3.-Fish-Anatomy-Respiratory-Reproductive (1).ppt

Anatomy lesson

1. Basic Fish AnatomyBasic Fish Anatomy
Tersa Regalado-CastilloTersa Regalado-Castillo
Faculty, College of Fisheries, FatimaFaculty, College of Fisheries, Fatima
General Santos CityGeneral Santos City

2. Respiratory SystemRespiratory System
Components: gills
Function: Exchange of gases

3. Respiratory system…Respiratory system…
Gills – main site of respiration or gas
exchange
Parts:gill arch (bony structure)
gill rakers (hard projections)
gill filaments ( threadlike
structures)

5. Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Components: Heart
Blood vessels
Blood
Function:Transport of gases, hormones
and nutrients,
transport of metabolic wastes
to excretory organs

6. Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
Fish heart
It is known as the pump of blood which is
situated immediately posterior to the gills
protected by the pectoral girdles
Parts: auricle (atrium)
ventricle
sinus venosus
truncus arteriosus

7. Fish Heart of Bony Fish

8. Fish BloodFish Blood
Components:
1. plasma fluid part
2. cells red blood cells
white blood cells

9. Blood vessels (Ugat)Blood vessels (Ugat)
•Arteries
•Veins
•capillaries

10. Blood circulationBlood circulation
From the body of the fish ---- blood enters
the heart through the sinus venosus ----
proceeds to the atrium / auricle ----
ventricle ---- goes out of the ventral aorta
---- proceed to the gills via the afferent
branchial arteries for oxygenation ---- goes
out of the efferent branchial arteries ---- to
the dorsal aorta --- to the body for oxygen
distribution

11. Excretory SystemExcretory System
Components kidney and its parts
Function: Excretion of metabolic
wastes

12. ExcretionExcretion
The process of ridding or removal of
body wastes or metabolic wastes
including excess water, gases, salts
and organic materials, especially
disposal of nitrogenous materials to
avoid internal flooding

14. Swim Bladder Removed to show the Kidney
Kidney

15. Components of UrineComponents of Urine
Freshwater FishMarine water fish
Creatinecreatine
Creatinenecreatinene
Nitrogenous compoundsnitrogenous
cmpds
trimethylamine oxide(TMO)

16. Reproductive SystemReproductive System
Components reproductive organs
(testes & ovaries)
Function Perpetuation of the species

17. Types of reproductionTypes of reproduction
•Bisexual reproduction – sperms and
eggs develop in separate individuals
•Hermaphroditism – also known as
intersexuality where both sexes are
in one individual
•Parthenogenesis – also known as
gynogenesis where development occurs
without fertilization

18. The reproductive systemThe reproductive system
•The glands/gonadsovaries
testes
•The sex cells eggs
sperms

19. Sex cells formationSex cells formation
•Spermatogenesis
Process of sperm cell formation
in the testes
•Oogenesis
Process of egg development in
the ovaries of female fishes

20. Testes with milt Ovary with ripe eggs

21. Early and Later Life History of Early and Later Life History of
FishesFishes
Development is an endless process,
continuing from generation to generation
•Begins upon fertilization, by the
spermatozoa, of the egg, then, attainment
of maturity and reproduction (afford
continuity) and ends with death

22. Early and Later Life…Early and Later Life…
Spermatogenesis and Oogenesis are thus
non-terminal stages which are preparatory
for the next generation
•In normal fertilization, only one sperm
enters the micropyle and only one sperm
is involved in fertilization ( of the egg)

24. Early and Later Life…Early and Later Life…
Hatching (in many fishes) is aided by
secretions of special glands on the head or
inside the mouth
Secretions are generally enzymatic
(chorionases) in nature and weaken or
even liquefy the chorion
Newly-hatched fish will undergo development

25. Early and Later Life…Early and Later Life…
Early development in fishes is divided into:
1.Embryonic development (early)
2.Transitional embryonic or larval
3.Post embryonic development which starts
with juvenile

26. Early and Later Life…Early and Later Life…
Early embryonic period:
•Starts when the egg is fertilized by a
sperm and ends when the embryo has
attained the generalized organ systems as
they appear in common among all fish
embryos

27. Early and Later Life…Early and Later Life…
Transitional phase of embryonic
development:
•Involves the transformation of the
generalized organ systems and body form
of the early embryonic stage into those
resembling the adult, thus the definitive
body form is attained

28. Early and Later Life…Early and Later Life…
Post embryonic development:
•Has 3 substages to include:

juvenile
sexually mature adult and
senescent phases

29. Age and Growth
Growth is expressed in terms of:
1. length
2. weight
•It is represented by a curve when
plotted in a graph against time or
period

30. Factors which affect Growth of Fishes
•Genetic Factors
•Environmental Factors
•Nutritional Factors

32. Age Determination
•By year marks on bony parts
1. scales
2. opercular bones
3. spines
4. otolith

33. Longevity of Fishes
•Species with large individuals may be
expected to exhibit older ages than
species with little fish
•Most fishes that grow longer than one
(1) foot or 30 cm. have life span of 4-5
years
•Less than one (1) foot, have life span of
2 years or less