Wireless Communication presentation (ppt).ppt

Wireless Communications slides

1. Wireless Communications
and Mobile Technology

2. Presentation Contents
1.Introduction.
What is Wireless?
What is Mobile?
What is Wireless communications?
What is Mobile Communications?
Why Wireless communications?
Wireless Advantages.
Wireless Disadvantages.
Wireless communications Applications.
Wireless Communications Systems.
Wireless CommunicationsTechnologies.
Wireless Communications Future.

3. Introduction
Wirelesscommunicationhasbecomeanessentialpart
ofourmodernlives,playingacrucialroleinvarious
sectorssuchastelecommunications,networking,and
mobilecomputing.
Itprovidestheconvenienceofmobility,allowingusers
tostayconnectedevenwhileonthemove.
Ithasenabledustocommunicateandsharedata
effortlessly,makingourlivesmoreconvenientand
efficient.
Wiredcommunicationremainsvitalinsituationswhere
reliability,speed,andsecurityareofutmost
importance.

4. What is Wireless?
Wireless refers to the method of transferring
information or data between computing
deviceswithout a physical or wires
connection.
Thedistancebetweendevicescouldbe:
•Short distance: a few meters as in TV remote control or
Bluetooth connection.
•Long distance :thousands or millions of kilometers for
radio communications.

5. What is Wireless Communications?
Wirelesscommunicationissimplydatacommunication
withouttheuseoflandlines.
Transmittingandreceivingdatausingelectromagnetic
wavesinopenspace.
Theinfofromthesendertothereceiveriscarriedtoovera
welldefinedchannel.
Eachchannelhasafixedfrequencybandwidth&
capacity(bitrate).
Differentchannelscanbeusedtotransmitinfoinparallelor
independently.

6. What is a Mobile?
•A mobile is a portable telephone that does
not use a wired connection. It connects to
a wireless carries network using waves.
•A mobile simple describes a computing
device that is not restricted to a desktop or
a fixed position.

7. What is Mobile Communications?
Itisatechnologythatallowstransmissionofdata
viaacomputerwithouthavingtobeconnectedtoa
fixedphysicallinkorafixednetworksuchas
Bluetooth.
Notallwirelesscommunicationsaremobile
communications.
Forexample,lasersareusedinwirelessdata
transferbetweenbuildings,butcannotbeusedin
mobilecommunicationatthistime.
Inthistechnology,transmitterandreceiverwill
remainatafixedpositionbutifanyonechanges
itslocation,thecommunicationmaybelost.

8. Why Wireless Communications?
•People nowadays need and want instant communication.
At the same time, they do not want to stick to their desks or
offices.
•What they want is a communication at any where and any
time, even when they are on move.
•The solution for complete mobility is wireless
communications.
•Wireless communications can make significant difference
in your productivity, responsiveness to the customer.
•Wireless communications can reduce or eliminate cabling
cost and relocate devices without needing to rewire your
facilities.

9. Wireless Communications Advantages
Mobility:
Wireless networks provide real-time information access to
users from anywhere in their area.
The mobility supports productivity and service
opportunities, which not possible with wired networks.
Installation Speed & Simplicity:
Installation a wireless network system can be fast and easy
and can eliminate the need to pull cable through walls and
ceilings.
Installation Flexibility:
Wireless technology allows a network to exist where wired
can not be.

10. Reduced Cost of Ownership:
While the initial investment requires wireless
network hardware can be higher than the cost of
wired.
N/W hardware overall installation expenses and life-
cycle costs can be significantly lower.
Long term cost benefits are greatest in dynamic
environments requiring frequent moves and changes.
Scalability:
Wireless systems can be configured in a variety of
topologies to meet the need of specific applications
and installations.

11. Wireless Communications Disadvantages
Security:
•Because a wireless device transmits radio signals over a
broad area, security becomes a major concern.
•Because much of a business network traffic may contain
sensitive information, this is a real concern for many
users.
•some technology have a solution for this problem by
encoding or encrypting the data transmitted between the
access point and the wireless device in such a way that
only the recipient can decode the message.

12. Health Risks:
•Wirelessdevicescontainradiotransmittersand
receiversthatemitradiofrequency(RF)energy.
•Typically,thesewirelessdevicesemitlowlevelsof
RFwhilebeingused.
•ScientistsknowthathighlevelsofRFcanproduce
biologicaldamagethroughheatingeffects.(Thisishow
amicrowaveoveniscookingfood.)
Signal Interference:
•Becausewirelessdevicesoperateusingradiosignals,
thepotentialfortwotypesofsignalinterference
exists.

13. Wireless Communications Applications
•Education.
•Defense and Military.
•Home Entertainments.
•Vehicle and Road Traffic.
•Emergency Services.
•Internet of Things IoT.
•Healthcare.
•Etc…

14. Wireless Communications Systems
•Radar Systems.
•Satellite Systems.
•Cellular Systems.

15. Radar Systems
Radar (stands for "Radio Detection and Ranging”)
consists of a transmitter and a receiver.
Radar systems use radio waves to detect and
locate objects by transmitting electromagnetic
waves and analyzing the reflected signals.
They can detect presence, distance, speed, and
direction of objects by measuring the time delay
and Doppler shift of the returning signal.

16. Advantages:
-Operate in diverse weather conditions.
-Provide real-time information.
-Long-range capabilities.
-Can penetrate various materials.
Disadvantages:
-Difficulty in distinguishing closely spaced objectsdetecting
small targets.
-Performance can be affected by certain weather conditions
such as heavy rain or extreme turbulence.
-. Signals attenuate when they pass through certain
materials, such as dense vegetation, buildings, or terrain.
-Radar systems can be complex and costly to develop,
install, and maintain.

17. Applications:
•Law Enforcement
•Aviation in air traffic control.
•Weather Monitoring.
•Automotive such as advanced driver-assistance
systems (ADAS).
•Defense and Military.
•Space Exploration
.

18. Wireless Communication Technologies
Radio Waves
Microwave
Infrared wave
Bluetooth
Wi-Fi
Wi-Max
ZIGBEE

19. Radio waves
Radio wave is a type of wireless communication that
transfer data by electromagnetic wave on free space .
In radio waves Electromagnetic wave ranging in
frequencies between 3KHz and 1GHz.
Radio wave are omnidirectional. In other word the
antenna transmits the wave in all direction.
Radio wave type are sky wave, groundwave
Radio wave can penetrates the walls in contrast to
microwave and infrared waves, why?
•The omnidirectional characteristic of radio waves make
them useful for multicasting.
•Example :FM radio, AM radio, and television.

20. Microwaves waves
•

21. Microwaves Applications:
Due to unidirectional properties of microwave . It is useful
in unicast (on-to-one) communications.
Wireless communication (Cell phone ,WLAN,…)
Rader systems.
Satellite systems.
Navigation systems.

22. Infrared waves
Infrared band is between 300GHzand 400THz.
The propagation is line-of-sight.
Infrared signals are used in short-range communication
or in closed area.
Infrared signal cannot penetrate walls.
Infrared signal have very low performance at out door.
Infrared Applications
•Used in remote control such as TV remote
•Used in PAN networks.

23. Bluetooth
Wirelesstechnologyforshort-range
communicationbetweendevices.
Allowsdeviceslikesmartphone,laptops,
tablets,andperipheralstoconnectandshare
data.
Operatesonradiofrequency,transmitting
dataupto100meters.
Enablesecure,reliableinformation
exchange.

24. Wi-Fi
Createswirelesslocalareanetworks
(WLANs)upto100meters.
Uses2.4GHzand5GHzradiowavesto
connectdevices.
Offershigh-speeddatatransferforstreaming,
gaming,andvideoconferencing.
Commonlyfoundinhomes,offices,cafes,and
publicspaces.

25. Wi-MAX
Provides wireless internet access.
Operates in higher frequency bands (2.5 GHz to 3.8
GHz).
Covers a wider range, up to 50 kilometers.
Offers faster speeds than traditional Wi-Fi.
Requires specialized equipment and infrastructure.
Often used as an alternative to traditional wired
broadband.

26. Zigbee
Low-Power Communication in Sensor
Networks and Home Automation
• Utilizes 2.4 GHz frequency band with mesh
network topology.
• Allows data relay through multiple hops,
extending range.
• Known for energy efficiency and reliability.
• Often used in smart homes and building
automation systems.

27. Zigbee

28. Comparison
Feature Wi-Fi WiMAX Zigbee
Type WLAN Wide Area Network Wireless Sensor Network
Range
Up to 100
meters
Up to 50 kilometers Up to 30 meters
Frequency
Band
2.4 GHz & 5
GHz
2.5 GHz to 3.8 GHz 2.4 GHz
Data Rate High speed Higher speed than Wi-FiLow
Power
Consumption
High Moderate Low
Typical
Applications
Internet access,
streaming,
gaming
Broadband internet
access in underserved
areas
Home automation, sensor
networks

29. Areas of Research in Mobile
Communications
Wireless Communication
◦transmission quality (bandwidth, error rate, delay)
◦modulation, coding, interference
◦media access, regulations
Mobility
◦location dependent services
◦location transparency
◦quality of service support (delay, jitter, security)
•Portability
•power consumption
•limited computing power, sizes of display, ...
•usability

30. Application
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Medium
Data Link
Physical
Application
Transport
Network
Data Link
Physical
Data Link
Physical
Network Network
Radio
Simple Reference Model used here