YEAR 7 BASIC TECH (CERAMICS PLASTIC AND RUBBER) WEEK 2.pptx

Basic technology for Grade 7 for second term

1. YEAR 7 CERAMICS, PLASTIC AND RUBBER:

2. LESSON OBJECTIVE : At the end of the class, pupils should be able to know ; Types of ceramics & uses of ceramics Common uses of plastics & methods of processing plastics

3. A ceramic is an inorganic non-metallic solid made up of either metal or non-metal compounds that have been shaped and then hardened by heating to high temperatures. In general, they are hard, corrosion-resistant and brittle. 'Ceramic' comes from the Greek word meaning ‘pottery’. The clay-based domestic wares, art objects and building products are familiar to us all, but pottery is just one part of the ceramic world. Nowadays the term ‘ceramic’ has a more expansive meaning and includes materials like glass, advanced ceramics and some cement systems as well.

4. TYPES AND USES OF CERAMICS EARTHENWARE  is used extensively for pottery tableware and decorative objects. It is one of the oldest materials used in pottery. The clay is fired at relatively low temperatures producing a slightly porous, coarse product. To overcome its porosity, the fired object is covered with finely ground glass powder suspended in water (glaze) and is then fired a second time. Faience, Delft and majolica are examples of earthenware

5. STONEWARE  clay is fired at a high temperature until it is made glass-like. Because stoneware is non-porous, glaze is applied only for decoration. It is a sturdy, chip-resistant and durable material suitable for use in the kitchen for cooking, baking, storing liquids and as serving dishes.

6. PORCELAIN  Porcelain is a very hard, translucent white ceramic. The earliest forms of porcelain originated in China around 1600BC, and by 600AD, Chinese porcelain was a prized commodity with Arabian traders. Because porcelain was associated with China and often used to make plates, cups, vases and other works of fine art, it often goes by the name of ‘fine china'.

7. PLASTICS AND RUBBERS Plastics and rubber materials are both made from the same families of POLYMERS . The polymers are mixed with a complex blend of materials known as  additives . Rubbers are  elastomers , these are polymers with an elastic property. This elasticity differentiates rubbers from plastics. Elastic means that the material can be stretched and, when released, returns to within at least 90% of its original dimensions and shape within a period of time, at room temperature.

8. USES OF PLASTIC Plastics are used in a growing range of applications in the construction industry. They have great versatility and combine excellent strength to weight ratio, durability, cost effectiveness, low maintenance and corrosion resistance which make plastics an economically attractive choice throughout the construction sector.

9. ELECTRICITY Electricity powers almost every aspect of our lives, at home and in our jobs, at work and at play. And everywhere that we find electricity, we also find plastics. In the Kitchen, there are the labor-saving devices that we wouldn’t be without In the; washing machines, microwave ovens, kettles.   In the living room is the television, the video or the music system, while at work, we may use a computer. A fax machine or a telephone. Plastics make progress possible, making electrical goods safer, lighter, more attractive, and quieter. More environmentally friendly and more durable.  

10. PACKAGING Plastics is the perfect material for use in packaging goods.  Plastics is versatile, hygienic, lightweight, flexible and highly durable.  It accounts for the largest usage of plastics worldwide and is used in numerous packaging applications including containers, bottles, drums, trays, boxes, cups and vending packaging, baby products and protection packaging.

11. AUTOMOTIVE Bumpers, dashboards, engine parts, seating and doors ENERGY GENERATION Wind turbines, solar panels and wave booms FURNITURE Bedding, upholstery and household furniture MARINE Boat hulls and sails

12. MEDICAL Syringes, blood bags, tubing, dialysis machines, heart valves, artificial limbs and wound dressing MILITARY Helmets, body armor, tanks, warships, aircraft and communications equipment

13. THANK YOU.