Pinochet Gender
Under the reign of Augusto Pinochet, Chile suffered extreme oppression culturally, socially,
politically, economically, and religiously. As a dictator in a military government, Pinochet shut down
the Chilean government, stifled political discourse, banned trade unions, and made Chile his own.
Over 3,000 political opponents disappeared during his rule, and the Chilean over arrested over 30,000,
torturing thousands. In response to the suffocating reign of Pinochet, Chilean citizens began to express
their culture and their identities through performance art and other means. Among these identities
being explored and expressed were those of gender: male, female, and other. Gender and gender
identity played significant roles during the reign of Pinochet through both theory and social change.
Under an oppressive government, it is often women and minorities, including homosexuals, that suffer
most. Thus, it is most likely that those who are suffering will speak out. The unforgettable queen and
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In A Critique of Morgenthau s Principles of Political Realism, Ann J. Tickner argues that women are
gaining a larger role in the international realm and thus the influence of feminine factors changes the
way politics is conducted. According to the feminist perspective, women believe in dynamic
objectivity, contextual national interests, collective empowerment, moral significance in politics,
common moral elements in de escalating conflict, and that politics is not autonomous. In this sense,
women tend to be a part of social change, cooperation, and peace. Thus, women play a role in national
and international politics and life by promoting coexistence, cooperation, and peace. This theory goes
in direct opposition to the male associated concepts of power and objectivity, both of which can be
connected to the reign of Pinochet over Chile. Therefore, women by nature were in opposition to
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