Working Memory Model - Sunwoo, Marz

1. Sunwoo Park, Marjolein Stevens
Working Memory
Model

2. •In 1974, created by Alan Baddeley and
Graham
•To explain how the Short Term Memory
works
o‘Multi store’ model was too simplistic.
•Dual task paradigms
oPerforming two tasks using two different perceptual domains
is efficient.
oBUT performing two tasks using the same perceptual domain
is less efficient than performing one task.
Background information

3. •Central executive
•Phonological loop
•Visuo-spatial sketchpad
•Episodic Buffer
Working Memory Model
Slave Systems

4. Working Memory Model

5. •Supervisory system
•Controls the cognitive process
oControls, manipulates, and processes the information that
flow from and to slave systems (Phonological loop and Visuo-
spatial sketchpad)
•Gathers information from different
sources
•Organize the slave systems
•Shifts between tasks
•Selective attention
Central Executive

6. •Sound and verbal information
•Vital for learning languages
•Two parts
oPhonological store (inner ear)
Uses sound based code to store information
Information decays after 2 seconds, unless it is rehearsed
by the articulatory process
oArticulatory rehearsal component (inner voice)
Can revive the memory traces
Rehearses information verbally by repeating it
Time based capacity: 2 seconds
Phonological Loop

7. •Temporary storage and process of visual
information
oE.g. Remembering shapes and colors, or the location
•Three components
oVisual components
oSpatial components
oKinesthetic (movement) components
Visuo-spatial Sketchpad

8. •In 2000, Episodic Buffer was added by
Baddeley
•Connects information across domains to
for unity of visual, spatial, and verbal
information with chronological ordering
•Connected to long term memory
Episodic Buffer

9. •Elaborates on short term memory: instead of
short term memory being static storage of
information, becomes dynamic
•Involves both active processing and
temporary storage of information
•Is involved in all complex tasks
•Includes verbal rehearsal as an optional
process
-> More realistic than the enormous significance
within the ‘Multi store’ model
•Integrates a large amount of findings from
work on short term and working memory
Strengths of Working Memory
Model

10. •The role of central executive remain
unclear and difficult to test.
•Is hard to measure limited capacity
•Precise constraints of central executive
function are unknown.
•Episodic buffer has not been investigated
extensively and its functions remain
unclear.
Limitations of Working Memory Model

11. •Seeing as the learning perspective
ignores mental processes completely,
working memory model discredit the
learning theory.
oThe mental process and the mental repetition of the word
were so influential on the outcome of the experiment of
working memory model.
•Developed entirely independently from
the psychodynamic approach.
Comparing and Contrasting with
Other Perspectives

12. •http://www.absoluteastronomy.com/topics
/Baddeley
%27s_Model_of_Working_Memory
•http://alevelpsychology.co.uk/cognitive-
psychology/memory/working-memory-
baddeley-a-hitch-1974.html
•http://cranepsych.com/Psych/Working_m
emory_evaluation.pdf
•http://www.adppucrs.com.br/informativo/
CONTRIBUTIONS.pdf
Bibliography