21ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD.pptx

21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
General Description: This course aims to engage students in appreciation and critical study of 21st Century Literature from the Philippines and the World encompassing their various dimensions, genres, elements, structures, contexts, and traditions.

1. READING AND REVOLUTION WHAT DO YOU KNOW ABOUT THE PUBLICATION OF NOLI ME TANGERE AND HOW IT AFFECTED THE PHILIPPINES? DO YOU THINK THAT NOVELS IN THE PHILIPPINES ARE AS IMPORTANT AS THEY USED TO BE WHEN THE NOLI WAS PUBLISHED IN 1987? ARE PEOPLE STILL INSPIRED BY NOVELS? WHAT IS IT ABOUT READING LONG TEXTS, SUCH AS SHORT STORIES OR NOVELS THAT MAKES IT DIFFERENT FROM READING TWEETS AND FACEBOOK STATUS POSTS? WHAT IS THE IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE FOR THE FACEBOOK GENERATION?

2. ACTIVITY 1 – FAMILY TREE MAP YOUR FAMILY TREE. TRY TO FIND OUT WHO YOUR RELATIVES ARE AS FAR BACK AS YOUR GREAT – GREAT – GRANDFATHER, IF POSSIBLE. DRAW YOUR FAMILY TREE, AND BESIDE THE NAMES OF YOUR RELATIVES, MAKE A SKETCH OF THE HISTORICAL EVENTS THAT HAPPENED IN THEIR LIFETIME.

3. ACTIVITY 2 – EXCERPT READING THE REVOLUTION ACCORDING TO RAYMUNDO MATA – GINA APOSTOL

4. GUIDE QUESTIONS WHY DID THE NOLI ME TANGERE HAVE SUCH A BIG IMPRESSION ON THE NARRATOR? HAVE YOU EVER FELT THE SAME ABOUT A BOOK THAT YOU HAD READ? WHAT BOOK WAS IT? WHY DID IT LEAVE SUCH A HUGE IMPRESSION ON YOU? WHAT DOES THE LINE, “ART IS A REPROACH TO THOSE WHO RECEIVE IT.” MEAN SHOULD ART BE REPROACH? SHOULD WE RELATE ART TO SOCIETY? EXPLAIN YOUR VIEWS.

5. GUIDE QUESTIONS WHEN YOU READ ABOUT HOW SO MANY PEOPLE WERE AFFECTED BY THE NOVEL NOLI ME TANGERE, WHAT WAS YOUR REACTION? DO YOU THINK A BOOK CAN EVER ELICIT SUCH A STRONG RESPONSE IN THE PHILIPPINES? WHEN TTHE ACT OF READING WAS A HISTORIC ACT, WHAT DID HE MEAN? DO YOU THINK THIS IS TRUE EVEN TODAY? DURING THOSE TIMES, DO YOU THINK YOU WOULD HAVE BEEN MOVED TO FIGHT AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT AFTER READING THE NOVEL?

6. GUIDE QUESTIONS THEY SAY THAT THE ACT OF READING GIVES PEOPLE MORE EMPATHY AND MAKES THEM MORE CRITICAL AND REFLECTIVE. DO YOU THINK THIS IS TRUE? GIVEN THIS EXCERPT, WHAT DO YOU THINK IS THE IMPORTANCE OF LITERATURE TO SOCIETY? IS THIS STILL APPLICABLE TODAY? WHY IS THE NOLI ME TANGERE, A BOOK THAT WAS BANNED IN THE PAST, NOW A REQUIRED READING IN THE PHILIPPINE SCHOOLS? WHY DID THE CATHOLIC CHURCH GO AGAINST MAKING THE NOLI A REQUIREMENT? DO YOU THINK THERE SHOULD EVER BE A TIME WHEN CERTAIN BOOKS SHOULD BANNED? WHY OR WHY NOT?

7. GROUP ACTIVITY – POSTER MAKING WITH A SMALL GROUP, CREATE A POSTER SLOGAN SHOWING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN READING AND REVOLUTION IN THE PAST, AND THE IMPORTANCE OF READING AND SOCIETY IN THE PRESENT DAY. ON A PEACE OF PAPER, WRITE THE TITLE OF YOUR POSTER AND YOUR INSIGHTS ABOUT THE IMPORTANCE OF READING AND NURTURING A NATION OF READERS. DISPLAY THE POSTER SLOGAN AROUND YOUR CLASSROOM.

8. 21 ST CENTURY LITERATURE FROM THE PHILIPPINES AND THE WORLD The death of a hero

9. The death of a hero What do you know about Jose Rizal? What do you feel about Jose Rizal? Why do people often compare and contrast Rizal and Bonifacio? Do you consider Jose Rizal a revolutionary? Why or why not?

10. Semantic mapping With classmate, create a semantic map about everything you know about Rizal, and all of his achievements and contributions to Philippine society.

11. According to the National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA 2011), there has been no official proclamation of any Filipino historical figure as our national hero. NCCA states that even Jose Rizal considered as the greatest among the Filipino heroes, was not explicitly proclaimed as a national hero. The position he now holds in Philippine history is a tribute to the continued veneration or acclamation of the people in recognition of his contribution to the significant social transformations that took place on our country.

12. Padre faura witnesses the execution of rizal BY DANTON REMOTO The poem you are about to read is an imagined narrative by a priest of the Ateneo, Padre Faura , on how he feels about his old student, Jose Rizal.

13. Guide questions Who is Pepe? Explain? Why does Pepe ask the persona about purgatory? The poem talks about the nature of stars. Can you explain what he means, in terms of science? This discussion of a star is also a metaphor. What is it a metaphor for? Explain? Why was Rizal executed? How is this similar idea of a star? What would you say was Rizal’s greatest contribution to Philippine society?

14. If you were Rizal’s place, would you have supported the Katipunan? Why or Why not? Who do you consider as our national hero? Jose Rizal or Andres Bonifacio?

15. Group activity In a small group, write and perform a song about Jose Rizal. You may use lines from either Rizal or Remoto’s poem. The Rubrics in grading your song will be as follows: 40%b – creativity 40% - critical thinking 20% - melody

16. Geographic, Linguistic and Ethnic Dimensions of Philippine Literary History from Pre-Colonial to the Contemporary

17. PRE-SPANISH LITERATURE - is characterized by: Folk tales . These are made up of stories about life, adventure, love, horror, and humor where one can derive lessons. An example of this is THE MOON AND THE SUN . The Epic Age . Epics are long narrative poems in which a series of heroic achievements or events, usually of a hero, are dealt with at length. Folk Songs. These are one of the oldest forms of Philippine literature that emerged in the pre-Spanish period. These songs mirrored the early forms of culture. Many of these have 12 syllables. Examples of which are Kundiman, Kumintang o Tagumpay , Ang Dalit o Imno , Ang Oyayi o Hele, Diana, Soliraning and Talindaw

18. Understanding Literary History Literature in this period may be classified as religious prose and poetry and secular prose and poetry. Spanish Influences On Philippine Literature - The first Filipino alphabet, called ALIBATA , was replaced by the Roman alphabet. Also, the teaching of the Christian Doctrine became the basis of religious practices . European legends and traditions brought here became assimilated in our songs, corridos , and moro-moros . Folk Songs - It manifests the artistic feelings of the Filipinos and shows their innate appreciation for and love of beauty . The examples are Leron-Leron Sinta , Pamulinawen , Dandansoy , Sarong Banggi , and Atin Cu Pung Sing-sing.

19. Recreational Plays - There were many recreational plays performed by Filipinos during the Spanish times. Almost all of them were in a poetic form such Cenaculo , Panunuluyan , Salubong and Zarzuela.

20. PERIOD OF ENLIGHTENMENT (1972- 1898) The Propaganda Movement (1872-1896) - This movement was spearheaded mostly by the intellectual middle-class like Jose Rizal, Marcelo del Pilar; Graciano Lopez Jaena , Antonio Luna, Mariano Ponce, Jose Ma. Panganiban, and Pedro Paterno. Some of Rizal’s writings: Noli Me Tangere, Mi Ultimo Adios, Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos and Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aňos . Some of Del Pilar’s writings: Pagibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country), Kaingat Kayo (Be Careful), and Dasalan at Tocsohan (Prayers and Jokes).

21. Some of Jaena’s writings: Ang Fray Botod , La Hija Del Fraile (The Child of the Friar), and Everything Is Hambug (Everything is mere show), Sa Mga Pilipino...1891), and Talumpating Pagunita Kay Kolumbus (An Oration to Commemorate Columbus).

22. THE AMERICAN REGIME (1898-1944) The languages used in writing were Spanish and Tagalog and the dialects of the different regions. But the writers in Tagalog, continued in their lamentations on the conditions of the country and their attempts to arouse love for one’s native tongue and the writers in English imitated the themes and methods of the Americans.

23. THE JAPANESE PERIOD (1941-1945) Philippine Literature was interrupted in its development when another foreign country, Japan, conquered the Philippines between1941-1945. Philippine literature in English came to a halt. This led to all newspapers not to be circulated in the community except for TRIBUNE and PHILIPPINE REVIEW . Filipino Poetry during this period - The common theme of most poems during the Japanese occupation was nationalism, country, love, and life in the barrios, faith, religion, and the arts.

24. Three types of poems emerged during this period: a. Haiku , a poem of free verse that the Japanese like. It was made up of 17 syllables divided into three lines and b. Tanaga – like the Haiku, is short, but it had measure and rhyme. c. Karaniwang Anyo (Usual Form)

25. PHILIPPINE LITERATURE IN ENGLISH (1941-1945) Because of the strict prohibitions imposed by the Japanese in the writing and publishing of works in English, Philippine literature in English experienced a dark period. For the first twenty years, many books were published both in Filipino and in English.

26. PERIOD OF ACTIVISM (1970-1972) According to Pociano Pineda , youth activism in 1970-72 was due to domestic and worldwide causes. Because of the ills of society , the youth moved to seek reforms . The Literary Revolution - The youth became vocal with their sentiments. They demanded a change in the government. It was manifested in the bloody demonstrations and the sidewalk expressions and also in literature.

27. PERIOD OF THE NEW SOCIETY (1972- 1980) The period of the New Society started on September 21, 1972. The Carlos Palanca Awards continued to give annual awards. Poems dealt with patience, regard for native culture, customs, and the beauties of nature and surroundings. Newspapers donned new forms.

28. PERIOD OF THE THIRD REPUBLIC (1981-1985) After ten years of military rule and some changes in the life of the Filipino, which started under the New Society, Martial Rule was at last lifted on January 2, 1981 . The Philippines became a new nation, and this, former President Marcos called “The New Republic of the Philippines.” Poems during this period of the Third Republic were romantic and revolutionary. Many Filipino songs dealt with themes that were true-to-life like those of grief, poverty, aspirations for freedom, love of God, of country and fellowmen.

29. POST-EDSA 1 REVOLUTION (1986-1995) History took another twist. Once more, the Filipino people regained their independence, which they lost twenty years ago. In four days from February 21-25, 1986, the so-called People Power ( Lakas ng Bayan) prevailed. It was noticed in the new Filipino songs, newspapers, speeches, and even in the television programs. The now crony newspapers that enjoyed an overnight increase in circulation were THE INQUIRER, MALAYA, and the PEOPLE’S JOURNAL .

30. 21st CENTURY PERIOD The new trends have been used and introduced to meet the needs and tastes of the new generation. 21st Century learners are demanded to be ICT inclined to compete with the style and format of writing as well. New codes or lingos are used to add flavor in the literary pieces produced nowadays.

31. Who’s who? Identify the author of the following literary pieces written by the Ilustrados .

32. Sa Mga Pilipino Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

33. Graciano Lopez Jaena

34. Mi Ultimo Adios Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

35. Jose p. rizal

36. Filipinas Dentro De Cien Aňos Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

37. Jose p. rizal

38. La Hija del Fraile Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

39. Graciano lopez jaena

40. El Filibusterismo Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

41. Jose p. rizal

42. Kaingat Kayo Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

43. Marcelo h. del pilar

44. Ang Fray Botod Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

45. Marcelo h. del pilar

46. Sobre La Indolencia Delos Filipinos Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

47. Jose p. rizal

48. Dasalan at Tocsohan Jose Rizal Marcelo H. Del Pilar Graciano Lopez Jaena

49. Marcelo h. del pilar