A lecture slide on Prostitis.pptx for nursing students

Usefull for Nursing Students

1. Prostitis Mr. Yogendra Mehta Lectutrer , HOD (Adult Health Nursing) TU IOM BNC

2. Introduction Prostate gland sits below your bladder, in front of your rectum. Your  urethra runs through the center of your prostate.  Prostatitis is a frequently painful condition that involves inflammation of the prostate and sometimes the areas around the prostate. Prostatitis is a group of conditions that includes acute and chronic bacterial prostatitis and chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS ). Acute (sudden) prostatitis is a medical emergency . The tissue in and around your prostate gland becomes swollen, tender and irritated.

3. Prostate

4. Types Acute bacterial prostatitis:   A bacterial infection causes acute prostatitis. Symptoms include:   fever  and chills. may experience painful and frequent urination or have trouble urinating. Acute bacterial prostatitis requires medical treatment with antibiotics. Acute means it comes on suddenly.

5. Types Chronic bacterial prostatitis:   Bacteria also cause this type of prostatitis. Symptoms may come on gradually, and it can take longer to treat. Unlike acute bacterial prostatitis, chronic bacterial prostatitis doesn’t usually cause fever and chills. You’ll still have symptoms like pain when you pee or difficulty urinating. 

6. Types Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (or CPPS) CPPS is the most common type of prostatitis. Symptoms: causes chronic pain in your pelvis, perineum (the area between your scrotum and rectum) and genitals. Pain from CPPS can last months or years. It’s not an infection.

7. Types Nonbacterial prostatitis (asymptomatic inflammatory prostatitis ) This condition causes prostate gland inflammation but no symptoms. you have this condition after getting tests to find the cause of other symptoms. This type doesn’t need treatment and isn’t an infection. 

8. Causes of CPPS and nonbacterial prostatitis Autoimmune diseases. Pelvic floor muscle damage . Pelvic nerve irritation or inflammation. Stress.

9. Causes of bacterial prostatitis Bladder infections or bladder stones. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs). Using a urinary catheter (tube that drains urine from your bladder). Having a prostate biopsy. Prostate stones. Urinary retention or urinary blockage.  UTIs. Injury to your pelvic area.

10. Risk Factors for prostatitis Using a catheter . Nerve damage or trauma to their pelvises may be more at risk of chronic pelvic pain syndrome . Being older than 50 and having a condition like enlarged prostate (benign prostatic hyperplasia)

11. Clinical Features Prostatitis symptoms vary depending on the type and cause . It’s important to see a healthcare provider if he feel pain in his pelvis or experience urination changes.  The other three types of prostatitis share symptoms, such as: Pain in your lower abdomen, genitals or perineum. The pain may spread to your lower back. Frequent urge to pee. Painful urination (dysuria). Having a urine stream that stops and starts. Blood in your pee (hematuria).

12. Clinical Features Blood in semen ( hematospermia ). Pain during sexual intercourse (dyspareunia). Painful ejaculation. Erectile dysfunction. Acute bacterial prostatitis causes flu-like symptoms like fever, body aches and chills.

13. Diagnosis Assess your symptoms and do a physical exam. Less invasive tests for prostatitis may include: Digital rectal exam   check the prostate gland for pain and swelling. This exam may include prostate massage to collect a sample of seminal fluid. Urinalysis:  A urinalysis and urine culture check for bacteria and UTIs. Blood test:  A blood test measures PSA, a protein made by your prostate gland. High levels may indicate prostatitis, enlarged prostate or prostate cancer.

14. Diagnosis More invasive tests for prostatitis include Cystoscopy:  A cystoscopy  to view inside your bladder and urethra. Transrectal ultrasound :   People with acute bacterial prostatitis or chronic bacterial prostatitis that doesn’t improve with antibiotics may get a transrectal  ultrasound. This test can show prostate gland abnormalities, abscesses or stones. Urodynamic testing   - These tests measure things like nerve and muscle function, pressure in and around your bladder, and urine flow rates. 

15. Management Prostatitis treatments vary depending on the cause and type. Nonbacterial prostatitis doesn’t require treatment . Approximately 80% of people with CPPS improve with the UPOINT system. The system focuses on these symptoms and treatments : Urinary :  Medications, such as tamsulosin (Flomax®) and alfuzosin ( Uroxatral ®), relax muscles around your prostate and bladder to improve urine flow. Psychosocial : Stress management can help. Some people benefit from counseling or medications for anxiety, depression and catastrophizing (overreaction to minor stresses common in people with chronic pain).

16. Management Organ:   Quercetin and bee pollen supplements may relieve a swollen, inflamed prostate gland. Infection:  Some healthcare providers use antibiotics as part of treatment for CPPS. Neurologic:  Prescription pain medicines, such as amitriptyline (Elavil®) and gabapentin ( Gralise ®), relieve neurogenic pain. Tenderness   Pelvic floor physical therapy may include myofascial release (gentle massage to ease tension on tight pelvic floor muscles). This therapy can reduce or eliminate muscle spasms.

17. Management for Bacterial Prostitis People with acute bacterial prostatitis may need 14 to 30 days of antibiotics. Some people need antibiotics through an IV (into your vein) in a hospital. Surgery to drain an abscess on your prostate may be necessary, but this is rare . Treating chronic bacterial prostatitis is more challenging. Most people need between four and 12 weeks of antibiotics. If this approach doesn’t work and your symptoms come back, your provider may prescribe a low-dose antibiotic to prevent recurrent infection.

18. Management at Home Drinking lots of fluids to stay hydrated. Taking over-the-counter (OTC) pain relievers like ibuprofen to help with inflammation and discomfort. Avoiding spicy or acidic foods and beverages containing caffeine or alcohol (which can cause dehydration). Taking warm baths ( sitz baths) or applying a heating pad to your low back to help with pain. Performing exercises like Kegels or stretching to help your pelvic floor muscles. Sitting on a donut-shaped pillow when you feel pain. Avoid activities that increase your pain (like riding a bike ). Drinks like water, green tea and noncaffeinated drinks are good choices to maintain hydration.