Wired LANs

Ethernet Protocol, standard Ethernet, fast Ethernet, gigabit Ethernet, 10 gigabit Ethernet

1. Ch-13 Wired LANs: Ethernet UNIT-III

2. Outline IEEE standards for LAN/MAN/WAN Traditional Ethernet Unicast and multicast addresses Fast Ethernet Gigabit Ethernet Ten-Gigabit Ethernet 2

3. IEEE Standards Project 802  standards for enabling intercommunication among equipment from a variety of manufacturers E.g., IEEE 802.3  Ethernet IEEE 802.11  Wireless LAN (Wi-Fi) IEEE 802.15  Wireless PAN (Bluetooth, etc ) http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802 3

4. IEEE Standards for LANs 4

5. Logical Link Control Sublayer Provides flow and error control for upper layer protocols Most upper layer protocols (such as IP) do not require such services 5 DSAP – Destination Service Access Point SSAP – Source Service Access Point (Similar to TCP/IP ports)

6. Wired Ethernet "Traditional" or "Original" Ethernet created at Xerox's Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) in 1976 Ethernet standards are set by IEEE 802.3 working group 6

7. Evolution of Ethernet 7 Ethernet Evolution Standard Ethernet (10 Mbps) Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps) Gigabit Ethernet Ten-Gigabit Ethernet 100-Gigabit Ethernet

8. IEEE 802.3 MAC Frame 8

9. Min and Max Frame Length 9

10. Ethernet Addresses 48 bits (6 bytes) in length Uniquely assigned to each Ethernet network interface card (NIC) Usually written in hexadecimal notation E.g., 10

11. Unicast vs. Multicast Addresses A unicast address defines one recipient A multicast address defines a group of recipients The broadcast address defines a group of all stations in the same LAN A special case of multicast addresses All bits are 1s 11

12. Example Define the type of the following destination addresses: 4A:30:10:21:10:1A 47:20:1B:2E:08:EE FF:FF:FF:FF:FF:FF 12

13. Standard Ethernet

14. Categories of Standard Ethernet 14

15. Encoding in Standard Ethernet 15

16. 10Base5 Implementation 16

17. 10Base2 Implementation 17

18. 10Base-T Implementation 18 CAT3 Cable

19. 10Base-F Implementation 19

20. Standard Ethernet Summary 20

21. Raising the Bandwidth 21

22. Bridged Ethernet A bridge divides a network into two or more segments Each segment is independent of one another, bandwidth-wise 22

23. Collision Domain Bridges help split collision domain into smaller ones 23

24. Switched Ethernet 24

25. Full-Duplex Ethernet 25

26. Fast Ethernet

27. Fast Ethernet Data rate: 100 Mbps Standard  IEEE 802.3u Backward-compatible with Standard Ethernet 27

28. Fast Ethernet Topologies 28

29. Fast Ethernet Implementations 29

30. Encoding for 100Base-TX 30

31. Encoding for 100Base-FX 31

32. Encoding for 100Base-T4 32

33. Fast Ethernet Summary 33

34. Gigabit Ethernet

35. Gigabit Ethernet 1000 Mbps Standard  IEEE 802.3z, 802.3ab 35

36. Gigabit Ethernet Encoding 36

37. 4D-PAM5 Encoding Used in 1000Base-T 37

38. Gigabit Ethernet Summary 38

39. 10-Gigabit and Up IEEE Standards 802.3ae  10GbE over fiber 802.3ak  10GbE over twin axial cable (10GBASE-CX4) 802.3an  10GbE over UTP (10GBASE-T) 802.3ba  40GbE and 100GbE 39