grade 7 lesson 3 afa hazards in agriculture.pptx

In this lesson, students will learn to identify and differentiate the various breeds of farm animals, including both poultry and livestock. Poultry animals such as chickens (layers and broilers), quails, and ducks are raised mainly for their eggs and meat. Livestock animals like swine, rabbits, and small ruminants such as cattle and buffalo are important sources of food, income, and livelihood in agriculture. Understanding the different breeds and their characteristics helps students appreciate the value of animal farming and promotes wise selection and management of farm animals for better production.

1. GRADE 7 (AFA) Agriculture and Fishery Arts QUARTER II LESSON 3: Agricultural Hazards and Risks in Farm Operations

2. Demonstrate an understanding of the concepts and skills in agri -crops and animal production. Content Standard:

3. Discuss hazards and risks in farm operations. Learning Competencies:

4. Define and differentiate between hazards and risks. Identify common agricultural hazards and risks found in farm operations. Describe safety measures to mitigate these hazards and risks. Apply their understanding by suggesting ways to minimize hazards in farm scenarios. Learning Objectives:

5. Content: Different Agricultural Hazards and Risks in Farm Operations.

6. Materials: Visual aids showing various farm hazards (images of tools, pesticides, animals, etc.) Whiteboard and markers PowerPoint Presentation Hazard identification worksheets Case studies or short scenarios on farm hazards

7. Procedure: Preliminary Activities Prayer Greetings Attendance Review of the Previous Lesson

8. Quick Recap: Quick recap of the previous topic. Ask students what they remember the different tools, implements, and equipment used in agriculture.

9. Introduction: Thought-provoking questions What do you think is the most challenging part of being a farmer? How does farming affect the environment? How would life be different if farming did not exist? How do changes in the weather or climate affect farming? Can you name any tools or machines that have made farming easier? Encourage students to share brief stories or experiences.

10. Objective Setting: Explain that they will learn how to identify and manage potential hazards in farm operations to keep farmers and others safe.

11. Lesson Proper: Welcome, Grade 7 students! Today in TLE, we are going to explore an important topic in agriculture: risks and hazards in farm operations. Farms are full of exciting activities, from planting crops to raising animals, but they also come with certain dangers. Learning about hazards and risk will help us understand how to stay safe on farms and protect both ourselves and others while working around equipment, plants, and animals. Let us learn how farmers keep their work safe and productive!

12. What is hazard? A hazard is something that can cause harm or danger. It could be anything like a sharp tool, a slippery floor, or a chemical. Think of it as something that might hurt you if you're not careful.

13. What is a risk? A risk is the chance or possibility that something bad could happen because of the hazard. For example, if there is a sharp knife on the table, the risk is that someone might accidentally cut themselves.

14. Four main types of hazards commonly found in farm operations

15. Physical Hazard Physical hazards in agriculture are dangers that come from physical objects, equipment, or environmental conditions on a farm. These hazards can lead to injuries if not properly managed.

16. Examples of Physical Hazard Machinery and Equipment Tractors, harvesters, and other large farm machinery can cause injuries if they are not operated safely. Moving parts, sharp edges, and heavy equipment pose significant risks.

17. Sharp Tools Hand tools like knives, sickles, and pruning shears can cause cuts or punctures if handled carelessly.

18. Heavy Lifting Carrying heavy objects, such as sacks of seeds, bales of hay, or large buckets, can lead to back injuries or muscle strain.

19. Noise Loud sounds from machinery, especially tractors and other equipment, can damage hearing over time.

20. Extreme Temperatures Working in very hot or very cold conditions can lead to health issues like heatstroke, dehydration, or hypothermia.

21. Slippery or aUneven Surfaces Muddy fields, wet floors, or uneven ground can cause slips, trips, and falls.

22. Chemical Hazard Chemical hazards in agriculture are dangers posed by chemicals used on farms that can be harmful if not handled properly. These chemicals are often necessary for farm operations but can pose risks to health and the environment.

23. Examples of Chemical Hazard Pesticides Used to control pests and insects, pesticides can be harmful to humans if inhaled, ingested, or if they come into contact with the skin. Long-term exposure can lead to serious health issues.

24. Herbicides These chemicals help control weeds, but direct contact or inhalation can cause skin irritation, respiratory problems, and other health concerns.

25. Fertilizers While fertilizers help plants grow, some contain chemicals that can be dangerous if mishandled, leading to chemical burns, poisoning, or water contamination.

26. Disinfectant Used to clean animal housing, equipment, or storage areas, these chemicals can be toxic if inhaled or ingested and can cause skin irritation.

27. Fuel and Lubricants Gasoline, diesel, and oils for machinery are common on farms and can be harmful if spilled, inhaled, or accidentally ignited.

28. Animal Medications Some animal treatments contain chemicals that can be dangerous if humans are exposed to them, especially in large doses or without proper protective equipment.

29. Biological Hazard Biological hazards in agriculture come from living things, like plants, animals, or germs, that can cause illness or harm to people working on farms.

30. Examples of Biological Hazard Bacteria and Viruses These germs can be found in animal waste, dirty water, or on plants and can make people sick if they get into cuts, food, or water.

31. Molds and Fungi Molds can grow on crops, feed, or damp surfaces and can cause allergic reactions or breathing problems, especially when their spores are inhaled.

32. Animals Animals on the farm, like cows, chickens, or pigs, can carry diseases that spread to people (called zoonotic diseases). Even animals’ bites or scratches can lead to infections.

33. Insect Bites Insects like ticks, mosquitoes, and flies can carry diseases that they may pass on to people through bites.

34. Plants Some plants have thorns or sap that can cause skin irritation or allergic reactions.

35. Environmental Hazard Environmental hazards in agriculture are dangers that come from natural conditions or the environment that can impact the health and safety of farm workers and the productivity of the farm.

36. Examples of Environmental Hazard Extreme weather Storms, heavy rain, hail, or droughts can harm crops, livestock, and farm equipment. High winds and lightning during storms can also be dangerous to workers.

37. Heat and Sun Exposure Working long hours under direct sunlight can lead to heat exhaustion, dehydration, or even heatstroke. Prolonged sun exposure can also cause sunburn and increase the risk of skin cancer.

38. Cold and Frost In colder climates or seasons, exposure to low temperatures can cause frostbite or hypothermia, making it dangerous to work outside without proper clothing.

39. Dust Dust from soil, feed, or grains can cause respiratory issues, especially for workers with asthma or allergies. Inhaling too much dust over time can lead to lung problems.

40. Flooding Heavy rains or poor drainage can lead to flooding, which can destroy crops, contaminate water supplies, and create unsafe working conditions.

41. Wild Animals Farm areas near forests or open land may have encounters with wild animals, which can be harmful to people and livestock.

42. Safety Measures: Physical Hazards Machinery and Equipment Always read and follow the user manual before using machinery. Perform regular maintenance checks to ensure equipment is in good working order. Wear protective gear like gloves, helmets, and safety glasses, and avoid loose clothing that could get caught in machines. Sharp Tools Store tools properly when not in use, keep them sharp and well-maintained, and handle them carefully. Wear gloves to protect hands, and teach proper handling techniques. Heavy Lifting Use correct lifting techniques, such as bending your knees and keeping your back straight. Use carts or wheelbarrows for heavy loads and seek help when lifting large or awkward items.

43. Safety Measures: Chemical Hazards Pesticides, Herbicides, and Fertilizers Always wear protective clothing, including gloves, goggles, and masks, when handling chemicals. Read and follow instructions on labels carefully. Mix and apply chemicals in well-ventilated areas and store them in locked, labeled containers. Proper Disposal Dispose of empty chemical containers and unused chemicals according to local regulations. Never reuse containers for other purposes. Storage Store chemicals in a dry, secure location away from children, animals, and food supplies.

44. Safety Measures: Biological Hazards Animal Handling Wash hands thoroughly after handling animals. Wear gloves when handling animals or cleaning their waste to prevent infections. Approach animals calmly to avoid provoking them. Insect Bites Wear long sleeves, pants, and gloves to minimize skin exposure. Use insect repellent if working in areas with many mosquitoes, ticks, or other insects. Mold and Dust Wear masks when working around dusty areas, mold, or hay to protect respiratory health. Ensure proper ventilation in storage areas.

45. Safety Measures: Environmental Hazards Heat and Sun Exposure Take frequent breaks in the shade, wear hats and sunscreen, and stay hydrated. Plan outdoor work during cooler parts of the day when possible. Cold and Frost Wear warm, layered clothing and take breaks to warm up if working in cold weather. Ensure proper footwear to prevent slipping on icy surfaces. Storms and Flooding Be aware of weather forecasts and postpone outdoor work during severe weather conditions. Create drainage systems to manage rainwater and reduce the risk of flooding.

46. General Hygiene and Safety Practices Hand Washing Regularly wash hands with soap, especially after handling animals, chemicals, or soil. Protective Gear Use personal protective equipment (PPE) such as gloves, masks, goggles, and boots based on the type of work.

47. General Hygiene and Safety Practices First Aid Kit Keep a well-stocked first aid kit easily accessible on the farm and train workers on basic first aid for emergencies. Training Educate farm workers on the potential hazards, proper use of equipment, and emergency procedures to handle accidents or exposure to harmful substances.

48. Recap Review the types of hazards and some common safety measures. Reflection Question Why is it important to know about hazards and risks on the farm? Encourage a few students to share their thoughts. Conclusion:

49. Instructions: Match each hazard in the left column with the correct safety measure in the right column. Write the letter of the correct safety measure next to each hazard. Assessment: Hazards __Sharp Tools (e.g., knives, sickles) __Pesticides and Chemicals __Heavy Lifting of Sacks __Loud Machinery (e.g., tractors, harvesters) __Sun Exposure on Hot Days __Dust from Soil and Animal Feed __Animal Handling (e.g., cattle, chickens) __Slippery or Uneven Surfaces Safety Measures Wear gloves and goggles, and use tools properly to avoid cuts. B. Use ear protection like earplugs or earmuffs to prevent hearing damage. Wear a mask or respirator to protect from inhaling dust. Lift with your knees, keep your back straight, and ask for help with heavy items. Apply chemicals in well-ventilated areas, wear protective clothing, and read labels carefully. Wear long sleeves, hats, and sunscreen, and stay hydrated with plenty of water. Walk carefully and wear sturdy, non-slip footwear. Approach animals calmly, wear protective gear, and avoid sudden movements.

50. Ask the students to create a "Farm Safety Poster" that highlights one type of hazard and includes safety tips. Put their explanation at the back of their created poster. Assignment:

51. Participation in Group Activity (how actively they discussed hazards and safety measures) Worksheet Completion (accuracy of responses) Farm Safety Poster (creativity, relevance, and clarity of message) Assessment Criteria: