Why do we need a parliament

class 8

1. India— The largest democratic country

2. CHAPTER 3 Why Do WE Need a Parliament?

3. 15 th august 1947 People – joined struggle – inspired by the idea of freedom , equality, participation in decision making Indians did not agree -decisions that they took With high pressure of Indian National Congress ,British Government allowed to discuss the budget and ask questions .

4. The Government of India Act 1909 -allowed - indirect election to the Legislative Assembly. National leaders - not satisfied with this. At last India became independent on August 1947 through a process of long and difficult struggle Take off points – democracy- desire , approval and participation of people. The individual –give approval-to the government- through elections.

5. People –elect –their representative Group representative – form – government. Parliament –made up of representative – control, guides the governmment .

6. INDIAN PARLIAMENT

7. What does Parliament consist of?

8. The Parliament of India consists of

9. 1. Rajya S abha 2. Lok Sabha Two Houses of the Parliament

10. Lok Sabha Lower House: House of the People: Maximum strength- 552 530 members from states 20 members from Union Territories 2 members from Anglo-Indian community (nominated by President) Presided by the Speaker Members are elected for 5 years Rajya Sabha Upper House: Council of States:Permanent House Maximum-250 seats 238 seats selected by states&Union Territories and 12 members nominated by President Presided by the chairman (Vice President) Members are elected for six years

11. The Role of the Parliament

12. 1.To Select the National Government The Parliament consist . After Lok sabha election- list prepared- 543+ 2 elected member- 272 member - Form a government Opposition party Select executive. The Prime minister -the leader – Ruling party – select – ministers – given charge – education , health , finance. Coalition Government. Rajya sabha – a bill – required to pass – become a law. Important role - Reviewing ,altering the law.

13. 2.To Control,Guide and Inform the Government Generally, the first hour of a sitting of Lok Sabha is devoted to Questions and that hour is called the Question Hour. . MPs of Parliament are free to ask questions to ministers of the government to get information on public concern matters. Opposition party- play role- healthy function – highlights drawbacks- policies, programmes Governments – gets valuable feedback This ways parliament – control ,guides , informs government

14. 3.Law-Making First reading - introduction stage Second reading - discussion stage Third reading - voting stage President's assent

15. Who are the people in Parliament People – different background Seats – reserved MPs elected –represent Dalit and Adivasi interest in Parliament. Reservation for women – 60 years ago – 4 % MPs –today – above 9% .

16. The Parliament can introduce new laws and change the old ones. A law is first introduced in the form of a bill. A bill is the draft of a proposed law.

17. Three Categories of Bills:

18. Money Bill introduced only in the Lok Sabha and only by the ruling party. Lok Sabha is more powerful on the issue of money bill. The Speaker of the Lok Sabha has to certify it as a money bill. After three readings in the Lok Sabha ,the bill is sent to the Rajya Sabha. The Rajya Sabha can only make suggestions.

19. Ordinary Bills Any member may introduce. can- intoduced either in the Lok Sabha or in the Rajya Sabha. Once the bill is passed in one House after their reedings , it goes to the other House. If the second House wants to change the bill,it may send to the House where it originated.

20. If the House of origin refuses to make change ,up to six month a deadlock is created. Then the President will call for a joint session of both the Houses. After discussion, the bill will be passed. Then it goes to the President . If the President signs the bill, then it becomes a law. This law is then called an Act.

21. Constitutional Bill This bill is used to the constitutional Amendment This can be introduced either in the Lok Sabha or in the Rajya Sabha.

22. ? Who controls and guides the government? Which is the supreme law-making institution in India? What are the various types of bills? How are the members of Lok Sabha elected? How are the members of Rajya Sabha elected? Which one House of the Parliament is more powerful?

23. The End

24. 1.What is the take off point for a democracy?   The take-off point for a democracy is the idea of consent,i.e . the desire, approval and participation of people. It is the decision of the people that creates a democratic government and decides its functioning.

25. 2.Bring out the differences between Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha. Lok Sabha   Members of Lok Sabha are directly elected by the people. The life of every LokSabha is 5 years only until dissolved earlier Money Bills can only be introduced in Lok Sabha. Also it is Lok Sabha which grants the money for running the administration of the country Rajya Sabha Members of Rajya Sabha are elected indirectly by the elected members of State Legislative Assemblies.   Rajya Sabha is a permanent body.   Rajya Sabha had no say in this regard.

26. 3.What role does the opposition plays in the Parliament? a.The objective of the members of thopposition parties is to point out the shortcomingsof the governmentalpolicies . b. The government takes account of the issues and question raised during the sessions of the parliament andtake actions accordingly. c.It  makes use of the media to reach the people with its views and tries to establish as an alternative government.

27. 4.How does the Parliament act as a platform for the different classes of India? The Parliament is made of the members of different parties; now a days  people from different groups of society become members of these parties and ultimately the Member of Parliament after election. The people from different background classes like OBCs, SCs and STs, minorities and women are getting representation. This is done through reservation of particular seats for the SCs, STs and OBCs, while there is a talk going on about reservation for women.

28. 5.Mention any four functions of the Speaker of Lok Sabha. a. He/she allows the members to ask questions. b. No member can address the House without the permission of the Speaker. c. He/she preserves order in the House. d. He/she presides over the meetings of the House.

29. 6.Describe the Judicial power of the Parliament? The Parliament can remove the President . The Parliament can also remove the Vice-President. The Parliament can remove the judges of High Court by passing a resolution to that effect.

30. 7.What do you mean by ‘Question Hour’? The Parliament in session,begins with a ‘Question Hour’.the question hour is an important mechanism through which MPs highlight information about the working of the government.In this way the government also comes to know about the opinion of the people through their MPs.During question hour the opposition parties play an important role in the healthy functioning of a democracy.They highlight the drawbacks in various policies of the government and try to get support in favour of their own policies.

31. 8.What are the functions of Rajya Sabha? The Rajya Sabha functions primarily as a representative of the states of india.It has the power to initiative legislation.A bill is required to pass through the Rajya Sabha in order to become a law.It,therefore , has an important role of reviewing and altering the laws initiated by the Lok Sabha.

32. 9.What is the difference between a bill & a law? A bill is the draft of a proposed law. It is introduced in the Parliament for making law.When a bill is passed by both the House and it receives the assent of the president then it becomes a law.

33. MCQs The president of India holds office for a period of:- a. 6, b. 5, c. 7, d. 4 ”EVM” for the first time used in:- a. 2007, b. 2004, c. 2003, d. 1990 What did universal adult franchise mean:- a. Right to vote, b. Right to freedom c. Right to equality, d. Right to adult freedom The parliament of India has ______ houses a. 2, b. 6, c. 7, d. 3 Rajya sabha has ________ members a. 245b. 250c. 238d. 219

34. Lok sabha contains:- a. 550, b. 552, c. 545, d. None of these How many members are nominated in Rajya sabha by president? a. 10, b. 12, c. 15, d. 20 How many members are nominated in Lok sabha by president? a. 2, b. 4, c. 5, d. 7 Parliament of India is _______ law making institution a. Midst, b. Supreme, c. Lowest, d. All of above

35. Who is the leader of ruling party in the lok sabha? a. Prime minister, b. President c. Speaker of lok sabha, d. All of these The parliament is begin with _______ a. Question hour, b. Zero hour c. Both (a) & (b), d. None of these Who highlights the drawback of various policies? a. BJP, b. Members of parliament, c. Member of legislative, d. Opposition party When was 1st election held in India? a. 1951, b. 1984, c. 1971, d. 1964

36. The parliament of India consists:- a. President, lok sabha, Rajya sabha b. Prime minister, lok sabha, Rajya sabha c. Vice- president, Rajya sabha, d. None of these EVM’ means a. Electronic voting machine b. Election voting machine c. Equal vote measure, d. None of these Who is the presiding officer of the Rajya Sabha? a. The President, b. Vice-President, c. PM, d.Finance minister

37. Members of Parliament are representatives of a. Government, b. People, c. party, d. None of these If the president has to resign, he sends his resignation to:- a. Prime minister, b. Vice president c. Chief minister, d. Lok sabha speaker How many times should the Parliament meet in a year? a.Once , b. Twice, c. Thrice, d. none of these

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