2 _ LuisaA.ppt

transplat

1. Face Transplants
And
Computerized Surgical
Planning
Luisa Arias
BME 281: Section 2

2. Face Transplant History
Patients with disfigured faces
Burns
Accidents
Disease
Birth defects
Before face transplants:
Multiple surgeries to transfer skin to face
Patients face could be replanted

3. Face Transplants
There are two types:
Partial Face Transplant:
First successful one France 2005
Only use part of donor's face for patient
Full Face Transplant
First successful one Spain 2010
Donor's entire face is transplanted onto patient

4. Richard Norris

5. Computerized Surgical Planning
Modern way to plan surgeries
High resolution cross-sectional images
3D images can be analyzed on computers
Allows surgeons to perform surgery before actual
surgery
Procedure with fewer risks
More time efficient
See how donor’s face fits on patient
See what has to be modified on cranium
3D models used in surgery room

6. CSP: How It Works
Doctors get a model of patient (CT, MRI, X-Rays, etc.)
Transfer result to computer for 3D model
Includes landmark features to be able to align
Analyze model for usable data
Bones, tissues, blood vessels
Surgery planned and stimulated using 3D model
Model used in operating room as guide

7. Limitations
Ethical debate on how to deal with donors
In 2011 face transplant cost $353,480
Not always covered by insurance
Surgery lasts 8-36 hours followed by 10-14 hospital stay
Infections can require second transplant or reconstruction
with skin graft
Patient’s immune system compromised
Immunosuppressive drugs for lifetime
$14,000-$20,000 a year

8. Future
Continue to improve Computer systems
Reduce risk of infection
Find a way to avoid compromising immune system
Figure out how to solve ethical issue

9. References
Alves, PatríciaV. et al. "Three-Dimensional Computerized Orthognathic
Surgical Treatment Planning."Clinics in Plastic Surgery34.3 (2007): 427-36.
Web
"Computer Assisted Surgery."Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, n.d.Web.
"Face Transplant."Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 31 Aug. 2014. Web.
McKenzie, Hamish. "How to Do a Face Transplant."PandoDailyHow to Do
a Face Transplant Comments. Pandodaily, 1 Apr. 2013. Web.
Metz, Lionel N., and Shane Burch. "Computer-Assisted Surgical Planning
and Image-Guided Surgical Navigation in Refractory Adult Scoliosis
Surgery."Spine33.9 (2008): E287-292. Web.
Park, Madison. "The Price Tag for the First Face Transplant in the U.S.
Is..."The Chart RSS. CNN, 27 Jan. 2011. Web.
Soga, S., et al. "CT Angiography for Surgical Planning in Face
Transplantation Candidates."American Journal of Neuroradiology34.10
(2013): 1873-881. Web