Wwi Notes

1. The Great War:The Great War:
World War IWorld War I
Chapter 19

2. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
CausesCauses
NationalismNationalism MilitarismMilitarism Alliance SystemAlliance SystemImperialismImperialism

3. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•Nationalism: a person’s loyalty should
be to their nation first
–many new nations were created in Eastern
Europe prior to WWI

4. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•Imperialism
–How does building empires create the
conditions for major wars?

5. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•Militarism: development of armed
forces and uses them for “diplomacy”

6. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•Alliance System- pg. 581
–Triple Entente (the “Allies”)
•France
•Britain
•Russia
–Triple Alliance (“Central Powers”)
•Germany
•Austria-Hungary
•Ottoman Empire
•Italy

7. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•The “powder keg of Europe”
–The Balkans
•Archduke Franz Ferdinand
–Heir to the Austria-Hungarian
throne
–A-H took Bosnia in 1878
–Bosnian nationalists always
resisting A-H rule

8. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•The “powder keg of Europe”
–The Balkans
•Archduke Franz Ferdinand
–Assassinated by Gavrilo Princip
»Serbian nationalist

9. Causes of the WarCauses of the War
•The assassination activates alliance
system

10. Fighting the War
•A new kind of fighting
–First war to use modern weapons with
major casualty capabilities

11. PARTICIPATION
Look throughout Chapter 19.
List as many new WWI
technologies/weapons as you can.

12. Fighting the War
•A new kind of fighting
–First war to use modern weapons with
major casualty capabilities
•Machine gun
•Airplane
•Poison gas/gas masks
•Tanks
•Submarines
•Barbed wire
•Trenches

14. Fighting the War
•Trench Warfare- pg. 582
–Fighting style couldn’t keep up with
weapons
•Dig in to avoid fire
•No man’s land: barren, cratered land between
enemy trenches

15. ASSIGNMENT
page 586 #1, 3-4

16. America Joins the War
•Reasons for getting involved:
1.Needed to help our Allies
2.Sinking of the Lusitania
•Unrestricted submarine warfare
3.Zimmerman Note

17. America During the War
•The army
–Selective Service Act: draft
•War Industries Board:
–Eliminate waste, encourage mass
production
–Daylight Savings Time

18. America During the War
•Supplies
–Use mass production
–U.S. citizens cut back for the war effort
•“meatless and wheatless” days
•“lightless nights”
•Corsets for steel

19. America During the War
•WWI Propaganda
–Committee on Public Information: made
the war popular by influencing ppl’s
thoughts and actions

20. America During the War
•National War Labor Board
–“Work or fight”
•Extremely effective
–Supplies to troops and refugees increased

21. America During the War
•Great Migration:
–Large-scale movement of southern blacks
to northern cities
•Escape racial discrimination
•Weevil infestation caused southern crops to
fail
•looking for jobs in northern factories

22. America During the War
•War decreases individual freedom
–Anti-immigration mobs
•Especially against Germans, Russians, etc.
–Espionage and Sedition Acts:
•Person could be fined/jailed for saying
anything disloyal to American government or
undermining war effort

23. How the Allies Won
•American helps to win the war
–Convoy system: guard of destroyers
escort merchant ships
–Offered fresh perspective and enthusiastic
new troops

24. How the Allies Won
1.Russia pulled out of the war
–Russian Revolution in 1917
2.Germany made a mistake by going to
France
–U.S. troops arrived just in time
3.Austria-Hungary surrendered in 1918
4.German sailors mutinied, kaiser gave
up throne
–Germany to weak to continue

25. How the Allies Won
•War ended on November 11, 1918
–Germany signed an armistice: agreement
to end fighting

26. Treaty of Versailles
•Wilson’s Fourteen Points:
–No secret treaties
–Freedom of the seas
–Free trade
–Arms reduction
–Rights of colonial people should be
considered
–League of Nations: a place for nations to
discuss problems without war

27. Treaty of Versailles
•Allies rejected 14 Points
–Except the League of Nations
•Provisions of Treaty of Versailles:
•Nine new nations
•Germany cannot keep an army
•Germany must pay $33 billion in war
reparations
•War-guilt clause: Germany had to take sole
responsibility for causing WWI
•Ignored rights for colonized people

28. PARTICIPATION
•What do you think are the biggest
consequences of the war? (try to get at
least 3)