WHAT IS A FIGURE OF SPEECH lesson for english.pptx

vWHAT IS A FIGURE OF SPEECH

1. WHAT IS A FIGURE OF SPEECH? A mode of expression in which words are used out of their literal meaning or out of their ordinary use in order to: 1) add beauty 2) emotional intensity 3) transfer the poet's sense impressions by comparing or identifying one thing with another that has a meaning familiar to the reader.

2. Simile A simile is similar to a metaphor. However, here, a reference between two concepts is made by using the terms 'like' or 'as'.

3. Metaphor Used for the purpose of comparison, a metaphor is a figure of speech that implies the meaning of an object with its reference to another completely unrelated object. • The sofa is fertile soil for a couch potato. But my heart is a lonely hunter that hunts on a lonely hill

4. Hyperbole a figure of speech used for the purpose of exaggeration. It mainly forms the basis of several jokes, is used as a way of insults, or could simply be used to dramatize a situation, where in reality, the situation may not be that bad. I'm so busy trying to accomplish ten million things at once

5. Alliteration refers to the repetition of any particular sound among words placed close together, in a sentence. These are mainly consonant sounds, but can be vowel sounds too. It is often used as a figure of speech in poetry Ex. Don't delay dawn’s disarming display. Dusk demands daylight. - Paul McCan

6. Personification: This refers to the art of bringing to life an inanimate object, trait, or action, by associating it with a human quality. The carved pumpkin smiled at me.

7. Onomatopoeia Such words imitate the sounds made by certain objects or actions. • The clatter of utensils. Zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz …… the sound of sleeping boy Tick tock tick tock says the clock.

8. Anaphora refers to a repetition of one particular word purposely, at the start of consecutive sentences or paragraphs. This is again in order to emphasize a point. Water, water, every where, And all the boards did shrink ; Water, water, every where Nor any drop to drink. - Samuel Taylor Coleridge

9. Euphemism is the use of neutral language to remark something that may be offensive to the receiver. Euphemism is often used by people who are diplomatic, and who wish to be politically correct. We have to let you go. Read: You're fired. Ana is well fed. Read: Asma is fat.

10. Irony refers to the use of certain words that actually intend to convey the opposite. Irony forms the basis of sarcasm, and of humor. It is also a way of expressing the ugly truth in a slightly gentle manner. A fire station catches fire while the firefighters are responding to an emergency in another part of the town.

11. Litotes This figure of speech refers to the use of understatement, to affirm a particular situation or event with the use of a negative opposite “That wasn't half bad” uses negative phrasing to indicate that something was actually very good. This food is  not  bad.” 

12. Metonymy Metonymy refers to the use of a phrase regarding associated concept, in order to describe the actual concept. He writes a fine hand - It means he has good handwriting.

13. Oxymoron An oxymoron uses a contradictory adjective to define an object, situation or event. Angel’s Devil, Bittersweet, Deafening silence

14. Pun Puns refer to the deliberate substitution of similar sounding words, to create a humorous effect. Everyone thinks my runny nose is funny, but it's snot.

15. Rhetorical Question Rhetoric refers to the art of persuasion through effective speech. Questions that have an obvious answer are known as rhetorical questions. Such questions are not expected to be answered, as the answer is already known. If practice makes perfect, and no one's perfect, then why practice?

16. Symbol An image transferred by something that stands for or represents something else, like flag for country, or autumn for maturity. Symbols can transfer the ideas embodied in the image without stating them. in stories where flowing water can be seen, this often represents an era of rebirth or recovery.

17. Zeugma This figure of speech refers to the use of only one word to describe two actions or events. The word however, logically applies only to one of the actions. He took his coat and his vacation

18. The thief was as sly as a fox. Upon explanation, the concept was as clear as crystal to Rahul. The soldier jumped on the enemies like a hungry lion. The camel is the ship of the desert. The dentist had a severe toothache

19. Mr. Sharma thought the sweets were calling him. It seemed that the sky was going to cry the entire night. I would forgive you when pigs fly. Man proposes; God disposes. What a piece of work is, man!

20. Death touched Miss David with its icy fingers. Sheldon is a walking dictionary. The sausages tasted awfully good. Sheena was as proud as a peacock. It has been raining cats and dogs for hours.