7-BLS-Unit-of-Competencies.power point pt

Define FBAO
Discuss the causes, types and classification of airway obstruction
Differentiate the following FBAO Management: Abdominal Thrust, Chest Thrust, Back Slaps and Chest Thrust
Explain the theory behind Abdominal Thrust and its possible complications

1. SL.ppt/TR/FC 20 1 Part B: Foreign Body Airway Obstruction (FBAO) Management UNIT OF COMPETENCY 3

2. At the end of the discussion, participants should be able to correctly: Define FBAO Discuss the causes, types and classification of airway obstruction Differentiate the following FBAO Management: Abdominal Thrust, Chest Thrust, Back Slaps and Chest Thrust Explain the theory behind Abdominal Thrust and its possible complications Perform proper application of abdominal thrust to a conscious child and adult. Perform back slap and chest thrust to a conscious infant. Perform chest thrust to an unconscious infant, child, and adult. Perform proper techniques of relieving FBAO under special circumstances such as in pregnant women, very obese victim, and self-care. At the end of the demonstration, participants should be able to precisely: LEARNING OBJECTIVES

3. A condition when solid material like chunked foods, coins, vomitus, small toys etc. are blocking the airway. FOREIGN BODY AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

4. Improper Chewing of Large Pieces of Food Excessive Alcohol Intake – A. Relaxation of Tongue Back into the Throat B. Aspirated Vomitus (Stomach Content) 3. Presence of Loose Upper and Lower Dentures 4. For Children who a re Running while Eating For Smaller Children of Hand-to-Mouth Stage who are Left Unattended. CAUSES OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

5. 1. Anatomical Obstruction 2. Mechanical Obstruction TWO TYPES OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

6. 2. Severe Obstruction Poor or no air exchange Weak or ineffective cough or no cough at all High-pitched noise while inhaling or no noise at all Increased respiratory difficulty Cyanotic (turning blue) Unable to speak Clutching the neck with the thumb and fingers making the Universal Sign of Choking Movement of air is absent. 1. Mild Obstruction Good air exchange Responsive and can cough forcefully May wheeze between coughs. CLASSIFICATION OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

7. 1. Mild Obstruction Good air exchange Responsive and can cough forcefully May wheeze between coughs. CLASSIFICATION OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

8. 2. Severe Obstruction Poor or no air exchange Weak or ineffective cough or no cough at all High-pitched noise while inhaling or no noise at all Increased respiratory difficulty Cyanotic (turning blue) Unable to speak Clutching the neck with the thumb and fingers making the Universal Sign of Choking Movement of air is absent. CLASSIFICATION OF AIRWAY OBSTRUCTION

9. A sign wherein the victim is clutching his/her neck with one or both hands and gasping for breath. UNIVERSAL SIGN OF CHOKING Position for back tapping

10. An emergency procedure for removing a foreign object lodged in the airway that is preventing a person from breathing in an upright conscious victim. REMEMBER : Abdominal thrust should not be used in infants under 1 year of age due to risk of causing injury. Abdominal Thrust FBAO MANAGEMENT FINGER SWEEP a technique recommended for relieving foreign body airway obstruction after chest compression/thrust when foreign body is visible in an unconscious victim.  

11. Incorrect application may damage the chest, ribs and internal organs. May also vomit after being treated with the Abdominal thrust. Note: The victim should be examined by a Physician to rule out any life-threatening complications. Complications from Abdominal Thrust

12. 5 Back Slaps And 5 Chest Thrust For conscious INFANT with foreign body airway obstruction. FBAO MANAGEMENT

13. Chest Thrust To be used for: Obviously pregnant and Very obese patient. Instead of using abdominal thrusts, Chest thrusts are used for this group of people. The fists are placed against the middle of the breastbone and pressing the patient’s chest with backward thrust. If the victim is unconscious (adult, child or infant) the chest thrusts are similar to those used in CPR . FBAO MANAGEMENT UNDER SPECIAL CIRCUMSTANCES nursekey.com

14. Increase Intrathoracic Pressure Site (Compression) Foreign Body THEORY BEHIND ABDOMINAL THRUST

15. FBAO ALGORITHM - Conscious Adult (Part I) Check Scene Safety: Area is safe? Possible COVID-19 case? Responder’s PPE on? Victim responds verbally Able to cough (Good Air Exchange/Mild Obstruction) Encourage to cough and maintain a safe distance away from the victim at least 1 meter. If foreign object has been dislodged: Monitor/observe and advise the victim to seek thorough medical consultation. If not dislodged after coughing: Perform Back Slaps (Back Tapping)   Abdominal Thrust: Properly position your balled fist against the patient’s abdomen at the midpoint between the xiphoid process and navel. Perform abdominal thrust with a quick inward and upward motion . Continue abdominal thrust until the foreign object has been dislodged. If victim becomes unconscious, go to Part II, number 7.   1   2   6 Victim nods only Unable to cough nor talk Victim is restless Victim is cyanotic (Poor Air Exchange/Severe Obstruction) Back Slaps: Stand slightly behind the victim and with your non-dominant hand, grab the victim’s opposite arm across the chest. Lean the victim forward. With your dominant hand, give initial five (5) Back Slaps (Back Tapping) . If foreign object has been dislodged: Monitor/observe and advise the victim to seek thorough medical consultation. If not dislodged after 5 back slaps: Perform Abdominal Thrust. Victim clutches his/her neck (Universal Sign of Choking)   4   5 Introduce yourself and ask the victim: “Are you choking?”     3-A     3-B

16. FBAO ALGORITHM - Unconscious Adult (Part II) If victim becomes unconscious: Carefully lay the victim down while simultaneously checking the victim’s oral cavity. Activate Emergency Medical Service (EMS). Check oral cavity for presence of obstruction: Open airway using Head-Tilt-Chin-Lift Maneuver If foreign object is visible, perform finger sweep then carefully remove the glove inside out with the foreign object in it and immediately change pair of gloves. Check for pulse and breathing and place victim in Recovery Position. If foreign object is not visible, no blind finger sweep, No direct mouth to mouth rescue breath. Perform 30 Chest Compressions. If foreign object is still not visible: Repeat 8, 9 and 10 accordingly. Assess pulse and breathing after two (2) minutes or approximately 5 cycles of chest compressions.   Unresponsive, no pulse and not breathing: Go to Adult Cardiac Arrest Algorithm.   With pulse and breathing: Place in recovery position. Monitor/observe and advise the victim to seek thorough medical management.   7   8   9   10   11   12   13

17. FBAO ALGORITHM - Conscious Infant (Part I) Check Scene Safety: Area is safe? Possible COVID-19 case? Responder’s PPE on?   1 Parent/Guardian seeks emergency help. Infant is struggling to breath (sudden onset of respiratory distress), gagging, crying or may go silent and hold the throat. Introduce yourself to the victim’s guardian/relative and ask them: “Is the baby choking? What happened?” Quickly assess and verify the infant’s airway obstruction status: Infant has ineffective coughs, weak or absence of cry or maybe cyanotic and unconscious. Place the infant in prone position: Position the infant prone with the head slightly lower than the chest holding the infant’s head with one hand (place the thumb of one hand at the angle of the lower jaw and one or two fingers on the opposite side of the jaw) while holding the back of the head with the other hand. Rest your forearm on your thigh to support the weight of the infant. Gently clip the infant’s feet between the side of your torso and arm. Deliver five (5) back slaps Using the heel of your dominant hand, deliver five (5) back slaps in the middle of the infant’s shoulder blades. If foreign object has been dislodged: Monitor/observe and advise the parent/guardian to seek thorough medical consultation. If not dislodged after 5 back slaps: Place the infant in supine position and deliver five (5) chest thrust. Deliver five (5) chest thrust Locate the “compression site” used in conventional infant CPR. Deliver five (5) chest thrust. If foreign object has been dislodged: Monitor/observe and advise the parent/guardian to seek thorough medical consultation. If not dislodged after 5 chest thrust: Repeat 4, 5, 6 and 7 accordingly. If the infant becomes unconscious, go to Part II, number 8.   Place the infant in supine position: Turn the infant supine with head still in a downward position, using your forearm to support the infant’s back and your hand to support the head. Your thigh can provide additional support.   2   3   4   5   6   7

18. FBAO ALGORITHM - Unconscious Infant (Part II) If victim becomes unconscious: Carefully lay the infant down while simultaneously checking the victim’s oral cavity. Activate Emergency Medical Service (EMS). Check oral cavity for presence of obstruction: Open airway by sniffing or neutral position. If foreign object is visible, perform finger sweep then carefully remove the glove inside out with the foreign object in it and immediately change pair of gloves. Check for pulse and breathing and place victim in Recovery Position. If foreign object is not visible, NO BLIND FINGER SWEEP, NO DIRECT MOUTH TO MOUTH RESCUE BREATH. Perform 30 Chest Compressions. • If foreign object is still not visible: Repeat 9, 10 and 11 accordingly. • Assess pulse and breathing after two (2) minutes or approximately 5 cycles of chest compressions. Unresponsive, no pulse and not breathing: - Go to Infant Cardiac Arrest Algorithm. With pulse and breathing: - Place in recovery position. - Monitor/observe and advise parent/guardian to seek thorough medical management.   8   9   10   11   12   13   14