Windows Server Installation on VirtualBox

Step-by-step guide to installing and configuring Windows Server on a virtual machine using VirtualBox.

1. Cañon, Rian James A. BSIT – 4A

PART A - Installation & Base Configuration
INSTALLING WINDOWS SERVER ISO 2022

2. Set computer name to: LAB-SRV01.

Configure a static IP address.

3. Open Server Manager - Add Roles and Features.
Install Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS).

Promote the server to a Domain Controller.
New domain lab.local.

4. Verify using Active Directory Users and Computers (ADUC).









Part B — User & Access Management
1. In ADUC, create Organizational Units (OUs):
o IT
o HR
o Students

5. 2. Create users:
o Fritz (IT)







o Marc (HR)







o Your Name (Student)

6. 3. Create groups:
o IT-Admins
o HR-Users
o Students

4. Assign users to their groups with appropriate privileges.

7. PART C – Group Policy & Security
Open Group Policy Management Console (GPMC).










Create a Password Policy GPO:
o Minimum 8 characters
o Expire every 60 days

8. Create a Login Banner GPO:
o Message: “Authorized use only”

Apply GPOs to domain users.

9. Run gpupdate /force to refresh policies.

Part D — Updates & Patch Management
Open Windows Update Settings.

10. Check for pending updates.

Install critical/security patches.

11. Record changes in a Change Log.

Part E — Backup & Disaster Recovery
Install Windows Server Backup feature.

Configure a scheduled backup:
o System State
o Folder: C:\HRShare

12. Test disaster recovery:
o Delete a file in C:\HRShare.
o Restore it from backup.






Part F — Monitoring & Logs
Open Performance Monitor.
o Add counters: CPU %, Memory Usage, Disk Queue Length.

13. Open Event Viewer
o Security Logs.

Document monitoring metrics and security events.
CPU Usage (% Processor Time)
LAST – 0.003 % AVERAGE – 5.368% MINIMUM – 0.000%
MAXIMUM – 86.100%
Memory Usage (Available MBytes / % Committed Bytes in Use)
LAST – 1.359.000% AVERAGE – 1358.226%
MINIMUM – 1.358.000% MAXIMUM – 1,364.000%
Disk Queue Length:
Last: 0.00% Average: 0.00% Minimum:
0.00%
Maximum:
0.00%

Security Events
There were three failed attempts at logging in, filtering event ID: 4625
showed the specific failed login attempt.

14. Part G — Documentation & Ethics
1. System Configuration Document
• Hostname: LAB-SRV01
• Operating System: Windows Server 2022
• Domain Name: lab.local
• Static IP Address: 10.10.2.15
• Installed Roles:
o Active Directory Domain Services (AD DS)
o DNS Server (installed with AD DS)
o Group Policy Management
o Windows Server Backup

2. Access Control Matrix
User Group Privileges
Fritz IT-Admins Domain Admin rights, full control on servers
Marc HR-Users Read/Write access to HRShare folder
Student01 Students Limited domain logon, read-only on HRShare

3. Change Log
Date Change / Update
Performed
By
09/15/2025 Installed Windows Server 2022 on VM Admin
09/15/2025 Configured hostname, static IP, AD DS Admin

15. Date Change / Update
Performed
By
09/16/2025 Created users/groups in AD Admin
09/16/2025 Applied password policy via GPO Admin
09/17/2025 Installed Windows Server Backup feature Admin
09/17/2025
Configured scheduled backup (C:\HRShare +
System State)
Admin

4. Incident Log
Date Incident Action Taken Result
09/17/2025
Deleted a test file in
C:\HRShare
Ran Windows Server
Backup → Recovery
Wizard
File successfully
restored
09/17/2025
Backup disk not
detected in
VirtualBox
Re-attached
BackupDisk.vdi and
rescanned disks
Backup drive
recognized