1.2. History of counseling.pptx

History of Counselling, Approaches, American History, Counselling in India

1. History of counseling

2. Counseling  Need for mental health and guidance counselling for individuals facing developmental milestones. Wellness, situational difficulties, persons with different situational difficulties, psychological disorders Important Events World War 1 World War 2 ACA played major role in the growth of counseling.

3. Counseling in the 1900 Industrial Revolution in America. Beginning of political support for compulsory education. Jesse B. Davis, was the first person to develop public school counseling and guidance programs. Davis believed that character development was central to preventing behavioural problems and to creating good relationships with other students.  The goals of the vocational focus were to assist students in understanding their character and in becoming socially responsible workers. In 1909 Parsons wrote Choosing a Vocation, a highly influential book that called for the designation of school teachers as vocational counselors.

4. Counseling in the 1910’s

5. Counseling in 1920’s

6. Counseling in the 1930’s

7. Counseling in the 1940’s

8. Counseling in the 1950’s

9. Counseling in the 1960’s crime and drug use were increasing. Vietnam War In 1963, the Community Mental Health Act was enacted. Major developments in the care for the mentally ill, this act provided employment opportunities for counselors . The APGA published its first code of ethics. The first professional journal, The Counseling Psychologist is published. Education Resources Information Clearinghouse (ERIC) in 1966. Specifically related to the counseling profession was the ERIC section on Counseling and Personnel Services (ERIC/CAPS) at the University of Michigan. Emergence of Maslow’s humanistic counseling theory. licensure for counselors was started by APGA.

10. Counseling in the 1970’s

11. Counseling in the 1980’s Divorce rates increasing, violent crime increasing, and prisons overflowing In 1981, the Council for Accreditation of Counseling and Related Education Programs (CACREP) was formed.  The National Board for Certified Counselors (NBCC) was formed in 1983.  APGA was changed to the American Association for Counseling and Development (AACD).  formation of Chi Sigma Iota, by Thomas J. Sweeney AACD saw an increase in membership and an increase in the number of divisions, highlighting the diversification in the counseling field.

12. Counseling in the 1990’s World Trade Center bombing. Two primary influences in the 1990s, in addition to advances in technology, were managed care and an increase in accountability. In 1992, the AACD instituted another name change, this time to the American Counseling Association (ACA). counseling as a primary mental health profession.  Organizations established in the 1970s and 1980s such as CACREP, Chi Sigma Iota, and NBCC experienced continued growth during this time, more states were passing licensure legislation for counselors , and both ACA and APA were publishing articles and books on counseling .

13. Counseling in the 2000’s

14. COUNSELLING IN INDIA

15. To Conclude….. The nature and scope of counseling itself remains poorly articulated. At present there is no licensing system for counselors as anyone can become a counselor and there is no system to monitor the skills in a systematic manner.