000 rebecca's pocket “Jesse’s ‘ page of only weblogs ’ lists the 23 known to be in existence at the beginning of 1999.” “. . . last updated on 12 Oct 2000” with about 200 or 300. 17

18. Who coined the term “weblog”? Jorn Barger 18

19. Blog History in Timeline Form Dawn of Internet Time: [=WWW time, ie about 1989-90] Tim Berners-Lee at CERN begins keeping a list of all new sites as they come online. June 1993: NCSA ’s oldest archived What’s New list of sites. June 1993: Netscape begins running its What's New! list of sites. Jan 1994: Justin Hall launches Justin’s Home Page which would become Links from the Underground. (Now Justin’s Links ) timbl's blog Original logo for Mosaic , the first web browser from NCSA 19

20. 1999: the year it all exploded Early 1999: Peter Merholz coins the term blog after announcing he was going to pronounce web blogs as “wee-blog” . This was then shortened to blog. Early 1999: Brigitte Eaton starts the first portal devoted to blogs with about 50 listings. July 1999: Metafilter’s earliest archives. July 1999: Pitas launches the first free build your own blog web tool. August 1999: Pyra releases Blogger which becomes the most popular web based blogging tool to date, and popularizes blogging with mainstream internet users. For What It's Worth I've decided to pronounce the word "weblog" as wee'- blog. Or "blog" for short.

21. Importance of 1999? Advent of easy-edit web interface July 1999 . . . Pitas , the first free build-your-own-weblog tool launched In August, Pyra released Blogger , and Groksoup launched Late in 1999 software developer Dave Winer introduced Edit This Page [ a forerunner of Blog This ? ], and Jeff A. Campbell launched Velocinews All of these services are free, and all of them are designed to enable individuals to publish their own weblogs quickly and easily. Rebecca Blood, weblogs: a history and perspective “Dave Winer , the protoblogger and technology maven” Dan Mitchell, New York Times, December 2, 2006 Dave Winer’s blog, Scripting News , has been going since 1997 21

22. Why was Blogger so revolutionary? Rebecca Blood’s opinion : Blogger itself places no restrictions on the form of content being posted. Its web interface, accessible from any browser, consists of an empty form box into which the blogger can type...anything: a passing thought, an extended essay, or a childhood recollection. With a click, Blogger will post the...whatever...on the writer's website, archive it in the proper place, and present the writer with another empty box, just waiting to be filled. http://www.rebeccablood.net/essays/weblog_history.html Rebecca Blood is a contributing writer to and a pioneering blog writer—her blog goes back to April 1999 22

23. Sample Blogger posting interface 23

24. Editing Blogger : wysiwyg 24

25. Editing Blogger : html view 25

26. http://murraylibmedia.blogspot.com/ Result (unfortunately, not updated!) 26

27. Other blogging software TypePad’s easy-to-use editor, feedback management tools, feed and podcast support, photo albums and world-class customer support. To get started with WordPress , set it up on a web host for the most flexibility or get a free blog on WordPress.com . lets you easily create & manage student & teacher blogs, quickly customize designs and include videos, photos & podcasts. Free , Pro or Campus subscriptions. Powered by 27

28. Can blogging be “safe”? Safe blogs becoming a part of school The fear of encouraging social networking and leaving the door open for unsavory individuals to see what students are doing online has caused most districts to avoid the tool, said David Warlick , a North Carolina public speaker and author who's working on the second edition of “ Classroom Blogging: A Teacher's Guide to the Blogosphere .” But new educational software, such as Virtual Office or Moodle, which the Muskego-Norway School District has implemented this year, protects students by letting them "publish" their writing within a secure server where teachers can monitor the comments . By Erin Richards of the Journal Sentinel Posted : March 25, 2007 Some safer blogging sites: 28

29. What about wikis? What is a wiki? A wiki is a website where every page can be edited in a web browser, by whomever happens to be reading it. It's so terrifically easy for people to jump in and revise pages that wikis are becoming known as the tool of choice for large, multiple-participant projects. What Is a Wiki (and How to Use One for Your Projects) by Tom Stafford , Matt Webb 07/07/2006 29

30. Does it have anything to do with Wikipedia? Wikipedia is a wiki The name “Wikipedia” is a portmanteau (a combination of portions of two words and their meanings) of the words wiki (a type of collaborative Web site) and encyclopedia . Wikipedia is written collaboratively by volunteers from all around the world; anyone can edit it. Wikipedia:About see also History of Wikipedia 30

31. What does it have to do with a hula dancer? The word “wiki” is Hawai’ian Explanation by the inventor of wikis, Ward Cunningham : Wiki wiki is the first Hawai'ian term I learned on my first visit to the islands. The airport counter agent directed me to take the wiki wiki bus between terminals. I said what? He explained that wiki wiki meant quick . Did you intend the word to be pronounced as wee- kee (rhyming with leaky) or as wick- ey (rhyming with sticky)? believe the former is the proper pronunciation though I’ve been known to use the latter. Correspondence on the Etymology of Wiki November, 2003. Ward Cunningham invented wiki in 1995. 31

32. Wiki wiki sign outside Honolulu International Airport. (Image courtesy of A. Barataz ) 32

33. There is an index to wikis online WikiIndex.org WikiIndex is the wiki of wikis. It is an effort to create a complete directory of wiki websites out there on the Internet, with a description of each wiki and various systems of categorisation . We want to help people find the kinds of wikis they are most interested in and to map out the Internet-wide wiki landscape. http://www.aboutus.org/WikiIndex.org 33

34. What about social networking? Social networking is the grouping of individuals into specific groups, like small rural communities or a neighborhood subdivision, if you will.  Although social networking is possible in person, especially in schools or in the workplace, it is most popular online.  Social networking websites function like an online community of internet users.  34

35. Social Networking explained 35

36. What exactly is it ? Definition: We define social network sites as web-based services that allow individuals to (1) construct a public or semi-public profile within a bounded system, (2) articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection, and (3) view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system. boyd, d. m., & Ellison, N. B. (2007). Social network sites: Definition, history, and scholarship . Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication , 13(1), article 11. http://jcmc.indiana.edu/vol13/issue1/boyd.ellison.html * danah boyd * Nicole Ellison 36

37. A timeline of social networking A Brief History of Social Networking Sites: 1995 = Classmates.com founded, now: 1997 = Six Degrees of Separation founded (Closed 2001) [ boyd & Ellison consider this the first social networking site! ] 1999 = Circle of Friends founded 2002 = Friendster.com founded 2003 = MySpace.com founded 2004 = Orkut.com founded 2004 = Facebook.com founded 2005 = Yahoo!360 founded [now closed] From a blog no longer available, dated June 26, 2007 37

38. An International Educational Social Networking Site ePals Corporation (TSXV: SLN) is an education technology company and the leading provider of safe social learning networks (SLN). Focused on the K-12 market, ePals offers elementary and secondary school administrators, teachers, students and parents worldwide a safe and secure platform for building educational communities, providing quality digital content and facilitating collaboration for effective 21st century learning. http://www.epals.com/ 38

39. A special case: microblogging 39

40. Microblogging sites Watch Video: Twitter in Plain English 5 Microblogging Sites That Aren’t Twitter 12seconds.tv is now closed 40

41. Another special case Second Life is a three- dimensional virtual community created entirely by its membership. Members assume an identity and take up residence in Second Life, creating a customized avatar or personage to represent themselves. The avatar moves about in the virtual world using mouse control and intuitive keyboard buttons. What is Second Life? 41

42. Second Life snapshot 42

43. Social bookmarking Social Bookmarking 101 What is social bookmarking ? It is tagging a website and saving it for later. Instead of saving them to your web browser, you are saving them to the web. And, because your bookmarks are online, you can easily share them with friends . What is Social Bookmarking and How Can It Help  Me? By Daniel Nations , About.com Guide Social Bookmarking Sites The Top Ten Social Bookmarking Sites on the Web By Wendy Boswell , About.com Guide Acquired in March 2009 by Now shut down and superseded by now Closed 10/1-2010 43

44. Another very special social tool 44

45. A review of Glogster EDU Glogster EDU - Glogster The EDU community offered by Glogster is designed to alleviate the problems of inappropriate content and contact with "outsiders" not welcome in your class electronic community. The EDU area provides classes advertising-free glogs and easy teacher monitoring of student work. Students can comment and interact within a "gated community" with education-friendly options for collaboration and learning. Here is an example glog created by the TeachersFirst Edge team. 45

46. A Sample Glog for Web 2.0 sites 46

47. Another poster site 47 http://pinterest.com/about/help/

48. Creating stories out of social media How To Curate Conversations With Storify Storify is the best way to gather tweets, comments, snippets and images from all around the Web and put them into one post. It's a new way of blogging that lets all your Internet friends participate . Storify uses drag-and-drop to move messages from the service tabs - Twitter , Facebook , YouTube , SoundCloud , Flickr , Instagram , Google , RSS, and more coming soon! - into your story. Favorites are a great way to pull out the posts you want, so that they're all right there in Storify and easy to find and drag . By Jon Mitchell / October 28, 2011 48

49. Recent statistics for Web 2.0 Use Related Research Teens Teens, kindness and cruelty on social network sites Amanda Lenhart Jun 5, 2012 Youth Online Safety Working Group Teens love texting and social networks but ignore e-mail Jul 11, 2012 CNET 49 http://www.pewinternet.org/topics/Teens.aspx?typeFilter=5

50. Web 2.0 and safety issues Help Kids Socialize Safely Online Help your kids understand what information should be private Use privacy settings to restrict who can access and post on your child's website . Explain that kids should post only information that you — and they — are comfortable with others seeing Remind your kids that once they post information online, they can't take it back Know how your kids are getting online Talk to your kids about bullying Talk to your kids about avoiding sex talk online Tell your kids to trust their gut if they have suspicions Read sites’ privacy policies 50

51. Find a good balance, though! You can be too restrictive! Content filters and firewalls are great for keeping kids away from pornography, as required by the Children’s Internet Protection Act ( download the PDF ), or preventing them from updating their Facebook status during class. But the same filters can stop teachers from accessing cutting-edge widgets and digital materials that have enormous potential for expanding learning. New Hampshire kindergarten teacher Maria Knee , a pioneer in using Web 2.0 tools with young learners, points out that keeping powerful tools out of students’ reach during the school day doesn't prepare them for life. "Our kids are going to be using these tools and sites anyway," she argues . Playing It Too Safe Online Will Make You Sorry Bending the Rules: A student at the Pleasantview Academy, in Hutchinson, Kansas, uses ArtSnacks , a site typically blocked by the school district, after an exception is made for a class project. Credit: Courtesy of Kevin Honeycutt 51

52. Other cybersafety websites 52

53. Another useful resource Trying to prepare students for their future and teach them about Internet safety without Web 2.0 in schools is like trying to teach a child to swim without a swimming pool! The Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use has developed a new framework for addressing these issues under the overall concept of Cyber Savvy Schools. More information on Cyber Savvy Schools is here . Nancy Willard, M.S., J.D . director of the Center for Safe and Responsible Internet Use. This Center provides for educators and other professionals on youth risk online issues. 53