Wildlife sanctuaries

Wildlife sanctuaries

1. University of Education LMC
Lahore


HAFIZ M WASEEM



SUBJECT :
“WILDLIFE”
ASSIGNMENT TOPIC:
WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES

2.  Contents:


 Introduction

3.  Total wildlife sanctuaries in Pakistan
 Major wildlife sanctuaries in Pakistan

 Astore
 Baltistan
 Bajwat
 Cholistan
 Mahal Kohistan
 Chumbi Surla
 Kargah
 Hub dam
 Nara
 Rann of Kutch
 Naltar

 Importance
 Wildlife Vs National parks

4.  Conclusion
 References

5.  Introduction

 Sanctuary:
“ It is refuge or safety from persuit, persecution or other
danger.”

 Wild life sanctuary:
“A wild life sanctuary is naturally occurring sanctuary such as island
that provide protection for species from hunting, predation or
competition, it is a protected area , geographic territory within which
wild life is protected”

6. According to IUCN, there are about 225 acknowledged protected and
secured places in Pakistan, out of which 99 have been identified as wild
life sanacturies.96 are game reserves and 16 are national parks.

 Total wildlife sanctuaries in Pakistan:
There are the following sanctuaries in Pakistan:
1. Argam Basti Wildlife Sanctuary
2. Astore Wildlife Sanctuary
3. Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary

7. 4. Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary
5. Bijoro Chach Wildlife Sanctuary
6. Borraka Wildlife Sanctuary
7. Buzi Makola Wildlife Sanctuary
8. Chashma and Taunsa Barrage Dolphin Sanctuary
9. Cholistan Wildlife Sanctuary
10. Chorani Wildlife Sanctuary
11. Chotiari Wetland
12. Chumbi Surla Wildlife Sanctuary
13. Cut Munarki Chach Wildlife Sanctuary
14. Daphar Wildlife Sanctuary
15. Deh Akro Wildlife Sanctuary
16. Dhoung Block Wildlife Sanctuary
17. Drigh Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
18. Dureji Wildlife Sanctuary

8. 19. Ghondak Dhono Wildlife Sanctuary
20. Gullel Kohri Wildlife Sanctuary
21. Gulsher Dhand Wildlife Sanctuary
22. Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary
23. Hadero Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
24. Haleji Wildlife Sanctuary
25. Haleji Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
26. Islamabad Wildlife Sanctuary
27. Kachau Wildlife Sanctuary
28. Kargah Wildlife Sanctuary
29. Keti Bunder South Wildlife Sanctuary
30. Khadi Wildlife Sanctuary
31. Kharar Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
32. Khat Dhoro Wildlife Sanctuary
33. Kinjhar Lake Wildlife Sanctuary

9. 34. Koh-e-Geish Wildlife Sanctuary
35. Kolwah Kap Wildlife Sanctuary
36. Kot Dinghano Wildlife Sanctuary
37. Lakhi Wildlife Sanctuary
38. Lehri Nature Park
39. Mahal Kohistan Wildlife Sanctuary
40. Majiran Wildlife Sanctuary
41. Manglot Wildlife Park
42. Manshi Wildlife Sanctuary
43. Marho Kotri Wildlife Sanctuary
44. Maslakh Wildlife Sanctuary
45. Mehrano Wildlife Sanctuary
46. Miani Dhand Wildlife Sanctuary
47. Mohabat Doro Wildlife Sanctuary
48. Munarki Wildlife Sanctuary

10. 49. Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary
50. Nara Desert Wildlife Sanctuary
51. Nemal Lake Wildlife Sanctuary
52. Norange Wildlife Sanctuary
53. Overa Aru Wildlife Sanctuary
54. Raghai Rakhshan Wildlife Sanctuary
55. Ras Koh Wildlife Sanctuary
56. Rasool Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary
57. Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary
58. Sadnani Wildlife Sanctuary
59. Salkhala Wildlife Sanctuary
60. Salpara Wildlife Sanctuary
61. Samno Dhand Wildlife Sanctuary
62. Sasnamana Wildlife Sanctuary
63. Shah Lando Wildlife Sanctuary

11. 64. Shashan Wildlife Sanctuary
65. Sheikh Buddin Wildlife Sanctuary
66. Sodhi Wildlife Sanctuary
67. Takkar Wildlife Sanctuary
68. Taunsa Barrage Wildlife Sanctuary
69. Ziarat Juniper Wildlife Sanctuary

12. Major sanctuaries in Pakistan:
There are the following major sanctuaries in Pakistan:
 Astore
 Baltistan
 Bajwat
 Cholistan wildlife sanctuary
 Mahal Kohistan Wildlife Sanctuary
 Chumbi surla
 Kargah Wildlife sanctuary
 Hub dam
 Nara desert
 Rann of kutch
 Naltar wild life sanctuary

13.  Astore wild life sanctuary:


Astore Wildlife Sanctuary is as wildlife refuge located in Gilgit–
Baltistan, Pakistan. It is within the Astore District, between Nanga
Parbat 8,126 metres (26,660 ft) to the west and the plains of Deosai to
the east, and about 11 km (6.8 mi) from the town of Bungi. Its area is
approximately 414.72 km
2
(160.12 sq mi) and its altitude is from
1,212 m (3,976 ft) to 6,060 m (19,880 ft). The sanctuary is home to a
small population of the near threatened (since 2015) Astor
Markhor, the national animal of Pakistan, it further provides home to
endangered snow leopard, Himalayan brown bear and Eurasian lynx.

14. (Fig: Astore wildlife Sanctuary)





 Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary :

It is a wildlife sanctuary covering an area of 415 square kilometer’s
(102,549 acres; 41,500 ha) in the Baltistan region of
northern Pakistan. Contiguous with the Astore Wildlife Sanctuary its
south and east, the Baltistan Wildlife Sanctuary lies south of the Indus

15. River, between the villages of Rondu and Shengus, in the Skardu
District


(Fig: Baltistan wildlife sanctuary)

16. This protected area was established in 1975, for the purpose of
conserving the threatened species that occupy the park, and among
them there are snow leopard, brown bear, lynx, Tibetan wolf, Tibetan
sand fox, markhor, bharal and Siberian ibex.

17. (Fig: Siberian ibex)





 Bajwat wildlife sanctuary:

The Bajwat Wildlife Sanctuary in Pakistan protects a complex of
natural riverine habitats along the Chenab River and two of its

18. tributaries, extending up to the border with India. Its total area of
5,400 hectares (13,000 acres)


(Fig: Bajwat wildlife sanctuary)




It provides protection for waterfowl, as well as a variety of mammals
including hog deer and nilgai. Scientists have recorded 110 species of
birds on the site. The most common are species of the
family Motacillidae. The sanctuary is in the Sialkot District.

20. (Fig: hog deer)








(Fig: nilgai)



 Cholistan wildlife sanctuary:

21. In Cholistan desert, Punjab and area of about 6,533 has been declared
as wild life sanctuary in desert.

22. In Cholistan wildlife sanctuary , some of the rear animals are Desert
wolf, Indian fox,
Red fox, Sake Falcon, Black- backed vulture and Saw scaled Viper

23. (Fig: Cholistan wildlife sanctuary animals)

24.  Mahal Kohistan Wildlife Sanctuary:

Mahal Kohistan Wildlife Sanctuary is 70,577 ha and lies to the south of
Kirthar National Park. There are many plants found here that are used
for medicinal purposes by locals. There are 20 species of mammals, 33
bird species, 13 reptile species and 42 plant species recorded during field
surveys. Of the fauna, 20 species were believed to be common, five less
common and eight rare.

25. The wildlife found here includes common fox, jackal, jungle Cat,
chinkara gazelle, urial, monitor lizard and Indian cobra.

26. (Fig: Jungle cat)

The population of the Mahal Kohistan consists of three major ethnic
groups: Sindhi, Baloch and Brahvi. The major languages spoken are
Sindhi, Balochi, Brauhvi, Urdu and Hindi (Hindus are major traders of
the area).


 Chumbi Surla Wildlife Sanctuary:

27. Chumbi Surla Wildlife Sanctuary (shortened as Chumbi Surla) is
a wild covering an area of 55,945 acres (22,640 ha). It is located
in Khushab district and Chakwal District, Punjab, Pakistan. The area is
surrounded by reserve forests and hills. Average altitude ranges between
460-1050 m above the sea level. Temperature is between 10-40°C while
average annual rainfall is 4994 mm. The forest supports scrub biome
having dry subtropical evergreen vegetation.

28. It was established in 1978, for the purpose of conserving the threatened
species of urial among several other.

29. (Figure: Urial in Chumbi Wildlife Sanctuary)





 Kargah Wildlife Sanctuary

30. This landscape was stated and identified as a wildlife sanctuary in the
end of year 1975 in November. Kargah wildlife sanctuary is located
approx. around 35°49’55.74″N and 74° 4’58.43″E around the border of
Gilgit, Ghizer and Diamer districts of the province Gilgit Baltistan. The
valley covers 445 sq km which can be accessed travelling five km south-
west of Gilgit by following the Kargah nala.

31. The major aves species in the region are Chukar partridge (the
national bird of Pakistan), snow cock which are species in the genus
Tetraogallus of the pheasant family, snow paritages and Monal
pheasants. The Kargah nala has a good number of trout species as well.








(Fig: Monal pheasant) (Figure : Chukar
partridge)

32.  Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary


Hab Dam Wildlife Sanctuary is located around Hub
Dam in Balochistan and Sindh Provinces of Pakistan. The greater part of
this wildlife sanctuary (in Balochistan) is unprotected ; the eastern shore
and area south of the Dam (in Sindh) are protected in the Kirthar
National Park and Hub Dam Wildlife Sanctuary., respectively. The lake
formed by the dam covers an area of 32 square miles and is an ideal

33. place for bird watching. There is plenty of waterfowl in the lake, both
resident and migratory.

34. (Figure: Hub dam Wildlife sanctuary is coupled with Kirthar
national park)

It is an important staging and wintering area for an appreciable number
of water birds and contains a variety of fish species which increase in
abundance during periods of high water. The Mahseer, an indigenous
riverine fish found in the Hub River, grows up to 2m (9ft) in length and
more than 110lbs, and provides for excellent angling.

35. ( Fig: Mahseer)

36. The surrounding hills are the home of Urial, Sindh wild goat, Chinkara
gazelle, Wolf, Jackal, Common fox, Pangolin and numerous other birds
and reptiles Content.


 Nara Desert wildlife sanctuary:


The Nara desert provides refuge to much wildlife in the Sindh province.
The Nara canal area, a chain of some 200 freshwater, brackish and saline
lakes and marshes stretching for about 150 km along either side of the
Nara Canal from Sorah in the north to Sanghar in the south, is known to
be of great importance for wintering waterfowl and other wildlife. The
largest population of the endangered Mugger crocodile in Pakistan is
found here.

37. (Fig: Mugger crocodile)




Other animal life includes Jackal, Fox, Pangolin, Honey Badger and
Wolf.

38. (Fig: Jackal)

39. (Fig: Honey Badger)






 Rann of Kutch wildlife sanctuary:

The Rann of Kutch Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Badin District. It
was declared a wildlife sanctuary by the Sindh government in Pakistan
in 1980. This sanctuary is supporting nature's richest ecosystem. It
provides food and shelter to a number of migratory and
local wildlife species. it is famous for its attractive chestnut brown
Asiatic (Wild ass), a species of wild horses. It is also the natural habitat
of wolf, blue bull, gazelle, jungle cat, Indian foxes, jackal and hare.

40. (Fig: Wild ass)

41. It is the home of plenty of birds e.g. francolin partridge, bustard quails,
pelicans, desert wheatear, vultures, laggar falcon, cranes steppe eagle,
flamingoes, ducks, and storks.

42. (Fig: flamingos)










( Fig: Pelican)


 Naltar Wildlife :

43. Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary was created on 22 November 1975. It
occupies an area of 27,206 hectares (67,230 acres) and adjoins two other
protected areas, Sher Quillah Game Reserve and Pakora Game Reserve,
the total area of all three being over 50,000 hectares (120,000 acres).
Naltar Valley is a fluvio-glacial valley with a U-shaped cross section
higher up and a V-shaped cross section lower down. It is aligned from
northwest to southeast and has high mountains on either side. The
sanctuary extends from the valley bottom up to 5,900 m (19,400 ft) at
Shanni Glacier. The precipitation varies between 254 and 381 mm (10
and 15 in) and the winters are very cold, with the higher reaches of the
river freezing.

44. The sanctuary is forested, there a luxurious growth of mixed montane
broadleaf and
coniferous forest at lower altitudes, and montane coniferous forest

45. higher up.

Spruce Olea





Haloxylon

46. A small number of Astor markhor (Capra falconeri falconeri), an
endangered species of wild goat, lives in the reserve. Other large
mammals present include the Alpine ibex.



(Fig: Alpine ibex)

47.  Importance of wild life sanctuaries:

There are a number of reasons for establishing wildlife sanctuaries.
Some of the reasons are listed below:
1. The wildlife sanctuaries are established to protect the endangered
species.
2. It is quite difficult to always relocate the animals from their natural
habitat, therefore, protecting them in their natural environment is
advantageous
3. The endangered species are specially monitored in the wildlife
sanctuaries. If they reproduce and grow in number while under
protection, few specimens can be kept for breeding in the
conservation parks for their survival.
4. Biologist activities and researches are permitted in the wildlife
sanctuaries so that they can learn about the animals living there.
5. A few sanctuaries take in injured and abandoned animals and
rehabilitate them to health before releasing them in the forest.

48. 6. A few sanctuaries take in injured and abandoned animals and
rehabilitate them to health before releasing them in the forest.
7. Wildlife sanctuaries preserve the endangered species and protect
them from humans and predators.

 Protection of Endangered Species
Many species of plants and animals are on the verge of extinction. Such
creatures are conserved in the wildlife sanctuaries. Various sanctuaries
have been established such as the Fleurieu peninsula sanctuary is
maintained to protect sheoak habitat for glossy black cockatoos.
 Conservation of Biodiversity
The landowners of a wildlife sanctuary are involved in:
 Production and distribution of electricity.
 Horticulture, grazing and farming enterprises
 Wine production

49.  Organic horticulture
 Ecotourism
Many sanctuaries are involved in ecotourism. They offer
accommodation, tour guides, nature walks, etc.
 Education and Public use
The sanctuaries that are created on public land are involved in public use
along with the conservation of biodiversity. For e.g., golf courses, picnic
areas, lakes for boating and swimming.


 Difference between Wildlife sanctuary and National parks

50. BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
NATIONAL
PARK
Meaning Wildlife
Sanctuary, is a
natural habitat,
owned by the
government or
private agency,
that safeguards
particular
species of birds
and animals.
National
park is the
protected
area, which
are
established
by the
government,
to conserve
wildlife and
also develop
them.
Preserves Animals, birds, Flora, fauna,

51. BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
NATIONAL
PARK
insects,
reptiles, etc.
landscape,
historic
objects, etc.
Objective To make sure
that viable
population of
the wildlife and
their habitats
are maintained.
To protect
the natural
and historic
objects and
wildlife of an
area.
Restriction Restrictions are
less and it is
open to public.
Highly
restricted,
random
access to

52. BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
NATIONAL
PARK
people is not
allowed.
Official
Permission
Not required Required
Boundaries Not fixed Fixed by
legislation
Human activity Allowed but up
to a certain
extent.
Not allowed
at all

53. BASIS FOR
COMPARISON
WILDLIFE
SANCTUARY
NATIONAL
PARK

 Conclusion:


Wildlife conservation includes all human efforts to preserve wild
animals from extinction. It involves the protection and wise
management of wild species of their environment.These activities
have vastly reduced the natural habitats of our wildlife and many
species are endangered or nearly extinct.


 References:

54.  Sanctuaries - Wildlife of Pakistan". wildlife.com.pk.
Retrieved 2017-01-
^http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/sanctuaries.html
 "WILDLIFE SANCTUARIES IN PAKISTAN". pique.pk.
Archived from the original on 2017-12-12. Retrieved 2017-12-03.
 "Pakistan Environment > Protected Areas". WWF Pakistan.
Archived from the original on 2010-11-29. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
 Wildlife Sanctuaries/Game Reserves". Wildlife Of Pakistan.com.
Retrieved June 8, 2012.
 http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/sanctuaries.html
 http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/sanctuaries.html
 http://www.wildlifeofpakistan.com/sanctuaries.html
 http://pique.pk/wildlife-sanctuaries-in-pakistan

55.  http://dawn.com/2012/09/18/saving-wildlife-in-rann-of-
kutch/ a b "Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary". Wildlife
sanctuaries/Game reserves. Wildlife of Pakistan. Retrieved 29
September 2015.

 a b c d Green, Michael John Beverley (1990). IUCN Directory of
South Asian Protected Areas. IUCN. p. 159. ISBN 978-2-8317-
0030-4.

 a b "Important Bird Areas factsheet: Naltar Wildlife Sanctuary".
BirdLife International. Retrieved 30 September