Yellow fever

Yellow fever

1. PRESENTED BY :- MR. ROMAN BAJRANG BASIC BS.C NURSING 2 ND YEAR RELIANCE INSTITUTE OF NURSING PRESENTED BY :- MR. ROMAN BAJRANG BASIC BS.C NURSING 2 ND YEAR RELIANCE INSTITUTE OF NURSING

2. What is Yellow Fever? Yellow Fever is a mosquito-born viral disease that occurs in tropical and subtropical areas. It can occur in males and females of any age. Yellowfever belongs to the Flaviviridae family. The Aedes aegypti is the mosquito that is known to carry the virus.

3. History of yellow fever  Originated in CentralAfrica.  170,000 cases and up to 60,000 deaths.  Spread to east and west Africa, and toAmerica.  First outbreak in Yucatan peninsula, Mexico in 1648.  1975 suspected cases and 258 deaths in Angola in 2015.

4. There are two different transmission types of yellow fever. Urban yellow fever Sylvatic or (Jungle) Yellow fever

5. Urban Yellow Fever:  Disease of humans.  Spread by mosquitos that have been affected by other people.  Causes of most yellow fever outbreaks and epidemics.  1. Yellow fever can spread by coughing, sneezing, breathing, and handshaking.  2. Back then, people who died from yellow fever were thrown out on the streets, this made the city even more contaminated and more people were likely to get ill.

6. Sylvatic (or Jungle) Yellow Fever:  Disease of monkeys.  Starts when the mosquito bites a monkey and starts to spread.  People get infected when they are in the middle of this natural cycle and are bitten by mosquitos that have been infected by monkeys.  It occurs in tropical Central and South America.

7. Symptoms of Yellow Fever  After a victim is struck with the fever, symptoms start to show after three to six days. The time period of this is called the incubation period. Mild Yellow Fever symptoms include fever, headache, bloody nose, nausea, and slow heartbeat. There are about three stages to these symptoms. These symptoms are not always a sign of yellow fever.

8. The First Stage of Symptoms:  High fever (104 degrees)  Headache.  Dizziness.  Seizures (especially in children)  Pain in neck, back, and legs..  Vomiting.  Yellow eyes.  Bloody nose and/or gums

9. The Second stage ( Recovery possible )  After three days the fever and symptoms may get better which begins the second stage.  New symptoms:  Bleeding.  Confusion.  Anuria (complete stop in the production of urine)

10. The Third Stage ( Toxic period )  Fever returns.  Other symptoms:  Jaundice (yellowing of skin and eyes)  Continued nose bleeds.  Heart damage  Coma  Vomiting blood.  Problems in live, kidneys, lungs, or other organs (possibly could lead to kidney failure).

11.  Used since the 1930.  Scientists at the Rockefeller Foundation in New York developed a live vaccine (17D).  The 17D vaccine was first tested in 1936 in New York andin 1937 in Brazil.

12. D i a g n o s i s  Blood tests (PCR) can sometimes detect the virus in the early stages of the disease. In later stages of the disease, testing to identify antibodies is needed (ELISA).

13. Treatment  Patients should be hospitalized for supportive care and close observation  Rest, fluids, and use of pain relievers and medication to reduce fever may relieve symptoms of aching and fever.  Yellow fever patients should be protected from further mosquito exposure for up to 5 days after the onset of fever.

14. T H A N K YO U