YULO, APRIL NADINE A. REPORT EdD ELT 601 LANGUAGE MEANING AND STRUCTURE.pptx

Language Meaning and Structure

1. LANGUAGE: MEANING AND STRUCTURE APRIL NADINE A. YULO Discussant

2. What is language? Language is a complex and fundamental aspect of human communication, and it can be analyzed from various perspectives.

3. Language as a Communication System Structure of Language Levels of Language Analysis Language Acquisition Language Universals and Diversity Language Evolution and Development Language and Culture

4. 1. LANGUAGE AS A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM Language is a system of communication that uses symbols, such as words, sounds, or gestures, to convey meaning .

5. Key Components: Symbols: These are the building blocks of language. Words, letters, phonemes, and even non-verbal cues like facial expressions and body language can be symbols. LANGUAGE AS A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

6. Key Components: Grammar: Grammar encompasses the rules for combining symbols (syntax) and the rules for assigning meaning to them (semantics). LANGUAGE AS A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

7. Key Components: Pragmatics: This refers to the social and contextual aspects of language use, including how language is used in different situations. LANGUAGE AS A COMMUNICATION SYSTEM

8. 2. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE

9. 2. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE Phonology: The study of the sounds in a language. Phonemes are the smallest units of sound that can change the meaning of a word (e.g., changing "bat" to "pat"). STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE

10. 2. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE Morphology: The study of word structure, including prefixes, suffixes, and root words. Morphemes are the smallest units of meaning (e.g., "un-" in "undo"). STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE

11. 2. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE Syntax: The study of sentence structure and word order within sentences (e.g., subject-verb-object). STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE

12. 2. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE Semantics: The study of meaning in language, including how words and sentences convey meaning. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE

13. 2. STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE Pragmatics: The study of how context influences the interpretation of language, including politeness, implicature , and speech acts (e.g., making a request). STRUCTURE OF LANGUAGE

14. 3. LEVELS OF LANGUAGE ANALYSIS Phonetics: Focuses on the physical properties of speech sounds, such as their articulation and acoustic properties. Phonology: Examines the abstract, mental representations of sounds and how they function in a specific language. LEVELS OF LANGUAGE ANALYSIS

15. 3. LEVELS OF LANGUAGE ANALYSIS Morphology: Analyzes the structure of words and how morphemes combine to create meaning. Syntax: Studies the rules governing sentence structure and word order. LEVELS OF LANGUAGE ANALYSIS

16. 3. LEVELS OF LANGUAGE ANALYSIS Semantics: Investigates how words and sentences convey meaning and how meaning can change in different contexts. Pragmatics: Explores the use of language in social and communicative contexts, including the interpretation of implied meaning. LEVELS OF LANGUAGE ANALYSIS

17. 4. LANGUAGE ACQUISITION First Language Acquisition: The process by which children naturally learn their native language(s) without formal instruction. Second Language Acquisition: The process of learning an additional language after the first language(s) has been acquired. LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

18. 5. LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS AND DIVERSITY Universal Grammar: The theory that there is a common underlying structure to all human languages, proposed by Noam Chomsky. Language Families: Languages can be grouped into families based on their historical and structural similarities (e.g., Indo-European, Sino-Tibetan). LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS AND DIVERSITY

19. 6. LANGUAGE EVOLUTION AND DIVERSITY Historical Linguistics: The study of how languages change over time. Language Evolution: Investigates the origins and development of language in human evolution. LANGUAGE UNIVERSALS AND DIVERSITY

20. 7. LANGUAGE AND CULTURE Sociolinguistics: Explores the relationship between language and society, including how language reflects and shapes cultural norms and identities. Dialects and Accents: Regional and social variations in language use. LANGUAGE AND CULTURE

21. CONCLUSION In conclusion, language is a multifaceted system of communication with intricate structures, encompassing phonology, morphology, syntax, semantics, and pragmatics. Its study extends to the acquisition of language, universals, evolution, and its profound connection to culture and society. Understanding language meaning and structure is essential for effective communication and linguistic analysis.

22. LANGUAGE AND COGNITION Language and cognition are closely intertwined aspects of human cognitive abilities, and they have a significant influence on each other.

23. 1. LANGUAGE AS A TOOL FOR COGNITION: Communication of Thoughts: Language serves as a means to express, communicate, and share thoughts, ideas, and information. It allows individuals to externalize their internal cognitive processes.

24. 1. LANGUAGE AS A TOOL FOR COGNITION: Problem Solving: Language can aid in problem-solving by allowing individuals to articulate their thoughts and manipulate abstract concepts through linguistic reasoning.

25. 2. LANGUAGE SHAPING COGNITIVE PROCESSES Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis: This linguistic theory suggests that the structure and vocabulary of a language can shape and influence the way speakers of that language think and perceive the world. For example, languages with rich color vocabulary may affect how speakers perceive and categorize colors.

26. 2. LANGUAGE SHAPING COGNITIVE PROCESSES Categorization: Language can influence how people categorize and conceptualize objects and experiences. For instance, cultures with distinct words for various types of snow may have a more refined understanding of snow than those with only one general term.

27. 3. LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Language Acquisition: The development of language skills in children is a critical part of their cognitive development. As children learn language, they are simultaneously developing cognitive abilities related to memory, problem-solving, and abstract thinking.

28. 3. LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT Bilingualism: Bilingual individuals often exhibit cognitive advantages, such as enhanced executive functions and cognitive flexibility, as they need to manage and switch between two languages.

29. 4. LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES Metacognition: Language enables metacognition, the ability to think about one's own thinking. Through language, individuals can reflect on their thought processes, set goals, and plan actions.

30. 4. LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES Problem-Solving and Reasoning: Language provides a medium for logical reasoning and problem-solving. It allows individuals to formulate hypotheses, make deductions, and engage in critical thinking.

31. 4. LANGUAGE AND COGNITIVE PROCESSES Abstraction: Language allows for the expression of abstract concepts and ideas, enabling humans to engage in complex reasoning and philosophical thinking.

32. 5. LANGUAGE DISORDERS AND COGNITIVE IMPLICATIONS Aphasia: Language disorders like aphasia, which result from brain damage, can have profound effects on cognitive abilities, particularly in the realms of communication, memory, and problem-solving.

33. 5. LANGUAGE DISORDERS AND COGNITIVE IMPLICATIONS Developmental Language Disorders: Children with developmental language disorders may experience challenges in cognitive areas linked to language, potentially affecting their academic performance and social interactions.

34. In summary, language and cognition are deeply interconnected. Language serves as a tool for cognitive processes, shapes cognitive development, and is itself influenced by cognitive abilities. The relationship between language and cognition is complex and plays a vital role in how humans perceive, understand, and interact with the world around them.

35. https://atlantisschoolofcommunication.org/communications-foundations/lingusitics/the-structure-of-language/ https://languagescience.umd.edu/language-structure-and - meaning https://socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Anthropology/Cultural_Anthropology/Cultural_Anthropology_(Wikibook)/4%3A_Communication_and_Language/4.5%3A_The_Structure_of_Language REFERENCES: