A Case Study on Fertilizer Industry by RUET

Study on fertilizer industry

1. Rajshahi university of engineering & technology

2. Study on a fertilizer industry

3. Presented by 1.Hosainur Rahman Aungon[Roll-1511007] 2.Razib Hossen [Roll-1511008] 3.Abid Hasan Badhon[Roll-1511009 ]

4. introduction Name Of The Industry- Shahjalal Fertilizer Factory Ltd. Founded- 1 st July,2011 Founder- Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation Ltd. (BCIC) Location- Fenchugonj,Sylhet Total Area- 165 Acres Product- Urea Annual Capacity- 5,80,800 MT

5. Main components & raw materials Main raw m aterial o f t he i ndustry i s n atural g as. Ammonia & Carbon dioxide are t he m ain t wo c omponents f or t he p roduction o f Urea. Ammonia : Ammonia is a c ompound o f Nitrogen and Hydrogen. It is a c olorless g as w ith a c haracteristic p ungent s mell. Ammonia contributes s ignificantly t o t he n utritional n eeds o f t errestrial o rganisms b y s erving a s a p recursor t o f ood & fertilizers. Carbon dioxide : Carbon dioxide is a c olorless & odorless g as v ital t o l ife o n Earth. This naturally o ccurring c hemical c ompound i s c omposed of a Carbon atom covalently double bonded to two Oxygen atoms. For that kind of industry large quantities of Carbon dioxide are produced during the Ammonia manufacturing process as a by product from hydrocarbon such as natural gas.

6. Methodology/working procedure Urea is manufactured by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide in autoclave to form ammonia carbamate .The operating temperature is 135 C and 35 atm pressure, the chemical reaction is endothermic reaction so ammonia is maintained in excess to shift the equilibrium towards urea formation. Urea production is based on two main reactions. Formation of ammonium carbamate. Dehydration of ammonium carbamate to produce molten urea.

7. Flow diagram of urea production process from ammonia and carbon-dioxide

8. procedure Ammonia pumping : Liquid ammonia is pumped from the multistage pump which maintain the reaction pressure in the vertical stainless steel vessel. Carbon dioxide compression: Ammonia plant directly boost the carbon dioxide from the compression section as it readily form at the carbon dioxide section of ammonia production plant.

9. Fig - urea synthesis tower Urea synthesis tower : It is lined with film of oxides to protect form corrosion. Catalyst bed is placed in the inner side of autoclave structure and 180-200 atm pressure at temperature about 180-200 deg centigrade is maintained. Plug flow operation take places and molten urea is removed from the top of the tower.

10. Fig – distillation tower Distillation tower and Flash drum : This high pressure slurry is flashed to 1 atm pressure & distilled to remove excess ammonia & decomposed ammonia carbamate salts are removed and recycled

11. Fig – vacuum evaporator Vacuum Evaporator : The solution is fed to vacuum evaporator for concentrating the slurry.

12. Fig – prilling tower Prilling Tower : It is dryer where the molten slurry is passed from top of the tower into a bucket which rotates and sprinkles the slurry & air is passed from the bottom. All the moisture is removed as the urea from into granules during it journey to the bottom of the tower. This granules are sent by conveyor to the bagging section.

13. Product The urea fertilizer, also popularly called forty six zero zero(46-0-0), is a simple or straight (single-element)fertilizer that supplies the major essential element nitrogen in ammonia from (NH4+).

14. Uses Of Urea Fertilizer 1.Urea can be applied in the soil in the form of solid prills or pellets. 2.It decomposes into gaseous ammonia ,carbon dioxide and water. 3.It fertiles the soil as a result more crops can be grown in small place.

15. THE END THANK YOU