Z4R: Intro to Storage and DFSMS for z/OS

This session covers basic storage concepts for z/OS operating system with examples for Flash, Disk and Tape devices and how to use DFSMS policy-based management. Presented at IBM TechU in Johannesburg, South Africa September 2019

1. Z4R: Intro to Storage and
DFSMS for z/OS
Tony Pearson
IBM Master Inventor,
Senior IT Management Consultant,
Former Chief Architect of DFSMS,
TechU Content Manager
2019IBM Systems Technical University
10-12 Sep 2019 | Johannesburg, SA

2. Agenda
z/OS Storage Fundamentals
Storage Systems for the z/OS
platform
Data Facility Storage
Management Subsystem
(DFSMS)
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 2

3. Why do Mainframes need storage?
—Computers in the early 1960s ran
programs one at a time, one after the
other.
—A researcher would write a program,
convert it into whatever form of input
the computer accepted (punch cards,
paper tape, or magnetic media for
really fancy machines), and drop it off
at the computer center.
—A computer operator would queue up
the program, run it, and then deliver
the printed results and the original
program to the researcher.
—Thus, there was widespread interest
in time sharing, which allowed
multiple researchers to run programs
on the mainframe at the same time,
getting results immediately on their
remote terminals.
—With time sharing, the programs
weren’t printed off on punch cards,
they were written and stored on the
mainframe.
—In theory, researchers could write,
edit, and run their programs on the fly
and without leaving their offices.
Source: Ars Technica
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 3

4. Large Systems Storage Hierarchy
High Speed Bus and “Storage” is what other
servers might call Processor Cache and RAM
Coupling Facility acts as “shared memory”
between multiple mainframes
IBM coined the term DASD as a shorthand
describing hard disk drives, magnetic drums,
and data cells. Later, optical drives and flash
storage are also classified as DASD.
The opposite of “Direct Acess” is
“Sequential Acxces” which continues today
in the form of Tape.
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 4

5. What is an I/O ?
Short for input/output(pronounced "eye-oh"). The term I/O refers to a single “read’ or “write”
communication between a computer (laptop, desktop or server) and storage device (flash, disk or
tape drive).
•Inputs are the data received by the computer
•outputs are the data sent from the computer
In computer storage, an initiatoris the starting point device that initiates a session to perform I/O
operations, that is, sends a storage command like “read”, “write”, “format”.
Atargetis the endpoint that waits for initiators' commands and provides required input/output
data transfers. The targetusually provides to the initiatorsone or more LUNs, because otherwise
no I/O could be possible. A “LUN”(Logical Unit Number), aka Volume, is an addressable logical
storage space where data is stored.
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 5

6. Performance Metrics
I/O Operations per Second (IOPS)
•Random, small-block data transfers
o
Typically 4K or 8K blocks
o
OLTP, databases, Exchange
o
Majority of enterprise applications
•Key random performance enablers
o
Number of concurrent drives, RAID type, seek time,
latency, command queuing
Throughput (MB per second)
•Sequential, large-block transfers
o
Typically 64K or larger blocks
o
Video servers, rich media,
seismic processing, HPC
•Key sequential performance enablers
o
Number of concurrent drives, RAID type, data
transfer rate, maximum block size, pre-fetch
algorithms, command queuing
Latency
•The time it takes to complete a single read or
write I/O
•Typically used for Flash, SSD and Disk
o
Flash 100-250 microseconds (0.1 to 0.25 msec)
o
SSD 1000 microseconds = 1 millisecond
o
Disk 5-15 milliseconds
o
Object Storage 10-100s of milliseconds
Mean Time to First Byte
•The time it takes to provide the first byte of
information, subsequent information may be
faster
•Typically used for Tape, Optical and Blue-Ray
DVD that require physically mounting the media
into the drive
•Measured in seconds or minutes
o
Includes time for robot to fetch media, load into drive, and
position to first byte
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 6

7. What is this?
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 7
The first hard disk drive was the IBM
Model 350 Disk File that came with the
IBM 305 RAMAC computer in 1956. It
had 50 24-inch discs with a total storage
capacity of 5 million characters (just
under 5 MB).

8. Solid State Drives –Flash pretending to be Spinning Disk
Stepper Motor
Spindle Motor
Arm
Read/Write Head
SAS
SATA
FCP
SAS
SATA
FCP
Same
Controller
Protocols
Same Length
Same Width
Same Height
If the read/write head comes in
contact with the surface of the
platter at full speed, the result
can be loss of data, damage to
head, damage to surface, or all
three.
This is known as a “Head Crash”
Chip fails on SSD
This is treated
the same as a
“Head Crash”
Same
Failure
codes
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 8

9. Redundant Array of Independent Disks (RAID)
Tolerate 1 drive failure Tolerate 2 drive failures
RAID-1 / RAID-10
K pieces

2 x K slices
RAID-5
K pieces

K + 1 slices
2.0X
1.2X
3.0X
1.5X
Triplication
K pieces

3 x K slices
RAID-6
K pieces

K + 2 slices
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 9

10. CKD, ECKD and FBA recording formats
—Count key data(CKD) is adirect-access
storage device(DASD)
[a]
data recording
format introduced in 1964 by IBM with
itsIBM System/360and still being emulated
on IBM mainframes. It is a self-defining
format with each data record represented by
a Count Area that identifies the record and
provides the number of bytes in an optional
Key Area and an optional Data Area.
—Extended CoundKey Data (ECKD) introduce
nonsynchronous operation, the transfer of
data between the channel and the storage
control is not synchronized with the transfer
of data between the storage control and the
device. A major advantage of ECKDs is far
longer cables.
—Fixed-block architecture(FBA) is an IBM
term for thehard disk drive(HDD) layout in
which each addressableblock(more
commonly, sector) on the disk has the same
size, utilizing 4 byte block numbers and a new
set of command codes.
[1]
FBA as a term was
created and used byIBMfor
its3310and3370HDDs beginning in 1979 to
distinguish such drives as IBM transitioned
away from their variable record size format
used onIBM's mainframehard disk drives
Souce: Wikipedia
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 10

11. Agenda
z/OS Storage Fundamentals
Storage Devices for the z/OS
platform
Data Facility Storage
Management Subsystem
(DFSMS)
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 11

12. The Shifting Roles of Storage Technology
Flash and
Solid-State
Drives (SSD)
Combined with
slower Nearline
(7200rpm) disk
to reduce
energy costs
over faster
drives
“Flash & Stash”
Disk replication
and Virtual Tape
Libraries
Improved by low
cost Nearline
disk,
compression,
deduplication,
Object protocols
Physical tape,
combined with
automation
Linear Tape File
System (LTFS)
Primary Data
Backup Data
Work Task
Project Folder
Long-term Data
Retention
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 12

13. Why is Everyone Excited about Flash?
Performance
Cost per GB
Disk
RAM
ROM
•Block-based Solid-State Storage
•Non-volatile, persistent across power loss
•No moving parts, uses less power & cooling
•Consistent random access, no “seek” penalty
•Driven by Consumer Market
•Smart phones, Tablets
•Digital cameras, MP3 players
•USB thumb drives
Disk-like
capacity
and cost
Memory-like
Performance
Flash
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 13

14. IBM System Storage DS8000:
Enterprise storage for your critical information requirements
•Balanced performance
•Bullet-proof reliability
•Superior business continuity
•Outstanding scalability
•Tremendous flexibility
•Synergy for z/OS, IBM iand high-end AIX systems
•Full Disk Encryption (FDE)
•And we keep enhancing it with more
automated self-optimization!
IBM Smarter Storage for
IBM Smarter Computing
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 14

15. DS8880/F –Eighth Generation of DS800 series
2015
POWER8
•DS8880
•HPFE G1
POWER8
•DS8880/F
•HPFE G2
2004
POWER5
•DS8100
•DS8300
POWER5+
•DS8300 Turbo
2009
POWER6
•DS8700
POWER6+
•DS8800
2012
POWER7
•DS8870
POWER7+
•DS8870
Replication and Microcode CompatibilityReplication and Microcode Compatibility
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 15

16. IBM Systems Storage Portfolio –DS8000 Family
All-Flash and Hybrid for all primary storage workloads
DS8884
Business class
DS8886
Enterprise class
DS8884F
Business class
DS8886F
Enterprise class
DS8888F
Analytics class
All-Flash Arrays (AFA)
are based on the High
Performance Flash
Enclosure (HPFE)
Hybrid Arrays
support HPFE,
Solid-State
Drives, 15K,
10K and 7200
rpm spinning
disk
Delta
Delta
0
1
2
3
0
1
2
3
F2ab F3b
F2bF3b
DS8882F
Flex Frame
Rackless
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 16

17. DS8000 Architecture Overview
CPU +
Cache
I/O
Bays
I/O
Bays
14
10
2020
A frame B frame C frame C frame
Volumes/LUNs
•Full or Thin provisioned
•Up to 16TB FBA
•Up to 1,182,006 CKD cylinders
Pools
•Same extent type (FBA or CKD)
•Mix RAID, drive speeds and sizes
•Extents (Large and Small)
•1GB/16MB Fixed Block (FBA)
•1,113/21 Count-Key-Data cylinders
RAID Array sites (8 drives each)
•RAID-5, RAID-6, RAID-10
•2 spare drives shared per type
Disk Drawers and HPFE
•Up to 1,536 drives / 768 flash cards
2 IBM POWER controllers CPU+Cache
•Up to 48 cores POWER8 CEC
•Up to 2TB of DRAM cache
I/O bays
•Up to 16 host adapters (128 ports)
RAID-5
RAID-10
RAID-6
Pool 1
RAID-5
RAID-6
Pool 2
1GB1GB1GB
1GB1GB1GB
CKD for
IBM Z
FB-520
IBM i
FB-512 Linux,
UNIX, Windows
21 cyl21 cyl 21 cyl
21 cyl21 cyl 21 cyl
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 17

18. 
Drive media is rapidly increasing in capacity to 10TB and more. The greater density provides
real cost advantages but requires changes in the types of RAID protection used

Traditionally RAID 5 has been used over RAID 6
for Enterprise and Flash media because:

Performs better than RAID 6

Provides more usable capacity

However as the drive capacity increases , RAID 5 exposes enterprises to increased risks,
since higher capacity drives are more vulnerable to storage media errors during array
rebuild

Data will be lost, if a second drive fails while the first failed drive is being rebuilt

Media errors experienced on a drive during rebuild result in a portion of the data being non-
recoverable
1
2
3
4
5
6
P
S
RAID 5
1
2
3
4
5
Q
P
S
RAID 6
RAID 5 uses one parity drive whereas RAID 6 uses two

RAID 6 will be the default in the GUI/CLI for all drive types

RAID 6/RAID 10 options available for media

RAID 5 option available for media less than 1TB via RPQ
RAID 6 for mission-critical protection
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 18

19. IBM Easy Tier®
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 19
—Extent Pools can have mixed media
1.Solid-State Drives (SSD)
2.Enterprise HDD (15K and 10K RPM)
3.Nearline HDD (7200 RPM)
—Easy Tier measures and manages activity
•24 hour learning period
•Every five minutes: up to 8 extents moved
o
Hottest Extents moved up to Flash/SSD
o
Coldest Extents moved down to slowest spinning
disk
•New allocations placed initially on fastest HDD
—A small amount of SSD (as little as 3%) can dramatically
reduce response times and increase IOPS throughput
—Storage Tier Advisory Toolcan estimate benefits of
adding SSD before purchase!
Flash RAID Array(s)
Enterprise HDD
Nearline HDD

20. Workload skew from different client environments

0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
Percentage of extents
Comulative Percentage of Activity
Mainframe1 - Small IOs Mainframe1 - MB Mainframe2 - Small IOs Mainframe2 - MB
Mainframe 3 - Small IOs Mainframe3 - MB Open1 - Small IOs Open1 - MB
Open2 - Small IOs Open2 - MB Open3 - Small IOs Open3 - MB
Nearline
Enterprise
Flash
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 20

21. Is Tape storage still Relevant? Myth versus Reality
21
Myth:
Tape is often viewed as an
old-fashioned, outdated
technology of the past
Reality --Tape is:
•Lowest cost, Highly reliable
•Fast throughput
•Removable –move data offsite
•Air Gapped –Protect against
Ransomware
•Energy Efficient
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation

22. 2010
TS7610
TS7680
2008
TS1130
(3592 G3)
1984
IBM 3480
1
s
cartridge drive
1964
IBM 2104
1959
IBM 729
1st read/write drive
1952
IBM 726
2003
3592 Gen1
1995
IBM 3590
1999
IBM 3590E
2005
TS1120
(3592 G2)
2004
LTO Gen3
2002
LTO Gen2LTO Gen1
2007
LTO Gen4
1962
IBM Tractor System
1992
IBM 3495
1997
VTS G1
2000
TS3500
1994
IBM 3494
1999
VTS G2
2001
VTS G3
2006
TS7740 (VTS Gen 4)
2005
TS7510 VTL
2007
TS7520
2007
TS3400
2005
TS3200
TS3300
2007
TS7530
2008
TS2900
TS3500
High Density
2008
TS7720
2008
TS7650G
2009
TS7650
Appliance
TS1130
(3592 G3)
2003
TS1120
(3592 G2)
2000
In tape automation and virtualization
1992
IBM 3495
2000
TS3500
1994
IBM 3494
TS7510 VTLTS7520
2007
TS3400
2005
TS3200
TS3300
TS7530
2008
TS2900
TS3500
High Density
2008
TS7650G
1974
3850 MSS
In tape drive technology
2010
LTO Gen5
2014
TS1140
(3592 G4)
2011
TS3500
Connector
and Shuttle
2011
TS7740
TS7720
TS1150
(3592 G5)
2011
2012
LTO Gen61stread/back drive
2015
LTO Gen7
1stmagnetic tape drive
2014
TS4500
Connectorand Shuttle
2016
TS7760
2016
TS7770
Over 65 years of tape innovation
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 22

23. Clipper Group Study –long term storage costs
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 23
How to store a zettabyte on a budget
•Aaron Ogus, Microsoft Azure
9x
15x
16x
17x
How Google Backs up the Internet
•Raymond Blum, Google Site Reliability

24. Why tape storage?
—Tape is intrinsically “on demand” storage media that provides
Total Cost Ownership (TCO) for data storing.
—Tape is removable and portable.
—Tape provides high volumetric efficiency.
—Tape is a fast storage solution.
—Tape media is reliable, longevity.
—Tape is green, consumes less power.
—Tape is ideally suited for:
•Backup/restore
•Information lifecycle management (ILM)
•Business continuance / disaster recovery (BC/DR)
•Archive/Long-termRetention
•CompliancewithGovernment and Industry regulations
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 24

25. •Deliver high-performance, high-
capacity storage
•Leverage IBM Spectrum Archive
featuring LTFS technology to
support for fast access to data
•Help lower cost of ownership
•Scales from midrange to
enterprise needs
Benefits
IBM TS1160
IBM TS1150
IBM TS1140
IBM Storage TS1100 tape drive family solutions
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 25

26. IBM TS3500 Tape Library
IBM TS4500 Tape Library
Tape automation (library) systems
•Greaterflexibilitytomeet
customersdemand
•Reduce the complexity for
stock
•Reduce inventorycosts
•Improve inventory
management
Benefits
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 26

27. •Helps to reduce needed capacities
•Large scalability and performance
•Avoids downtimes due to
replication
•Deliver superior reliability
Benefits
IBM TS7720 / TS7740
Virtual Tape Solution
IBM TS7760
Virtual Tape Solution
Virtual Tape Systems
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 27

28. IBM Virtualization Engine TS7700 at a glance
—Separates the functionality of the system into smaller
components with well defined, open interfaces
—Three different models: TS7740, TS7720/TS7720T and
TS7760/TS7760T
—Supports Grid interconnectivity for availability
—Up to 8 way Grid configuration supported
•fully integrated tiered storage hierarchy supports both disk and tape
technologies
—FC adapters for backend tape and cache support
—Support for up to 4 million logical volumes and
6 GB logical volume size
—z/OS support
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 28

29. Hybrid Intelligent Tape Integration
29
Prefer Remove (LRU Order)
Drives/Library
TS7760T/C
LAN/WAN
•The TS7760 and CP0 of TS7760T/C is designed to run at full capacity
•Through policy management, data can be:
•
Pinned–Reside in TS7760 disk cache indefinitely
•
Retained–Pinned for a duration of time since last access, then Keep or Remove
•
Prefer Kept or Removed–Two groups using LRU algorithm
•Data is removed from TS7760 cache after exists on a peer TS7700
•Automatic and nearly transparent integration of physical tape or Cloud
•
Aged or archive data naturally replicates to TS7700s with tape or cloud
•
Other workloads can be pinned or retained in cache for 100% cache hits on reads
TS7760 Cluster
TS7760T CP0
Drives/Library
TS7760T/C
Pinned
Volumes
Retained
Volumes
Prefer Keep (LRU Order)
Cloud
Cloud
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation

30. Agenda
z/OS Storage Fundamentals
Storage Systems for the z/OS
platform
Data Facility Storage
Management Subsystem
(DFSMS)
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 30

31. DFSMS: Providing System Managed Storage on z/OS®
Storing, managing, protecting, and serving data on IBM Z
DFSMS is the standard methodology
worldwide for managing enterprise data
and storage on the z/OS platform
HSM ($)
Policy driven backup
disk space
manager, recovery
management
DSS ($)
Provides backup/
recovery and space
management
(local &
remote)
TVS ($)
Enables batch updates
concurrently with online
processing
SMS
Manages data availability
& performance policies,
assigns
policies to data
ICKDSF
Initializes disks
Advanced Copy Functions
SDM
Provides advanced
Function Copy Services
like XRC, PPRC, Global
Mirroring, CDP
DFSORT ($)
Sorts & merges
records within files
RMM ($)
Manages tapes & libraries
DFP
•Provides logical & physical I/O
to storage devices
•Manages & catalogs data sets
•Provides control & reporting
interfaces to end users & system
administrators
DFSMS provides an automated, centralized, policy-based solution
for storage management in the z/OS environment
NFS
Network files transfers
OAM
Manages object data
Provides SMStapesupport
EREP
Reports & fixes disk errors
$ = optional priced feature
Data is becoming the world’s new oil,
transforming industries and professions …
DFSMS drives value as the data hub for z/OS:
•Creates integrated solutions by exploiting new hardware features
•Enable better utilization and management of Storage HW
•Maintains leadership in policy based storage management
•Improved storage administrator productivity and simplified management of the
z/OS environment
•Strengthens business resiliency by exploiting new opportunities and
advancements in data protection solutions
•Point-in-time copy, fast replication, and continuous data mirroring functions while
preserving consistency
•Supports growing businesses and mission critical workloads by
providing continuous availability, scalability/performance and
flexibility of storage and data
•Increased data storage capacity and scalability to cope with explosive growth of
data volumes and database sizes
•High Availability with simpler, faster, and more reliable recovery operations
•Ability to cope with increased security and compliance requirements
•Enables cross platform data and storage
•Data availability at all levels of the storage hierarchy
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 31

32. Lifecycle of a Data Set –Space Management
MyData
ABC
123
Read / Update
When?
When?
Directly to tape?
•Space Management
•Minimize the cost of
storing data
•Ensure adequate free
space to operate
DFSMShsm
DFSMSdfp
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 32

33. Storage Hierarchy –Space Management
—The ClassicDFSMS Storage Hierarchy
(35 years old)
$$
Migration Level 1
(ML1)
High
Performance &
Function
Low Cost
Data in Primary
Level is Managed
by DFSMShsm
Data in Migration
Level is “Owned”
by DFSMShsm
$$$
Level 0
(L0)
$
Migration Level 2
(ML2)
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 33

34. Final Thoughts
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 34
•The roles of different storage
technology are shifting
•IBM DS8880 and TS7760 are
the market leading storage
products for IBM Z
•DFSMS for z/OS brings
policy-based automation to
manage large number of data
sets and volumes

35. Thank you!
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 35
Tony Pearson
[email protected]
[phone]
Please complete the Session
Evaluation!

36. Special Thanks
I would like to thank the following colleagues
who contributed charts, insights, and review
comments for these presentation materials
—Maurice McCullough
—Glenn Wilcock
—Barbara McDonald
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 36

37. About the Speaker
TonyPearsonisaMasterInventor,SeniorITManagementConsultant,andContentManagerforthe
IBMSystemsTechnicalUniversityevents.TonyjoinedIBMCorporationin1986inTucson,Arizona,
USA,andhaslivedthereeversince.TonypresentsbriefingsonstoragetopicscoveringtheentireIBM
Storageproductline,IBMSpectrumStoragesoftwareproducts,andtopicsrelatedtoCloudComputing,
AnalyticsandCognitiveSolutions.Heinteractswithclients,speaksatconferencesandevents,and
leadsclientworkshopstohelpclientswithstrategicplanningforIBM’sintegratedsetofstorage
managementsoftware,hardware,andvirtualizationsolutions.
Tonywritesthe“InsideSystemStorage”blog,whichisreadbythousandsofclients,IBMsalesrepsand
IBMBusinessPartnerseveryweek.Thisblogwasratedoneofthetop10blogsfortheITstorage
industryby“NetworkingWorld”magazine,and#1mostreadIBMblogonIBM’sdeveloperWorks.The
bloghasbeenpublishedinseriesofbooks,InsideSystemStorage:VolumeIthroughV.
Overthepastyears,Tonyhasworkedindevelopment,marketingandconsultingforvariousIBM
Systemshardwareandsoftwareproducts.TonyhasaBachelorofSciencedegreeinSoftware
Engineering,andaMasterofSciencedegreeinElectricalEngineering,bothfromtheUniversityof
Arizona.Tonyisaninventororco-inventorof19patentsinthefieldofIBMSystemsandelectronicdata
storage.
9000 S. Rita Road
Bldg9032 Floor 1
Tucson, AZ 85744
[phone] (Office)
[email protected]
Tony Pearson
Master Inventor
Senior Management
Consultant, IBM Systems
La Services
IBM Storage
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 37

38. My Social Media Presence
Blog*:
ibm.co/Pearson
LinkedIn:
https://www.linkedin.com/in/az990tony
Books:
www.lulu.com/spotlight/990_tony
IBM Expert Network on Slideshare:
www.slideshare.net/az990tony
Twitter:
twitter.com/az990tony
Facebook:
www.facebook.com/tony.pearson.16121
Instagram:
www.instagram.com/az990tony/
Email:
[email protected]
* Not a typo. This is short URL for https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/mydeveloperworks/blogs/InsideSystemStorage/
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39. Notices and disclaimers
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IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 39

40. Notices and disclaimers continued
—Information concerning non-IBMproducts was obtained from the suppliers
of those products, their publishedannouncements or other publicly
available sources.IBM has not tested thoseproducts about this publication
and cannot confirm the accuracy of performance, compatibility or any other
claims related to non-IBM products.Questions on the capabilitiesof non-
IBM products should be addressed to the suppliers of those products.
IBMdoes not warrant the quality of any third-party products, or the ability of
anysuch third-party products to interoperatewith IBM’s products. IBM
expressly disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, including but
not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a
purpose.
—The provision of the informationcontained herein is not intended to, and
does not, grant any right or licenseunder any IBM patents, copyrights,
trademarks or other intellectual propertyright.
—IBM, the IBM logo, ibm.comand [names of other referenced
IBM products and services used in the presentation] are
trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation,
registered in many jurisdictions worldwide. Other product and
service names might betrademarks ofIBM or other
companies. A current list of IBM trademarks is available on
theWeb at "Copyright and trademark information" at:
www.ibm.com/legal/copytrade.shtml
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 40

41. This presentation uses the IBM Plex™ font
IBM Plex™ is our new typeface. It’s global, it’s versatile and it’s
distinctly IBM.
IBM Plex
Sans
The IBM company is freeing itself from the cold, modernist cliché
and replacing Helvetica with a new corporate typeface. Also
replaces Arial, Calibri, Lucida Grande, Trebuchet, etc.
IBM Plex
Mono
A little somethingfor developers. Replaces
Courier New, Letter Gothic, Lucida Console, etc.
IBM Plex
Serif
A hybrid of the third kind (combining the best of Plex, Bodoni,
and Jansoninto a contemporary serif). Replaces Cambria,
Garamond, Lucida Bright, Times New Roman, etc.
IBM Plex is freely available as TrueType and OpenType at: https://github.com/IBM/plex/releases
and looks consistently good across Windows, Linux and Mac
IBM Systems Technical University (c) 2019 IBM Corporation 41