World health organisation

world health organisation(WHO)

1. WORLD
HEALTH
ORGANIZATION
By Dr. Sumita Sharma
DeptofCommunityMedicine

2. The Global
Guardian Of
Public Health
Who is WHO?

3. •The world health organization (WHO) is a specialized non political
multilateral agency of the united nations concerned with global publichealth.
•The organization is the directing and coordinating
authority on international public healthmatters
•It was established on 7 April 1948 by the united nations;
a date celebrated each year as world healthday.
•The WHO headquarters is located at Geneva,
Switzerland.
WHO

4. BACKGROUND
•The world health organization was the result of several efforts to establish a
single world wide inter-governmental healthagency.
•A series of sanitary conferences were held in Europe in the the 19th century to
coordinate policy and practice around disease management and quarantine
practices following a wave of severe choleraepidemics.
•The first international sanitary conference took place in1851.
•In 1902 the pan American sanitary bureau wasformed
•In 1923 the league of nations established a healthorganization

5. •In 1945 the united nations was formed at a conference in San Francisco. A motion at the
united nations by the Brazilian and Chinese delegates to establish an international health
organization was unanimouslyaccepted.
•The constitution of the new health organization was drawn up in 1946 at an international
health conference held in newYork.
•After the WHO constitution was accepted and ratified by the required number of united
nations member states, the organization came into formal existence on 7 April1948.
•7thApril –a date we now celebrate every year as World Health Day.

6. ACHIEVMENTS OF WHO; historical landmarks
•WHO begins its first two decades with a strong focus on mass campaigns against tuberculosis,
malaria, yaws, syphilis, smallpox and leprosy, among other communicable diseases transmitted from
person to person or animals to people.
•1950-
Antibiotics
•1952-1957
Polio vaccine
•1963 -
MMR vaccine
1979-Following an ambitious 12-year global vaccination
campaign led by WHO, smallpox is eradicated.
1987-First antiretroviral medication to control
HIV infection
1995-The DOTS strategy is launched. At end 2013, more
than 37 million lives had been saved through TB
diagnosis and treatment under this strategy.

7. 1999 -GAVI
2000 -The GOARN
2003-Convention on tobacco control
2005-
The International Health Regulations are revised, giving countries clear and tested
guidelines for reporting disease outbreaks and other public health emergencies to
WHO and triggering response systems to isolate and contain threats.
2006 -The number of children who die before their fifth birthday declines below 10
million for the first time in recent history.
2008-
New evidence of heart disease and stroke prompts WHO to strengthen
its focus on noncommunicable diseases.

8. 2009-The emergence of the new H1N1 influenza virus .WHO works with collaborating
centres and pharmaceutical industries to develop influenza vaccines in record time.
2014-WHO Secretariat activates a response to Ebola outbreak, deploying thousands of
technical experts and support staff and medical equipment; mobilizing foreign medical
teams and coordinating creation of mobile laboratories and treatment centres.
2015-SDGs move beyond the MDGs.
2016-WHO announces zero cases of Ebola in West Africa
Zika virus a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

9. Values of WHO
TRUSTED TO SERVE PUBLIC HEALTH AT ALL TIMES
PROFESSIONALS COMMITTED TO EXCELLENCE IN
HEALTH
PERSONS OF INTEGRITY
COLLABORATIVE COLLEAGUES AND PARTNERS
PEOPLE CARING ABOUT PEOPLE

10. STAKEHOLDERS OF WHO
•Engagement with United Nations at the global, regional, and country
level ; a major asset.
•Ministries of Health
•Government agencies
•Foundations
•Intragovernmental
•Nongovernmental organizations
•Civil society
•Media
•Professional associations and
•WHO collaborating centres.

11. WHO at a glance
>194 Member States
>Headquarters in Geneva
>6 regional offices
>More than 150 country offices
>More than 700 institutions supporting WHO’s work
>More than 7000 staff
>Medical doctors, public health specialists, scientists ,epidemiologists, people
trained to manage administrative, financial, and information systems, as well as
experts in the fields of health statistics, economics and emergency relief.

12. INCUMBENT DIRECTORGENERAL
DR TEDROS ADHANOMPHDCountry of origin -Ethiopia
•Assumed office 1 July2017•Incumbent director general ofwho.•Politician, academic, andpublic-
Healthauthority•Global leader on malaria, HIV/AIDS, maternal and child
health•Minister of health of Ethiopia from 2005 to 2012 ,
minister of foreign affairs of Ethiopia from 2012 to2016.

14. OBJECTIVE OFWHO
•The objective of the WHO as set out in the constitution is the attainment by all
peoples of the highest possible level ofhealth.
•The current objective of the WHO is the attainment by all people of the world
of a level of health that will permit them to lead socially and economically
productivelives.
•The WHO defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease orinfirmity”

15. Providing
leadership
on matters
crucial to
health and
engaging in
partnerships
where joint
action is
needed
Shaping the
research
agenda and
stimulating
the
generation ,
translation
&
dissemination
of valuable
knowledge
Monitoring
the health
situation
and
assessing
health
trends
Providing
technical
support
catalyzing
change and
building
sustainable
institutional
capacity
Articulating
ethical and
evidence
based
policy
options
Setting
norms and
standards
and
promoting
and
monitoring
their
implementa
tion
Core
Functions
of WHO

16. MAIN WORKING AREAS OFWHO
1.Prevention and control of specificdiseases
2.Development of comprehensive healthservices
3.Familyhealth
4.Environmental health
5.Healthstatistics
6.Bio-medicalresearch
7.Health literature andinformation
8.Cooperation with otherorganizations

17. WORLD
HEALTH
ASSEMBLY
(Parliament)
EXECUTIVE
BOARDSECRETARIAT
MEMBER
COUNTRIES
(193)
REGIONS(6)

18. •It is the Supreme governing body of the organization.
•It meets annually generally in the month of Mayin
headquarterGeneva.
•To determine international health policy andprogram
•To review the work of pastyear.
•To approve thebudget.
•To elect member state to designate a person to serve for 3 year
on executive board.
•Supervises the financial policies of the organization and
reviews and approves the proposed programbudget
17–21 May 2020:Geneva
Seventy-third World Health Assembly

19. •Now there are 34members.
•At least 3 members elected from eachregion.
•They are composed of Technically qualified persons in the field ofHealth.
•The board meets at least twice ayear.
•3 –8 February 2020:Geneva
Executive Board: 146th session
•The main function of board is to give effect to the decisions and policies of the
assembly.
•It has also power to take action in an emergency such as epidemics,
earthquakes, floodsetc.

20. •Secretariat is Headed by the Director General who is the chief of technical and
administrative officer of the organization.
•There are 5 assistant Director General and there responsibility is assigned by DG
in differentDivisions.
1.Epidemiological surveillance and health situationand trendassessment
2.CommunicableDisease
3.Vector biology andcontrol
4.EnvironmentalHealth
5.Public information and education forhealth
6.Diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitativetechnology

21. 7.Mentalhealth
8.Strengthening of healthservices
9.Familyhealth
10.Noncommunicabledisease
11.Health manpowerdevelopment
12.Information systemsupports
13.Personal and generalservices
14.Budget andfinance

22. )
REGIONHEADQUARTER
1.South East AsiaNew Delhi(India)
2.AfricaHarare (Zimbabwe)
3. TheAmericasWashington D.C(U.S.A)
4.EuropeCopenhagen(Denmark)
5. EasternMediterraneanAlexandria(Egypt)
6. WesternPacificManila(Philippines

23. INDIA is member ofSEAR
ØHead quarter in newDelhi
ØThe SEAR has now 11members:-
1.BHUTAN.
2.BANGLADESH.
3.INDIA.
4.INDONESIA.
5.MALDIVES.
6.ISLANDS.
7.MYANMAR.
8.KOREA.
9.NEPAL.
10.SRILANKA.
11.THAILAND.

24. •The activities of WHO in India and south east Asia region are as follow:-
1.Eradication ofmalaria
2.Control of TB and communicabledisease
3.RCH (Reproductive And ChildHealth)
4.Healthstatistics
5.Dentalhealth
6.Health laboratory services
7.Public healthadministration
8.Medicalrehabilitation.
9.Qualities and control ofdrugs.
10.Helps in medical and nursingeducation.
11.Manufactures ofvaccines.

25. •Membership into WHO is open to allcountries.
•All countries that are part of the UN are also members of WHO,
with the exception of Switzerland as an example of a country
which is part of WHO but not theUN

26. Who pays for WHO?
SOURCES OFFUNDING
•WHO is financed in part by dues paid by Member States.
•The amount each Member State must pay is calculated
relative to the country’s wealth and population.
•Additional financing comes from voluntary contributions
which, in recent years, have accounted for more than three-
quarters of the Organization’s financing.
•Voluntary contributions come from Member States and
partner organizations such as foundations and civil society.
•Contributions from the private sector, usually in the form of
in-kind donations, provide less than 1% of WHO’s
financing.

27. Overview of
WHO’s thirteenth
General
Programme Of
Work 2019−2023:
strategic priorities
and shifts

30. Increasing human capital throughout life through an integrated set of
evidence-based interventions

31. WHO’s impact and accountability framework

32. World health day theme-2020
”Year of the Nurse and Midwife”

33. THANK YOU