4634_Lecture (5) Asphyxia.ppt importante

Hipoxia neonatal temario importante poner en práctica en la sala

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Asphyxia and AnoxiaAsphyxia and Anoxia
Dr. Abdulmonem Al-HayaniDr. Abdulmonem Al-Hayani
MBChB, DipFMS(Lon), PhD(Aber)MBChB, DipFMS(Lon), PhD(Aber)

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Outcome=Aims=GoalsOutcome=Aims=Goals
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Why this lecture?Why this lecture?
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Definitions of Asphyxia and Anoxia?Definitions of Asphyxia and Anoxia?
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Signs of Asphyxia?Signs of Asphyxia?
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Types of Asphyxia (Causes)Types of Asphyxia (Causes)
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Common examples of Anoxia and Common examples of Anoxia and
Asphyxia Asphyxia

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Why this lecture?Why this lecture?

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Definition of Asphyxia Definition of Asphyxia
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Situations in which there is an obstruction Situations in which there is an obstruction
to breathingto breathing
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Body will be deprived to O2Body will be deprived to O2
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Either no air or insufficient air getting into Either no air or insufficient air getting into
the bodythe body

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Definition of Anoxia Definition of Anoxia
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Anoxia = HypoxiaAnoxia = Hypoxia

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Definition of AnoxiaDefinition of Anoxia
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Failure of O2 which is already in the Failure of O2 which is already in the
body to get into the tissuesbody to get into the tissues
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Causes of anoxia:Causes of anoxia:
1.1.ShockShock
2.2.AnemiaAnemia
3.3.CO poisoningCO poisoning
4.4.Heroin intoxicationHeroin intoxication

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Signs of AsphyxiaSigns of Asphyxia
Congestion Cyanosis
Petechail
Hemorrhage

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Types (causes) of AsphyxiaTypes (causes) of Asphyxia
1.1.EnvironmentalEnvironmental
2.2.Crush AsphyxiaCrush Asphyxia
3.3.Suffocation/SmotheringSuffocation/Smothering
4.4.Positional AsphyxiaPositional Asphyxia
5.5.ChockingChocking
6.6.Compression of the NeckCompression of the Neck
7.7.Hanging/StrangulationHanging/Strangulation

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Example of AsphyxiaExample of Asphyxia

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DrowningDrowning
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Where?Where?
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SeaSea
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RiverRiver
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CanalCanal
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BathBath
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othersothers

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DrowningDrowning
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Body recovered dead?Body recovered dead?
1.1.Death before entering water Death before entering water
(concealment of homicide)(concealment of homicide)
2.2.ImmersionImmersion
3.3.True drowningTrue drowning
4.4.Death in water from other causes (heart Death in water from other causes (heart
diseases, trauma)diseases, trauma)
5.5.HypothermiaHypothermia

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True drowning (Asphyxia)True drowning (Asphyxia)
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Phases of drowning:Phases of drowning:
1.1.Breath holdsBreath holds
2.2.Inhalation of water, coughing, vomiting Inhalation of water, coughing, vomiting
and loss of consciousnessand loss of consciousness
3.3.Convulsions, respiratory arrest then Convulsions, respiratory arrest then
cardiac arrestcardiac arrest

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DrowningDrowning
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Types?Types?
1.1.Fresh waterFresh water
2.2.Sea waterSea water

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Autopsy signs of DrowningAutopsy signs of Drowning
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Classical signs only in 35% of casesClassical signs only in 35% of cases
1.1.Froth in nose and mouthFroth in nose and mouth
2.2.Pulmonary edemaPulmonary edema
3.3.Overdistention of lungsOverdistention of lungs
4.4.Dry drowningDry drowning

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Autopsy signs of DrowningAutopsy signs of Drowning
5. Middle ear hemorrhage5. Middle ear hemorrhage
6. Chemical tests (unreliable)6. Chemical tests (unreliable)
7. Non-specific changes of immersion7. Non-specific changes of immersion

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Autopsy signs of DrowningAutopsy signs of Drowning
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The best sign is:The best sign is:

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Example of AnoxiaExample of Anoxia

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Fire FumesFire Fumes
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Commonest cause of death in firesCommonest cause of death in fires
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Autopsy signs of fire fumes inhalation:Autopsy signs of fire fumes inhalation:
1.1.Burns to air passagesBurns to air passages
2.2.SOOTSOOT
3.3.Pulmonary edemaPulmonary edema
4.4.Toxins in blood e.g. cyanide, plastics Toxins in blood e.g. cyanide, plastics
chemicals etc…chemicals etc…

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The most useful sign isThe most useful sign is

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Key LessonKey Lesson
As a GP you will see many cases of As a GP you will see many cases of
Asphyxia and Anoxia, so please think Asphyxia and Anoxia, so please think
about a possibility of crime when you see about a possibility of crime when you see
such casessuch cases

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Questions & CommentsQuestions & Comments