1 HOW TO LAY OUT A RESEARCH PROPOSAL Title Page .docx

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HOW TO LAY OUT A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Title Page:

Title

Name of student and student number

Name of Supervisor

Course

University

Date of submission


Table of Contents

List of appendices

Acknowledgements


Abstract (100 - 150 words)


The abstract must communicate the essential parts of the research proposal and should follow the same
order as the proposal. It must convince the reader that the study is interesting and important


Chapter 1: Literature review (2100 words)


This section should include an Introduction and short justification for the proposed research study. The
literature review must show evidence of wide reading and analysis, synthesis and evaluation of research
findings

Chapter 2: Methodology (3300 words)

Design

Design refers to how your research study will be conducted and the reasons for your choice of study
methodology. You must label the methodology that you will employ e.g. quantitative – correlational or
qualitative – phenomenological. This methodology must be justified from the research literature. Enough
detail must be presented so that the reader can determine the adequacy of the methods. However, it is
important to remember that your proposal is not a theory paper on research methods. Your proposed
study must be central to the discussion with the research literature offering support to your proposed
choice.

Population / Sample

You will need to provide details of your choice of sampling technique and sample size, as well as details
about the participants (i.e. age, gender, religion, medical conditions, employed, etc). Inclusion and
exclusion criteria must be stated along with the rationale for these decisions.


Methods of data collection

Any materials used in the study should be described in sufficient detail. This must also indicate how the
data will be collected and where possible offer samples of the data tools as an appendix (i.e.
questionnaires, interview schedules, and participant consent letters). Information on how, where and
when the data is to be collected must be given.

Robustness of data collection methods




2


You will need to identify the issues regarding the reliability and validity of any measurement tools to be
employed. Similarly, for those undertaking a qualitative study identify the robustness of the study
(consistency, truthfulness and transferability).


Data analysis

Discuss the methods of analysis. If quantitative data is to be collected and analysed you must indicate the
specific statistical tests to be utilised and the statistical package that will be used (i.e. SPSS Version 11).
If qualitative, you must provide clear guidelines as to how the data will be analysed, identifying the model
of analysis that you will utilise (This section must also address the issue of data management, data
protection, etc.

Pilot study

Explain the purpose of a pilot study and give details of your proposed .

1. 1


HOW TO LAY OUT A RESEARCH PROPOSAL

Title Page:

Title

Name of student and student number

Name of Supervisor

Course

University

Date of submission


Table of Contents

List of appendices

Acknowledgements


Abstract (100 - 150 words)


The abstract must communicate the essential parts of the
research proposal and should follow the same

2. order as the proposal. It must convince the reader that the study
is interesting and important


Chapter 1: Literature review (2100 words)


This section should include an Introduction and short
justification for the proposed research study. The
literature review must show evidence of wide reading and
analysis, synthesis and evaluation of research
findings

Chapter 2: Methodology (3300 words)

Design

Design refers to how your research study will be conducted and
the reasons for your choice of study
methodology. You must label the methodology that you will
employ e.g. quantitative – correlational or
qualitative – phenomenological. This methodology must be
justified from the research literature. Enough
detail must be presented so that the reader can determine the
adequacy of the methods. However, it is
important to remember that your proposal is not a theory paper
on research methods. Your proposed
study must be central to the discussion with the research
literature offering support to your proposed
choice.

Population / Sample

You will need to provide details of your choice of sampling
technique and sample size, as well as details
about the participants (i.e. age, gender, religion, medical

3. conditions, employed, etc). Inclusion and
exclusion criteria must be stated along with the rationale for
these decisions.


Methods of data collection

Any materials used in the study should be described in
sufficient detail. This must also indicate how the
data will be collected and where possible offer samples of the
data tools as an appendix (i.e.
questionnaires, interview schedules, and participant consent
letters). Information on how, where and
when the data is to be collected must be given.

Robustness of data collection methods




2


You will need to identify the issues regarding the reliability and
validity of any measurement tools to be
employed. Similarly, for those undertaking a qualitative study
identify the robustness of the study
(consistency, truthfulness and transferability).


Data analysis

Discuss the methods of analysis. If quantitative data is to be
collected and analysed you must indicate the
specific statistical tests to be utilised and the statistical package
that will be used (i.e. SPSS Version 11).

4. If qualitative, you must provide clear guidelines as to how the
data will be analysed, identifying the model
of analysis that you will utilise (This section must also address
the issue of data management, data
protection, etc.

Pilot study

Explain the purpose of a pilot study and give details of your
proposed pilot study.


Procedure for main study

Here you have to provide a succinct account of how the study
will be carried out: step-by-step details
such as where you will carry out interviews, how they will be
recorded etc.


Ethical considerations

You must provide a detailed discussion exploring any relevant
ethical issues pertaining to your proposed
research study (protection of participants’ safety,
confidentiality etc.). A participant information sheet and
participant consent form must be prepared and included in the
appendices.

Chapter 3: Planning the research project (400 words)

Anticipated outcome of the study

Discuss the expected outcomes (linked to initial research
question or aims and objectives) of your
proposed study. Give a short explanation of how the findings

5. can be disseminated.

Time scale

Prepare a detailed time-scale or time frame for the proposed
study (you are to assume that the study
would be carried out over an 18-month period).

Resources

Prepare a realistic budget:

appropriate)



postage)







References

Use the Referencing System described in the RCN House Style
for Writing document, which you have
used throughout your course .You will loose marks for
inaccurate or incomplete referencing.


Participant Information Sheet and Participant Consent Form
(must be attached in the appendix)

6. 3



Some indication of the questions to be asked should be included
if appropriate to the
methodology


Check List: WRITING YOUR RESEARCH PROPOSAL



# CONTENT Yes NO

1 Abstract
Does abstract contain the essential parts of the research?



2 Chapter 1: : Literature review (2100 words)



Introduction Does the topic Introduced with a clear problem
statement?

Literature
Review

Does Literature show evidence of a range of international,
national
and regional empirical studies

7. Does the Literature review critically evaluated –





employed within such studies
ateness of these research study

designs including data collection and data analysis techniques


studies identifying gaps in the research literature



Justification


Does the study justify? ( Impact of the study
findings/prevalence….


Research
question


Research question
Is it interrogative that is, posed as a question and not as a

statement;


Research Aim

8. and objectives


A statement of the hypothesis or aims and objectives

Is it clearly stated and gave an indication of the expected
outcome
of the research study.

Are they realistic and achievable within the period of the
proposed
study?



Chapter 2 :Methodology (3300 words)



Design


Does your study clearly identify the design e.g. quantitative –
correlational or qualitative –and reasons for your choice of
study
methodology?

Is the proposed study central to the discussion with the
research
literature offering support to your proposed choice?



Setting

9. Is setting of the proposed study identified with discussion of
the
rationale for selecting this setting?



Population /
Sample


Are details of your choice of sampling technique and sample
size,

as well as details about the participants (i.e. age, gender,
religion,
medical conditions, employed, etc). Inclusion and exclusion
criteria stated along with the rationale for these decisions.






4


Methods of
data collection


Is there a discussion of how, when and where the data will be
collected in the proposed study?

Are the samples of the data tools described and attached as an
appendix (i.e. questionnaires, interview schedules, and
participant

10. consent letters.

Is there a rationale provided for the appropriateness of the
tool?



Robustness of
data
collection
methods


Did the Quantitative study identify the issues regarding the
reliability and validity of any measurement tools to be
employed?
Did the Qualitative study identify the robustness of the study

(consistency, truthfulness and transferability)?



Data analysis


Is there a discussion of the methods of analysis of data?
Is the specific statistical tests to be utilised and the statistical

package that will be used (i.e. SPSS Version 11) discussed if
the
study is quantitative?

Are the guidelines for qualitative data analysis provided clearly
including model used?

Is data management and data protection explained?

11. Ethical
considerations


Is there a detailed discussion exploring any relevant ethical
issues
pertaining to your proposed research study (protection of
participants’ safety, confidentiality etc.) provided?

Are the participant information sheet and participant consent
form
prepared and included in the appendices?



Pilot study


Is the purpose of a pilot study explained?
Is the detail of your proposed pilot study provided?


Procedure for
main study



Have you provided a succinct account of how the study will be

carried out: step-by-step details?

12. Chapter 3: Planning the research project (400 words)




Anticipated
outcome of
the study


Is there a discussion of the expected outcomes (linked to initial
research question or aims and objectives) of your proposed
study?

Is there a short explanation of how the findings can be
disseminated?



Time scale


Is there a detailed time-scale or time frame for the proposed
study
prepared?



Resources/
Budget


Is there a realistic budget for the study prepared?

13. References


Is there a list of references and Used the Referencing System
described in the RCN House Style for writing document?



Appendix Participant Information Sheet and Participant Consent
Form
Is the Participant Information Sheet and Participant Consent

Form, sample data collection tool attached in the appendix?



Turnitin
Is the proposal checked for plagiarism in the draft submission?



Note: Please check your proposal before binding it for
completion of all the chapters,

format and contact your teacher for further clarification.


List of content:
The content
Pages
Table of content
2
Acknowledgment
3
Abstract
4

14. Literature review
5-
Significant of the study

Aim, Objectives and Research question

Methodology

Setting

Population

Sampling

Tools for data collection

Robustness of the study

Ethical consideration

Pilot study

Data analysis

Process of data collection

Outcomes

Time scale

Budget

Appendix A: information leaflet

Appendix B: consent forms

15. Appendix C questionnaire part1

Appendix C: interview questionnaire part2

Reference





Acknowledgement:
First of all, I would like to thank my mother and my sister to
their emotional support, they encourage drove me into this
level. Then I have to say thanks to my teachers for their good
learning to me. Finally, I hope that my research study stimulates
nurses to give more and understand the importance of great
nursing profession.

16. The Effective of Nursing Education and Attitude to Improve
Knowledge in Palliative Care of Hospital- internationally.


Abstract:
This research going to describe the effect of nursing education
and attitude to improve knowledge in palliative care of hospital-
internationally. The palliative is medical specialty caring for
people with chronic and serous disease. This type of care
concentrate on rest of patient from the symptoms and stress
diseases. The aims is to improve clarity of life for both the
patient and their family. However nursing education and
attitude have real affect on patient health, by improve nursing
education patient care can improved. Even if the nurse dos not
have enough education she can progress himself by continuous
learning. "The 2011 Public Opinion Strategies found that most
Americans believe that palliative care should be made available
to all hospitals "(Center to Advance Palliative Care [CAPC],
2011).



Background: Long work in medical area can affect in the
Knowledge and attitude for the nurse it could in bad or good
way, So the nurse have to improve himself to achieve the
standard of care for patient in Palliative Care. Because of
around the world the numbers of patients who`s need palliative
care is increased, and the nurse come from the first line of
patient care.

17. Method: A quantitative study will used to explore the determine
the knowledge and attitude of Saudi nurse who is provide care
for palliative patient.

Data collection:
Data collection is "the process of gathering and measuring
information on variables of interest, in an established
systematic fashion that enables one to answer stated research
questions, test hypotheses, and evaluate outcomes". The data
collection component of research is joint to all areas of study
inclusive physical and social sciences with humanities,
business, etc. While process differ by discipline, the assurance
on guarantee accurate and truthful collection leftover the
selfsame.
The 2nd one is observations. This method allows
to the study of the dynamics of a condition or hesitancy counts
of target behaviors, or more like behaviors as indicated by
needs of the evaluation. However still there are more methods
such as Questionnaires and Surveys. They are response to
analyzed with quantitative types by assigning numerical values
to Likert-type scales. The outcomes are generally easier (than
qualitative techniques) to analyze
Pretest and Posttest it can be compared and anatomize. This
research will use surveys questionnaires to assess the nursing
knowledge, by using palliative care knowledge test, was taken
by 363 nursing from In multi-specialty hospitals.

Key words: Palliative care, Knowledge and attitude of Saudi
nurse.

18. Introduction:
This research study want to focus about how the nursing
education and attitude in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia affect,
particulary for patients in need of palliative care, by Know
some special consideration. Nursing education includes of the
theoretical and practical training economizer to nurses with
goals to prepare them for their duties as nursing care
professionals. This kind of education is provided to nursing
students by accredited experienced nurses and other medical
professionals who is responsible to train them and have
qualified or experienced for educational mission. Most
countries offer nurse education courses that can be link to
general nursing or to specialized areas in nursing profession
contain medical, surgical with mental health nursing and
pediatric nursing. In addition, the nurse can work with patient
who is need palliative care with serious diseases in different
sections such as oncology department. Nurse learning also
provides post-qualification training courses in specialist

19. subjects within nursing profession to improve his knowledge,
that will lead to provide better care for patients.
All of the people deserve palliative care because all will reach
the end of life in some day, and it could they need care from
others because of they had illness. From the education and
attitude of the nurse she can improve the quality of patient life
with chronic diseases. "In 2015, 75% of all hospitals in the
United States were providing palliative care services (CAPC,
2016)". The growing numbers demand for palliative care
services request the need for Knowledge among hospital-based
nurses to provide effectively palliative care for patients with
serious illness and their families members. Palliative care goals
to prevent or control of symptoms of chronic diseases.
Moreover, palliative can concentrate and may be treat or relief
the emotional, social, practical, and spiritual problems that
illnesses can bring up. If the person feel`s better in those sides
that will make him feel and have comfortable life or at least
reduce the stress associated with the disease. "Palliative care
can be given at the same time as treatments meant to cure or
treat the disease. Palliative care may be given when the illness
is diagnosed, throughout treatment, during follow-up, and at the
end of life".
All multidisciplinary team can provide care for patient who
need to palliative care. But some providers specialize in it.
"said a multidisciplinary team is a group of health care workers
who are members of different disciplines. The activities of the
team are brought together using a care plan". This coordinates
their services and gets the team working together towards a
specific set of goals. Sometimes the person has a key worker,
who becomes the main point of contact for the person. Palliative
care may be given by": A team of doctors, nurses and nurse
practitioners, physician assistants, registered dietitians and
social workers". They all work together to achieve best care for
patients. to reach out the care plan all nurses have to progress
them self by continuous learning and be aware about patients
rights. Be attitude one of the best way to show respect for

20. patients.

Literature Review:
"A literature review discusses published information in a
particular subject area, and sometimes information in a
particular subject area within a certain time period". Regarding
to Webster, J. 2002 literature review can be known as the
searching and evaluating of specific topic that can be chosen. It
also documents the condition of the topic or the subject that
will be written about. There are four essential purposes of using
literature review. First, the chosen area of the study in the
literature will be surveys. It also make a summary for the
literature by synthesizes the information. It also analysis the
gathered information critically by specifying gaps in present
knowledge by showing points of view and limitations of
theories, and by areas formulating for more researches and
reviewing areas of dispute. Finally, it shows the literature in
organized way. The literature review shows to the readers that
the researcher have a deep knowledge about the topic, and
where the research can be fitting and add into present body of
agreed knowledge.


Purpose/ Aim of study:
The purpose of study to determine the knowledge and attitude of
international nurse who is provide care for palliative patient.


Education in Palliative care:
Palliative care can be known as a dynamic field, and its famous
now as a medical specialty with nature of inherent
interdisciplinary. Palliative care need to be focused in how to
relief patients suffering from serious debilitating illness or with
life threatening, and give the best quality of support for patient
and family life. Palliative care field include nursing, medicine,
psychology, social work, rehabilitation, and nutrition. Even

21. though the depth of support of the patient is obtainable from
each discipline, its change from institution to another.
Nowadays there is specialist in palliative care and it can be
nurse. It should to formation relationship partnership between
the care provider and the patient also with his family. Palliative
care teams include the nurse, they offer n extra layer of support
if the patient need more. More over to treating the side effect
of symptoms and stress with coordinates and communicates with
all of your doctors. They support every step of the way.
"Nurses spend more time with patients and families than
any other health professional as they face serious illness. Expert
nursing care reduces the distress and burdens of those facing
death, and the ability to offer support for unique physical,
social, psychological, and spiritual needs of the patients and
their families". "Many studies show that the nurses
demonstrated a commitment to palliative care, with some nurses
displaying even bigger action in the treatment of end-of-life
patients or for patient with serious diseases". The nurse can
educate the palliative care patient or his family every things
start from their right, how to deal with disease and give them
the support.

Knowledge/ attitude of Nursing:
The nurse have to progressing in the Knowledge and maintains
the attitude because she can affect directly in patient life.
Kassa, (2014) studied 341 nurses who is repay with a survey
concerning the assessment of knowledge, attitudes, and follow
up for the purpose of palliative care. Their finding detected that
104 nurses had considerable knowledge about palliative care
and 259 nurses had sufficient attitudes towards end of life care
(Kassa, et al, 2014). El-Nagar and Lawend (2013)surveyed
nurses’ palliative care knowledge by studying a appropriate
sample of 30 registered nurses (RNs) in the pediatric
department and intensive care units. They reported that 50%
respond accurately about allow Morphine as the standard
analgesic in chronically ill babies in the pretest compared to

22. 76.7% of respond in the posttest (El-Nagar & Lawend, 2013).
The study of El-Nagar and Lawend (2013) consummated that
nurses have dependability to care for palliative care children
after a palliative care education and improve them self by Raise
the level of knowledge.
In case of the important of the nursing knowledge. This
study mention Knowledge and practice of participants were not
satisfying; "however, their attitude towards pharmacovigilance
was at a high level. About 91% of the nurses had never reported
an ADR. Most nurses liked to report the ADRs to the physicians
(87.1%) and pharmacists in the hospital's adverse drug
reactions( ADR) center (1.8%) more than the ADR National
Center". The major reason of under-reporting of the suspected
ADRs was not realization to the existence of such a national
center.


Justification:
justification mean it is an acceptable reason for doing
something : something that justifies an act or way of behaving.
The reason behind this study is the real need to increase the
nurses who is knowledgeable and have good attitude to the
patients who is need palliative care. Because many research
study mention the increase number of serious diseass ,so that
need more good and effective care. "Many Americans die in
facilities such as hospitals or nursing homes receiving care that
is not consistent with their wishes".

Objectives:
- Assess the level of knowledge.
- Identify attitude.
Research Question:
Dose Saudi nurse have enough knowledge and attitude to
provide effect care to palliative patient?

23. Chapter 2
Methodology:
Design:


By (Madelyn ,2018) she mention what is the impact
of "The Effect of Palliative Care Nursing Education to Improve
Knowledge in Palliative Care of Hospital Based Nurses Caring
for Patients with Chronic, Serious Illness". With using
qualitative methods to explore his research. mr Madelyn support
his study with evidence based practice to expound how the
palliative care nursing provides care for the leisure of pain and
anguish everywhere the track of a patient’s chronic, serious
illness. Hospital-based nurses need to be supply with palliative
care nursing knowledge to tool up best care for patients and
their families to progress the goodness of life. Lack of
education in pain and symptom management also,
communication about aims of care can out coms in a
substandard and altitude cost of care.

24. Setting:






References:

Grant, M., Elk, R., Ferrell, B., Morrison, R. S., & Von Gunten,
C. F. (2009). Current status of palliative care—clinical
implementation, education, and research. CA: a cancer journal
for clinicians, 59(5), 327-335.

Sartre, J. P. (1967). What is literature?.




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