Working at Heights safety t16Oct'10.pptx

Process of working at height.

1. health, safety, security & environmental (HSSE) in-house TRAINING Duration : 2 HOURS COURSE TITLE WORKING AT HEIGHTS

2. COURSE OUTLINE 1.0 INTRODUCTION 2.0 OBJECTIVES 3.0 DEFINITION 4.0 WORKING AT HEIGHTS INCIDENT 5.0 FACTORS OF FALL HAZARD 6.0 FALL PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 7.0 SAFE WORK PRACTICES 8.0 SUMMARY

3. INTRODUCTION Over 40% of major injury or incidents on construction sites involve falls from heights. It needs to be emphasized, however, that there is no safe height; anyone who is off the ground is at risk of falling. The hazard exists on working platforms, scaffolds, ladders, open steelwork and any area where work is being done in proximity to fragile materials, openings, holes and roof edges, etc..

4. At the end of the session, Trainees will be able to identify hazards when working at elevated areas. Understand the importance of using Personal Fall Arrest System and its advantages. Factors to be considered when using the PFAS. Will understand and comply with the scaffold and ladder safety requirements. Will understand the requirements and procedures when working at elevated areas. Be authorized to perform activity at elevated areas. OBJECTIVES

5. WORKING AT HEIGHTS is defined as any activity that will be performed at an elevation of 1.8 meters or greater above grade level or the lowest point on a slope. DEFINITION

6. Employee was operating an aerial lift, with an extendable boom rotating work platform. The boom was fully extended and the machine apparently ran over some bricks, causing the boom to flex or spring, throwing the employee from the basket. The employee fell 37 feet to a concrete surface. Moving Elevated Platform Working at heights incident

7. A laborer was working on the third level of a tubular welded frame scaffold which was wet due to rains. The scaffold was not fully decked, there was no guardrail and no access ladder. The worker slipped and fell head first 20 feet to the pavement below. Working at heights incident Wet Platform & No Guardrail

8. Persons working at elevated area has a High Risk of falling. Working at heights incident

9. FACTORS OF FALL HAZARD moving from one surface to another at heights uncovered holes and openings open edges not barricaded uneven surfaces moving surfaces poor lighting unsuitable foot wear slippery surfaces wind and rain being struck by falling objects incorrectly using a ladder incorrectly using fall arresting equipment

10. 1 st , Fall Elimination (Design / Engineering Stages) 2 nd , Fall Prevention (Guardrails/Barriers/Travel restrictions) 3 rd , Fall Arresting (Use of Fall Arresting Equipment) Systematic approach to protect Worker from FALL HAZARDS Fall protection requirements

11. Fall protection requirements FALL ELIMINATION The first step is to assess the workplace and the work itself in the earliest design / engineering stages of the project and during the planning stages of all work. This assessment of the workplace and the work not only helps eliminate hazards, but also identifies alternative approaches to the work that can measurably enchance productivity.

12. Fall protection requirements The second step in continuous fall protection also requires assessing the workplace and work processess. Installation of stairs , guardrails , barriers, and travel restriction system. FALL PREVENTION

13. SAFETY NET SYSTEMS are used when workers are working above open vessels to catch debris. The safety net and canopy design must be approved by a competent engineer and the installation must be certified by a competent engineer. Scaff tag system must be used for inspection. Fall protection requirements FALL PREVENTION

14. Personal Fall Arrest System means a system used to arrest an employee in a fall from a working level. It consists of an anchorage , connectors , body harness and may include a lanyard, deceleration device, lifeline, or suitable combinations of these . Fall protection requirements FALL ARRESTING

15. Waist belts or safety belts are not allowed. The attachment point on a full body harness is a D-ring on your upper back. The full body harness must be meet the requirements of American National Standards Institute (ANSI). Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

16. Life Line (Wire Rope) Full Body Harness Hook Chest Strap Lanyard Personal Fall Arrest System Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

17. WHY WAIST BELTS ARE NOT SAFE If you fall, the high force of the fall is concentrated at your waist rather than 6 points of a full body harness. Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

18. A safety harness: • stops the fall and spreads the impact shock over a large area of the body. • allows a fall to be stopped or arrested without causing bodily injury . Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

19. The safety harness must be attached to: a lanyard with a built in shock absorber a self-retracting lanyard. The other end of the lanyard must be securely attached to a static line or anchor point. Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

20. REMEMBER GROIN ENTRAPMENT Check for the twisted strap. The leg straps should be positioned and fitted properly so that GROIN ENTRAPMENT does not occur during arresting force. Groin Entrapment is a serious injury. NO Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

21. DAMAGED DROPLINE DO NOT USE DAMAGED DROPLINES Fall protection requirements Cont’n…

22. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (EXCAVATION) Why Excavations is also considered as Work at Heights? 1.2 metres CONFINED SPACE Use the proper access.

23. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (EXCAVATION) Set up barriers or barricades around the edges of the excavation. Place warning signs to warn people of the excavation. Divert traffic away from the excavation area Install flashing amber lights for night-time warning.

24. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (SCAFFOLD) Fall Protection Each employee on a scaffold 1.8 meters or more above a lower level will be protected from falling to that lower level. Personal fall arrest systems used on scaffolds will be attached to a lanyard, horizontal lifeline, or scaffold structural member. Responsible supervisor are required to provide fall protection for employees erecting or dismantling supported scaffolds where the installation and use of such protection is feasible and does not create a greater hazard.

25. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (SCAFFOLD) Cont’n… Guardrails systems shall comply with the following provisions; Top rail – installed between 38” and 45” Mid rail – installed at a height approximately midway between the top edge of the guardrail system and the platform surface.

26.  Keep walkways free of obstacles, tools and equipment.  Keep platforms free of grease and mud.  Climb from one level to another using the ladders provided.  Use a crane, hoist or winch to carry materials up to and down from the scaffold. YOU SHOULD NEVER:  exceed the safe working load of the scaffold;  stand or sit on the rails; or work from a defective scaffold.  never modify a scaffold. x x SAFE WORK PRACTICES (SCAFFOLD) Cont’n…

27. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (SCAFFOLD) When working from a mobile tower scaffold make sure: • it is no higher than four times the smallest base width; • outriggers are fitted where necessary; and • caster brakes are locked on. You must not be on the scaffold while it is being moved. Only use this type of scaffold on level, surface areas. Cont’n…

28. Unsecured Platforms Incomplete Platforms SAFE WORK PRACTICES (SCAFFOLD)

29. The most commonly used and abused equipment for working at heights is the Portable ladder. Ladder is properly secured in an approved manner, otherwise, somebody will hold the lower part ensure that it will not move or slip Must be inspected and color-coded. Set at correct angle (75 degree) and elevated 1 meter above landing platform. Landing area free from any obstruction. Two-persons not allowed to access ladder at the same time. Workers using ladder must maintain proper position. DO NOT OVER-REACH . ` SAFE WORK PRACTICES (ladder)

30. Barricade under and around the Elevating Work Platform. Place all tools and equipment in bags or buckets. ENTER/EXIT only at the basket gate Keep the basket gate closed and locked while working inside the basket. Wear a Full Body Harness attached to an anchor point inside the basket. Keep the front of the basket within 300 mm of the work area. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (ELEVATED WORK PLATFORM)

31. WARNING LINE SYSTEM means a barrier erected on a roof to warn employees that they are approaching an unprotected roof side or edge, and which designates an area in which roofing work may take place without the use of guardrail, body harness, or safety net systems to protect employees in the area. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (ELEVATED WORK AREA)

32. 100% tie-off Above shoulder Strong enough Not in conduit Not in electrical cable Not in air ducts Not in valve handles Not in chain blocks Snap Hook attached to lanyards shall be of double action / locking design. ANCHORAGE means a secure point of attachment for lifelines, lanyards or deceleration devices. SAFE WORK PRACTICES (ELEVATED WORK PLATFORM)

33. CONNECTOR means a device which is used to couple (connect) parts of the personal fall arrest system and positioning device systems together. It may be an independent component of the system, such as a carabineer, or it may be an integral component of part of the system (such as a buckle or D-ring sewn into a body belt or body harness, or a snap-hook spliced or sewn to a lanyard or self-retracting lanyard). SAFE WORK PRACTICES (ELEVATED WORK PLATFORM)

34. Serious injury or death can easily result from working at heights incidents. Ladders are a means of access from one height to another and are not intended to be a temporary work platform. If a ladder is used to carry out brief and light tasks you must maintain a three point of contact with the ladder at all times. Scaffolds, mobile elevating work platforms and forklift cages should be used for working at heights, where there is no fixed work platform . SUMMARY

35. Always check the condition of the equipment before it is used. Never exceed the Safe Working Load of scaffolding or mobile work platforms. Fall arrest safety harnesses should be worn whenever as other means of protection, such as guard railing, is impractical and to provide additional fall arrest protection. SUMMARY

36. ANY QUESTIONS? Thank you & Have a safe day “I WON’T WORK IF IT’S UNSAFE”