Zone Electrophoresis- Biplob Dey

Zone electrophoresis
BIPLOB DEY
Shri Guru Ram Rai University,Dehradun

1. ZONE-ELECTROPHORESIS PRESENTED BY BIPLOB DEY M.Pharm ( Pharmacology) SGRRU

2. Electrophoresis is a technique used to separate macromolecules based on size. This technique is used for separation of proteins, DNA and RNA . Electrophoresis of positively charged particles ( cations ) is called  cataphoresis , while electrophoresis of negatively charged particles (anions) is called  anaphoresis . Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis   (PAGE) has a clearer resolution than agarose and is more suitable for quantitative analysis. In this technique DNA foot-printing can identify how proteins bind to DNA. It can be used to separate proteins by size, density and purity. It can also be used for plasmid analysis, which develops our understanding of bacteria becoming resistant to antibiotics. ELECTROPHORESIS

3. Electrophoresis can be classified as free electrophoresis and zone electrophoresis : A. Free Electrophoresis: In this type of electrophoresis a free electrolyte is taken in place of supporting media. Nowadays this type of electrophoresis has become out dated and mostly used in non-biological experiments. It is mostly of two types ― The micro-electrophoresis which is mostly used in calculation of Zeta potentials (a colloidal property of cells in a liquid medium) of the cells . Moving boundary electrophoresis used for quantitative analysis of complex mixtures of macromolecules , especially proteins. B. Zone Electrophoresis: This is the most prevalent electrophoretic technique. In this type of electrophoresis the separation process is carried out on a stabilizing media.

4. The zone electrophoresis is of following types; (a) Paper electrophoresis (b) Cellulose acetate electrophoresis (c) Capillary electrophoresis (d) Gel electrophoresis – which further includes: Agarose gel electrophoresis, SDS PAGE, two-dimensional electrophoresis .

5.  Any electrophoretic technique in which components are  separated  into zones  orbands  in a buffer, and stabilized in solid, porous, or any other support  medium– eg :  filter paper  agar gel ,  or  polyacrylamide gel.. Zone electrophoresis : Here the charged particles are separated into different zones or bands. This is mainly of two types as: Paper electrophoresis. Gel electrophoresis. ZONE ELECTROPHORESIS

6. APPLICATIONS OF ELECTROPHORESIS: 1.To separate complex molecules: Many complex biological molecules like vitamins B12. antibiotics, proteins can be separated efficiently by electrophoresis. This is possible due to charge difference among the mixtures. 2. For analysis of nucleic acid molecules like RNA and DNA studies. These long chain molecules can be analyzed only after separation after electrophoresis. This helps to determine the size or breaks in the DNA or RNA molecule.