WORK SIMPLIFICATION TECHNIQUES.pptx

Work Simplification Techniques in Occupational Therapy

1. PRINCIPLES OF WORK SIMPLIFICATION Shamima Akter B.Sc ( Hons ) in Occupational Therapy & Masters in Rehabilitation Science (enrolling) Assistant Professor Department of occupational therapy Bangladesh health professions institute (BHPI)

2. Principle 1 Use both hands to work with symmetrical motions when possible

3. Principle 2 Lay out work areas within normal reach. Work where the areas of both hands overlap and arrange supplies in a semicircle within easy reach. Plan storage within normal reaching ranges in the working area. Arrange storage at first point of use; have extras of the things you need at more than one work centre, for example, measuring cups, spoons, knives, and so on. Create fixed workstations where there is a designated location for each job so that supplies and equipment can always be kept there ready for immediate use.

4. Principle 3 Slide heavy objects rather than lifting and carrying. For example, slide pots from sink to range. Use a wheeled cart if counters are not contiguous.

5. Principle 4 Avoid holding and grasping; instead, use utensils that rest firmly or suction cups or clamps, so both hands are free to work.

6. Principle 5 Let gravity work for you by using a laundry chute, refuse chute, gravity-fed flour and sugar bins, or a pan below the level of a cutting board.

7. Principle 6 Store small tools so that they are in the proper position to grasp and start working immediately. Store the beater so its handle can be grasped in the left hand without shifting.

8. Principle 7 Create efficient storage by using a pegboard on the wall with hooks for hanging, magnetic racks for knives and utensils storage, step shelves to maximize tight spaces with less reaching, and vertical storage racks.

9. Principle 8 Have machine controls and switches within easy reach. Change the location and position of the switches by using extension cords and minimize unplugging and plugging by using a multiplug outlet or extension cord with a single on-off switch.

10. Principle 9 Whenever possible, sit to work in a comfortable chair and adjust the work surface or chair height for upright posture and forearm support. When you are seated, place feet flat on the floor or use a footrest. Use a chair with back support, especially in the lower back, use a support cushion where needed, and slope the seat slightly to the back so that you do not slide forward. Ensure enough knee room to allow you to face the job to be done.

11. Principle 10 Use the height appropriate for you, the worker, as well the job. Jobs requiring hand activity need a higher work surface than those requiring arm motion or pressure. Since body proportions differ, use individualized measurements when possible. The arms and shoulders of a seated or standing person should be relaxed without raising hands above the level of elbows. A work surface a few inches lower than the elbows allows a person to work without hunching the shoulders and enables proper leverage for the work to be done.

12. Principle 11 Create pleasant working conditions with a minimum of stress and strain. Neutral lighting, halogen lighting, adequate ventilation, comfortable clothing, pleasing colors and music, windows looking onto natural settings, and organization of the environment facilitate this goal.