3 KKK (RPH)1 READING IN PHILIPPINES HISTORY _20250814_081625_0000.pdf

1 READING IN hhhPHILIPPINES HISTORY _20250814_081625_0000.pdf

1. Reading in the Philippine History Prepared by: Andrea Dela Vega Antonie Bonecillo Noel Nunez

2. Learning Objectives Identify Emilio Jacinto as the Author of the Kartilya ng Katipunan Define the term “ Kartilya ” and its purpose within the Katipunan List the 14 principles or teachings outlined in the Kartilya

3. Learning Content : Kartilya ng Katipunan Emilio Jacinto Katipunan 14 utos ng Katipunan

4. What is Kartilya ? Written on 1892 by Emilio Jacinto It’s a small pamphlet that was given to a new member of katipunan Kartilya originate from the world “ Cartilla ” which mean the paper gaven to a new student in learning specific. Served as the guidebook for new Katipunan members

5. Outlined moral and ethical conduct for revolutionaries ​ Aimed to inspire unity, patriotism, and sacrifice Kartilya is concist of 14 moral and ethical values that direct to emphasized this valuable concepts: Freedom, Brotherhood, Righteousness, Excellence, Enlightment , Liberty, and Equality. There are two major classifications of rules and values stated inside the Kartilya . The first group contains the rules that will that member upright individual and second group contains the rules that will guide the way he traits his fellow men.

6. The Kartilya ng Katipunan pertains to focus of “What Katipunero should do” rather tha stating Do’s and Dont’s of a certain individual.

7. Emilio Jacinto The Author of the document “ Kartilya ng Katipunan ” He was recognized as the “ Brain of the Katipunan ” He was pen name was “Dimas Ilaw ” also known by the group as “ Pingkian ” Born on December 15, 1875 and April 16, 1899 he died due of Malaria in Majayjay Laguna His Parents were Mariano Jacinto and Josefina Dizon At the very young age his father was died leaving him the sole responsibility to finance in his education. Due to poverty he was force to live with his uncle, Jose Dizon . He studied in San Juan De Letran and later moved to University of Sto . Tomas taking the course of Bachelor of Law.

8. He also served as the editor oh “ kalayaan ”, the official newspaper of the katipunan . During the outbreak of Philippine Revolution in 1896, he joined the Katipunan , a revolutionary movement founded by Andres Bonifacio to overthrow the Spanish government. Emilio Jacinto was a key leader in the Filipino fight for independence from Spain at a young age. At just 23, Jacinto left a legacy through his words and actions for the Philippine Revolution. Jacinto's principles emphasized equality and human dignity, impacting the future direction of the Philippines

9. THE KATIPUNAN

10. The Founding of the Katipunan On July 7, 1892, the newspapers published the news about the arrest of Rizal the previous night and the governor-general's order to banish him to Dapitan . Patriotic Filipinos met at a house on Azcarraga Street, Manila (now Claro M. Recto Ave.) these men were Andres Bonifacio , Teodoro Plata, Valentin Diaz, Ladislao Diwa , Deodato Arellano. They organized the secret society called " Kataastaasan Kagalanggalangang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan KKK or Katipunan).

11. The Aims and Structure of the Katipunan Andres Bonifacio laid down three primary objectives of the Katipunan: civic, political, and moral. Civic was based on the principle of self-help and the defense of the weak and the poor. Political was the separation of the Philippines from Spain to secure the independence of the colony. Moral focused on the teaching of good manners, hygiene, and good moral character .

12. The Katipunan Government : The Katipunan had three governing bodies: The Kataastaasang Sanggunian or Supreme Council, the Sangguniang Bayan or Provincial Council, and Sangguniang Balangay or Popular Council. Respectively, they were the equivalent of the central government, the provincial government, and the municipal government.

13. Judicial Council - Sangguniang Hukuman . Katipunan Assembly was composed of the members of the Supreme Council and the presidents of the Provincial Council. Secret Chamber Composed of Bonifacio , Emilio Jacinto, and Pio Valenzuela. The Chamber sentenced members who exposed the secrets of the Katipunan .

14. Three kinds od Membership: Katipunan - he first grade. Password- " Anak ng Bayan" Kawal - the second grade Password- Gom -Bur- Za Bayani - the third grade Password- Rizal Katipunan Code

15. The Katipunan Flags Aside from the secret codes, Bonifacio also wanted a flag to be used by the members as a symbol of their unity. With the help of his wife Gregoria de Jesus, a flag was made. Bonifacio also wanted a flag to be used by the members as a symbol of their unity. With the help of his wife Gregoria de Jesus, a flag was made.

16. The Teachings of the Katipunan 1. Love God with all your heart. 2. Bear always in mind that the love of God is also love of Country, and this, too, is love one's fellowmen. 3. Engrave in your heart that the true measure of honor and happiness is to die for the freedom of your country. 4. All your good wishes will be crowned with success if you have serenity, constancy, reason, and faith in your acts and endeavor. 5. Guard the mandates and aims of of the KKK as you guard your honor. 6. It is the duty of all to defend, at the risk of their own lives and wealth, anyone who runs great risks in the performance of his duty.

17. 7. Our responsibility to ourselves and the performance of our duties will be the example set for our fellowmen to follow. 8. Insofar as it is within your power, share your means with the poor and the unfortunate. 9. Diligence in the work that gives sustenance to you is the true basis of love - love for your own self, for your wife and children, and for your brothers and countrymen. 10. Punish any scoundrel and traitor and praise all good work. Believe, likewise, that the aims of the KKK are God-given, for the will of the people is also the will of God

18. The Kalayaan Jacinto purchased some templates to be used in printing the Katipunan newspaper. Other templates were stolen from Spanish printing press. Ulpiano Fernandez and Faustino Duque both Katipuneros managed the press. Dr. Pio Valenzuela suggested the name of the newspaper, Kalayaan . To mislead the Spanish authorities, they put Yokohama as the place of publication and Marcelo H. Del Pilar as the editor. Jacinto's Pahayag (Manifesto) and Bonifacio's poem, Pag-Ibig sa Tinubuang Lupa (Love of Country) were published in the issue of the Kalayaan . Jacinto used the pen names Pingkian and Dimas- Ilaw ; Bonifacio used Agapito Bagumbayan ; and Valenzuela used Madlang -Away.

19. Andres Bonifacio B orn on November 30, 1863 in Azcarraga St. near Manila Railroad Station. His parents Santiago Bonifacio and Catalina de Castro, belonged to the lower middle class. Has 3 brothers: Ciriaco , Procopio , and Troadio Has 2 sisters: Espiridiona and Maxima He sold canes and paper fans in his early years. He worked as a messenger of J.M. Fleming and Co., an English trading firm; and later, as an agent of the German.

20. At night, he read newspapers and books, which were all written in Spanish. He taught himself to read and write in this language and in time he became literate in Spanish. He felt sad and angry when Rizal executed on December 30, 1896 because a great Filipino was executed. Bonifacio was anti-friar and anti-Spanish. To him, they were all the same: greedy, immoral, cruel, and lazy. His poems in Tagalog, " Tapunan ng Lingap and Ang Mga Cazadrones attacked the Spaniards furiously. He called the Spaniards "White Cattle". His poem " Huling Hikbi ng Pilipinas " openly called for independence from colonial rule

21. EMILIO JACINTO Bonifacio found a twin soul in the Katipunan - the younger and intelligent Emilio Jacinto. Born in Tondo , Manila on December 15, 1875. Jacinto lived a hard life when he was young like Bonifacio . His father died early which compelled his mother to send him to his uncle's house for support. He first studied at San Juan de Letran and later transferred to the University of Santo Tomas where he studied Law. At 18. Jacinto joined at the Katipunan leaving his studies.

22. Bonifacio warmed up to him and a deep friendship developed between the two, then greatly influenced the Katipunan. He wrote in Tagalog, the language of the masses, except one poem in Spanish, A Mi Patria (Country) Jacinto believed that the people, the masses, could be reached only through their own language, so they both wrote in Tagalog. It is for this reason that Bonifacio and Jacinto succeeded in uniting the people behind them.

23. He also wrote Kartilla , Liwanag at Dilim , Pahayag , Sa Mga Kababayan and others. Bonifacio assigned him to lead the rebels in Laguna. He died in Mahayhay , Laguna on April 6, 1899 at the young age of twenty-four. August 19, 1896 when a KKK member, Teodoro Patiño told his sister Honoria about the existence of the Katipunan. Patiño was a worker in the printing press of Diario de Manila. Honoria was then living with nuns in a Mandaluyong orphanage. The information upset Honoria so much that she told the orphanage's Mother Superior, Sor Teresa de Jesus. They informed Fr. Mariano Gil, the parish priest of Tondo . Father Mariano Gil-accompanied by several Guardias Civiles immediately searched the premises of Diario de Manila and found evidence of the Katipunan's existence. The governor general was quickly informed. The printing press was padlocked and hundreds of suspected KKK members were arrested .

24. THE DISCOVERY OF THE KATIPUNAN August 23, 1896- Various wings of the Katipunan gathered at the house of Juan Ramos in Pugadlawin Ramos was the son of Melchora Aquino, also known as " Tandang Sora " and was later acknowledged as the Mother of the Katipunan ." Bonifacio asked his men whether they were willing to fight to the bitter end. Everyone shouted their approval. Bonifacio then asked them to tear their cedulas (residence certificates) to pieces, as a sign of their defiance and determination to rise against the Spaniards. The men immediately tore up their cedulas , shouting, Mabuhay ang Pilipinas (long live the Philippines) or the Cry of Pugadlawin .

25. THE CRY OF PUGADLAWIN Cavite soon became the center of the Revolution, and the Katipuneros there divided themselves into the Magdalo and Magdiwang factions. Baldomero Aguinaldo, brother of Emilio Aguinaldo, headed the Magdalo group, which was stationed in Kawit . General Mariano Alvarez led the Magdiwang group, which was stationed in Noveleta . General Aguinaldo's numerous victories in the battlefield made him the acknowledged revolutionary leader in Cavite. Aguinaldo was hailed as a hero. The adoring Caviteños referred to him as "General Miong " and no longer"Kapitan Miong ."

26. THE BIAK NA BATO REPUBLIC November 1,1897- the revolutionary leaders met and adopted a constitution titled the Provisional Constitution of the Philippine Republic. It was intended to be effective for two years. It was written by Isabelo Artacho and Felix Ferrer which was based on the Cuban Constitution known as Jimaguayu Constitution. On the same day, the Biak- na - Bato Republic was inaugurated and Emilio Aguinaldo was elected as President. December 14 & 15, 1897- The signing of the agreement known as Pact of Biak- na - Bato . The revolution had resulted to a stalemate between the colonial government and rebels. Governor General Primo de Rivera sent Pedro Paterno to Biak- na - Bato for peaceful negotiations with the revolutionaries, which began in August and concluded in December.

27. The conditions of the armistice (end of war between the Filipino revolutionist and Spaniards) included the self-exile of of Aguinaldo ar guinaldo and his officers in exchange for indemnity of Php 1,700,000 to be paid by the colonial government. The Php 800,000 was to be paid to those who would lay down their arms and the remaining Php 900,000.00 was to be distributed among the civilian population as indemnity for the damages created by the war. August 27, 1897-Aguinaldo and his men sailed to Hong Kong for self exile. January 23, 1898- The Spanish government announced the end of hostilities. January 25. 1898- The Spanish government proclaimed amnesty and it gave part of the promised money to the rebels in Hong Kong.

28. After the peace pact, neither side fully complied with the terms of the agreement. The government never instituted the expected reforms. Likewise, the Filipinos continued their plan to overthrow the government. Aguinaldo and his officers went into exile but did not end the fight to win independence from Spain. According to Mariano Ponce, General Emilio Aguinaldo had signed the Pact because the Filipino revolutionists could rest and regain their lost strength and then return to combat with renewed vigor .

29. The Katipunan Code of Conduct

30. 1. The life that is not consecrated to a lofty and reasonable purpose is a tre without a shade, if not a poisonous weed. 2. To do good for personal gain and not for its own sake is not virtue. 3. It is rational to be charitable and love one's fellow creature, and to adjus one's conduct, acts and words to what is in itself reasonable. 4. Whether our skin be black or white, we are all born equal: superiority in knowledge, wealth and beauty are to be understood, but not superiority by nature. 5. The honorable man prefers honor to personal gain, the scoundrel, gain te honor. 6. To the honorable man, his word is sacred.

31. 7 . Do not waste thy time; wealth can be recovered but not time lost 8 . Defend the oppressed and fight the oppressor before the law or in the field. 9. The prudent man is sparing in words and faithful in keeping secrets 10. On the thony path of life, man is the guide of woman and the children, and if the guide leads to the precipice, those whom he guides will also go there. 11. Thou must not look upon woman as a mere plaything, but as a faithful companion who will share with thee the penalties of life; her (physical) weakness will increase thy interest in her and she will remind thee of the mother who bore thee and reared thee,

32. 12 . What thou dost not desire done unto thy wife, children, brothers and sisters, that do not unto the wife, children, brothers and sisters of thy neighbor. 13. Man is not worth more because he is a king, because his nose is aquiline, and his color white, not because he is a "priest, a servant of God, nor because of the high prerogative that he enjoys upon earth, but he is worth most who is a man of proven and real value, who does good, keeps his words, is worthy and honest, he who does not oppress nor consent to being oppressed, he who loves and cherishes his fatherland, though he be born in the wilderness and know no tongue but his own.

33. 14. When these rules of conduct shall be known to all, the longed-for sun of liberty shall rise brilliant over this most unhappy potion of the globe and rays shall diffuse everlasting jy among the confederated brethren of the same rays, the lives of those who have gone before, the fatigues and the ell-paid sufferings will remain. If he desires to enter (The Katipunan) has informed himself of this and believes he will be able to perform what will be his duties, he may fill out the application for admission

34. THANK YOU