3. 万军Wan Jun--Practice and Exploration of High Quality Development in Secondary Vocational Education.pptx

practice and development of vocational education in china

1. Practice and Exploration of High Quality Development in Secondary Vocational Education Lecturer: Wan Jun August, 2023

2. 1 2 3 Basic Information of Secondary Vocational Education in China Measures Practical Cases CONTENT

3. 1 Basic Information of Secondary Vocational Education in China

4. 2. Types of vocational education 4. Purpose of vocational education In spite of different types in education, both vocational education and general education are equally important and play a crucial role in the national education system and the human resources development . Both of them are significant paths for cultivation of a variety of talents, the inheritance of technical skills, and the promotion of employment and entrepreneurship. The purpose of vocational education is to cultivate application-oriented talents and develop socialist workers and builders with a certain level of education and specialized knowledge and skills . Compared with general education and adult education, vocational education emphasizes the training of practical skills and the capacity to perform actual employment. 1. Definition of vocational education 3. Composition of vocational education Vocational school education: Vocational school education is the education with degree , which is divided into secondary and higher vocational school education . Vocational training: Vocational training is the education without degree , which includes pre-employment training, apprenticeship training, in-service training, re-employment training, entrepreneurship training and other vocational training . It refers to educational activities aimed at equipping educatee with the comprehensive attributes of professional ethics, scientific and cultural knowledge, as well as technical skills necessary for a specific occupation or career advancement . (I) Definition and interpretation of vocation education What is vocational education Basic Information of Secondary Vocational Education in China

5. In 2021, a total of 9,896 secondary vocational schools were in operation nationwide, including general secondary vocational schools, adult secondary vocational schools, vocational high schools, and technical schools. Enrollment in secondary vocational education reached 16,633,700 students, accounting for 35.08% of the total number of students at the high school level. In the first half of this year, there were a total of 9,752 secondary vocational schools (including technical schools) nationwide, with an enrollment of 6,506,900 students in 2022, representing 40.71% of the total enrollment in high school. Additionally, there were 17,846,100 students enrolled in these schools during the same period, accounting for 39.67% of the overall enrollment in high school level education. As of today, Jiangxi Province boasts 339 schools possessing qualifications for secondary vocational education enrollment (including 119 technical schools), with a total of 803,800 students (including 246,800 in technical schools), which accounts for approximately 4.0% of the total number in whole nation. Moreover, there are 35,800 full-time teachers (including 14,000 teachers in technical schools) in the province, accounting for 2.7% of the total number in country. Proportion of secondary vocational education to high school level education and number of students in secondary vocational education are rising annually. Basic Information of Secondary Vocational Education in China

6. Vocational education plays an indispensable role in the sustained and rapid development of China’s economy. As indicated by data, number of skilled talents in China has surpassed 200 million , accounting for 26% of all employment quantity, with the majority of skilled talents graduating from vocational schools . China is making greater progress in stepping up building a modern vocational education system and establishing a system of through-cultivation of secondary and high vocational education as well as secondary and high-school. In addition, the vocational education college entrance examination system is being actively promoted, with the aim of enabling more students to choose vocational education, so as to develop more high-quality technical and skilled talents, skilled craftsmen and craftsman of the nation . Basic Information of Secondary Vocational Education in China

7. Vocational education is a sort of education that is most closely correlated to the economy and society. China has always attached great importance to vocational education. China has made historic achievements in a number of areas, including effective support for the high-quality development of the country’s economy and society, continuous satisfaction of the people’s quest for a better life , opening maintenance of channels accessible for students to grow as talents in diverse ways , and the construction of a new pattern of comprehensive opening up with the active service, which has enabled it to build the world’s largest vocational education system and to construct a education pattern of development coordination between vocational education and general education. Subsequently, a historic transformation was realized from school-based organization to diversified participation in school-running, and from scale expanding development to development with high quality connotation . --Keynote speech delivered by Huai Jinpeng, the Minister of Education at the main forum of the World Vocational and Technical Education Development Conference on August 19, 2022 Basic Information of Secondary Vocational Education in China

8. 2 Measures

9. With the latest round of scientific and industrial development , China has made significant advancements in the field of scale and quality in vocational education by taking the vocational education as an important breakthrough of education structure optimization and educational comprehensive reform. The proportion of vocational education in China has progressively increased to account for half in China’s education . China has proposed the opinion that vocational education serves an important way to enhance social mobility , prevent class solidification and maintain social vitality. It is necessary to establish a philosophy of school-running that allows more students to have skills for employment, channels for further education and access for development, so as to promote the high-quality development of vocational education. I. Establish the Philosophy of High-Quality Development Firmly

10. More than 70% of students in secondary vocational schools are from rural areas. China regards vocational education as an important content in the high-quality and well-balanced education development. Therefore, China has established a system of financial aid for vocational education in the form of tuition waivers, subsidies, grants, scholarships and loans . In addition, tuition waivers and scholarships for secondary education cover more than 90% and 40% of students, respectively. A total of more than 8 million students from impoverished families have received vocational education , which helps them in successfully entering the workforce over the past five years. Thus, vocational education has become the most effective way to change the situation of poor families . II. Improve Guarantee Mechanism for High-Quality Development

11. Policies to promote quality development of vocational education were introduced II. Improve Guarantee Mechanism for High-Quality Development

12. (I) Cultivate high-quality technical and skilled talents with all-round development III. Clarify the Cultivation Objectives of Secondary Vocational Students (II) Cultivate talents with the ability and competence of employment + entrepreneurship (III) Cultivate talents with a strong aptitude for learning to enhance their literacy in higher education.

13. Talents that vocational education should cultivate Qualified students in the secondary school Being educated in five aspects to achieve all-round development of morality, intelligence, sports, appreciation of beauty and labor capacity Sense of responsibility Possess qualities of solidarity and fraternity , conscientiousness, exercising actively, politeness and decency, all-round development , and the courage to assume social responsibility without fear for hard work and tiredness . (I) Cultivate high-quality technical and skilled talents with all-round development of morality, intelligence, sports, appreciation of beauty and labor capacity Secondary vocational students for a new era Cultivation objectives for secondary students in the new era are to strive for ideals, skills, and responsibility . Moral character Establish a correct world view , outlook on life and value , and continue to be educated by schools, family, society and peers during whole process and in all-round way. III. Clarify the Cultivation Objectives of Secondary Vocational Students

14. (II) Cultivate talents with the ability and competence of employment + entrepreneurship Practice Actively participate in “labor and production practice” experience activities to fully understand the current employment situation and the demand for jobs in China. Path Learn specialized abilities and improve entrepreneurial awareness at the same time. Career needs to be planned well , with proper self-positioning , in order to adapt to the society as soon as possible, change roles, and move towards success . Concept Change employment concept that does not keep pace with the development of society. Stick to employment + entrepreneurship education . Guide students to cope with the relationships between the individual and society, ideal and reality, and activeness and passiveness to constantly improve employment and entrepreneurship capabilities. Talents that vocational education should cultivate III. Clarify the Cultivation Objectives of Secondary Vocational Students

15. (III). Cultivate the talents with stronger learning capability and higher educational attainment It is attached great significance by China Decision on the Development of Vocational Education issued by the State Council has pointed out that “Establish a ‘flyover bridge’ between secondary vocational education and general higher education”, which aims to promote the channels of secondary vocational school graduates to further their studies. Provide promotion channels for secondary vocational students Secondary vocational students should be guided to properly allocate their time in school to consolidate the learning of theory and general basic knowledge. They should also participate in various skill contests (Winners of provincial-level skill contests or above can be exempted from examination). Therefore, they can lay a solid foundation for further study in the future. Talents that vocational education should cultivate III. Clarify the Cultivation Objectives of Secondary Vocational Students

16. 3 Practical Cases

17. Stick to promoting learning through contests and build a “flyover bridge” for students to become skilled talents Secondary vocational students should be encouraged to proactively participate in the World Skills Competition and the National Vocational College Skills Competition to promote learning, teaching, training and development through competitions . Therefore, high-quality skilled talents can be provided for economic and social development. Cases of Practice in the Talents Cultivation of Secondary Vocational Students

18. From Failing the High School Entrance Examination to Standing on the World’s Highest Podium - A Talent Can Be Shaped through Technology Xiao Xingxing was born in a small mountain village in Jishui County, Ji’an City, Jiangxi Province. Xiao Xingxing, who failed the high school entrance examination , came to Jiangxi Province Electronic Information Engineering School out of admiration for it and chose electronic technology application major in September 2014. Xiao Xingxing participated in the school skills competition and won first prize in the electrical device project in December 2014. He was lucky to be selected to study in the electrical device studio of the school. Therefore, he started a new journey in training and selection for the world competition. He participated in the electrical device project of the 45th World Skills Competition and won the gold medal in August 2019.

19. Excellent Graduates Entrepreneurship Cases Zhong Genpeng and Xia Junming were graduates of Jiangxi Electronic Information Engineering School majoring in electronic technology in 2014. They participated in all kinds of skills competitions and mastered solid skills in school. They persisted in learning in the course of work after graduation. They have acquired superb skills; During the entrepreneurial period, they gave full play to their advantages and encouraged each other. They cooperate and have achieved careers in Shanghai. Their company has obtained the main board maintenance business of the CNC machining center of BYD Automobile Company, Jianghuai Automobile, Shanghai General Motors and other large companies, with an annual income of more than RMB 2,000,000 in mere three years .

20. As an old Chinese saying goes , “Every profession produces its own topmost master . ” The quality of talent training is an important basis for evaluating the level of school running. Secondary vocational education must stick to the high-quality education . It should meet the diverse learning demands of students (pay equal attention to employment and further education), and constantly improve the attractiveness of vocational education . Therefore, an increasing number of students will choose vocational education and a steady supply of technical and skilled talents needed by society will be cultivated. Enlightenment from the Practice Cases of Cultivating Talents of Secondary Vocational Students:

21. Thank you for your listening