A.1 The Concept of Disaster disaster readiness and risk reduction.pptx

A.1 The Concept of Disaster disaster readiness and risk reduction.pptx

1. The Concept of Disaster Disaster Readiness and Risk Reduction

2. What is a disaster?

3. When can you say that a certain event can be called a disaster?

4. The Concept of Disaster Natural phenomenon Natural Hazard/Hazard Natural Disaster/Disaster

5. The Concept of Disaster What is a natural phenomenon? When can a natural phenomenon be considered a hazard?

6. The Concept of Disaster What is a natural hazard? When can a natural hazard be considered a disaster?

7. What is a disaster?

8. Natural phenomenon Natural phenomena are those that occur or manifest in nature without human input. Examples: Gravity Tides Movement of Moons Movement of the Planets Volcanic lightning Ant armies Sandstorms Biological processes and oscillation

9. When can a natural phenomenon be considered a natural hazard? When a natural phenomenon is most likely to happen in a populated area, it will be considered a natural hazard.

10. Natural hazard Natural hazards are defined as environmental phenomena that have the potential to impact societies and the human environment

11. When can natural hazard be considered a disaster? A hazardous event that causes unacceptably large numbers of fatalities and/or overwhelming property damage is a natural disaster.

12. The transformation of natural event into a disaster. A natural event such as a tsunami becomes a hazard if it poses a threat to people. A magnitude 6.5 earthquake is usually strong enough to generate tsunamis that could be destructive to nearby coastal areas. The tsunami waves that are about to hit a beach area with people, animals, trees and houses are considered as a hazard. After the tsunami hits the populated area, it is no longer a hazard but a disaster with victims and destruction or damage all over the place.

13. Disaster A natural disaster is the negative impact following an actual occurrence of natural hazard if it significantly harms a community .

14. Disaster Disaster is "a sudden, calamitous occurrence that causes great harm, injury, destruction, and devastation to life and property ”.

15. Disaster A preceding definition of disaster stresses that two elements are affected – life (whether human or animal) and property .

16. Classifications of Disaster Natural disaster Man-made disaster

17. Natural Disaster a natural disaster is caused by natural forces, such as earthquakes, typhoon, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme temperatures. They can be classified as rapid onset disasters and those with progressive onset, such as droughts that lead to famine. These events, usually sudden, can have tremendous effects.

18. Man-made Disaster Disasters caused by man are those in which major direct causes are identifiable intentional or non-intentional human actions.

19. Man-made Disaster Classifications Technological/industrial disasters Terrorism/Violence Complex humanitarian emergencies

20. Man-made Disaster Classifications Technological/industrial disasters Unregulated industrialization and inadequate safety standards increase the risk for industrial disasters. EXAMPLE: leaks of hazardous materials; accidental explosions; bridge or road collapses, or vehicle collisions; Power cuts

21. Man-made Disaster Classifications Terrorism/Violence the threat of terrorism has also increased due to the spread of technologies involving nuclear, biological, and chemical agents used to develop weapons of mass destruction. EXAMPLE : bombs or explosions; release of chemical materials; release of biological agents; release of radioactive agents; multiple or massive shootings; mutinies

22. Man-made Disaster Classifications Complex humanitarian emergencies the term complex emergency is usually used to describe the humanitarian emergency resulting from an international or civil war. In such situations, large numbers of people are displaced from their homes due to the lack of personal safety and the disruption of basic infrastructure including food distribution, water, electricity, and sanitation, or communities are left stranded and isolated in their own homes unable to access assistance.

23. Man-made Disaster Classifications Complex humanitarian emergencies EXAMPLE: conflicts or wars and Genocide the deliberate killing of a large group of people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation

24. SEATWORK #1. Identify whether the following events are Hazard or Disaster . A typhoon or storm surge affecting Leyte A typhoon passing over a remote and unpopulated island. A flood in a rural area which floods the roads but does not affect any houses. A volcano erupting in isolation in the middle of the Pacific Ocean An avalanche in a ski resort An avalanche high on the mountain and slopes remote from any settlement A tsunami wave 5m high off coast of Japan An earthquake in Kashmir, Northern Pakistan A drought in Australia’s Outback (a vast, remote, arid interior of Australia) A landslide in a favela (slum area) in Rio De Janeiro.

25. assignment Name at least 3 natural phenomena that your community considers as hazard. Explain why they are considered hazard. Explain what is meant by ‘Buildings kill people, not earthquake’. Explain how a seemingly harmless normal river flowing in the middle of a rapidly developing city, can later cause a disaster.