ACTION RESEARCH during 3rd year 2021.pptx

Action Research about student tardiness

1. Increasing Motivation to Grade 1 Students in the Modular Distance Learning.

2. Members: Ian Angel B. Osnan Joan Mae Palo Nhilone Pamine Kamille Pederez Ronalyn Ronquilio

3. Introduction/Rationale The pandemic has required many adjustments and transformations as students continue to learn not in the classroom but at home. Many challenges are also encountered in making this transition from face-to-face to distance learning. In fact, the opening of classes has been postponed twice to give schools enough time to prepare for this set-up. Despite the postponement, many students and teachers are still struggling to prepare for distance learning. Modular learning is the most popular type of Distance Learning. In the Philippines, this learning modality is currently used by all public schools because according to a survey conducted by the Department of Education (DepEd), learning through printed and digital modules emerged as the most preferred distance learning method of parents with children who are enrolled this academic year (Bernardo, J). This is also in consideration of learners in rural areas where the internet is not accessible for online learning.

4. In San Luis, Elementary School where this study was conducted, the researcher observed that many learners are experiencing problems in relation to modular distance learning. Feedbacks from parents and learners received personally or through online and SMS indicated that students are no longer prioritizing actual learning, but simply the accomplishment of all the tasks in their Self-Learning Modules. In short, it can be concluded that various factors largely influence students’ poor performance. These factors originate from within the students themselves and outside the environment. However, in this study, the researchers wanted to develop an action plan and utilized response to the said problem. To manifest tangible solutions and help engage students to get motivated. To explicitly present the work plan and other sources for intervening the issues introduce in this research.

5. Literature Review Motivation is one of the crucial internal factors influencing students’ academic performance among various factors. According to Hading (2006), motivation refers to mental stimulus driving and directing human behavior, involving learning behavior. Bialik, Bogan , Fadel, and Horvathova (2015) explain that there are six important character qualities that someone should have, one of the is motivation. Likewise, Baharuddin (2008) Mauliya , Relianisa and Rokhyati , motivation is one of the psychological factors that can affect student achievement. It is for the reason that, in motivation, there are dynamic elements in learning, such as emotions, attention, willingness, and others. Motivation not only grows from within the students themselves, but it can also arise from other people or the environment. After all, it can generate stimuli that delight students; thereby, they are always eager and have enthusiasm for learning ( Djaali , 2014).

6. Motivation is affected by the variables “teacher roles, class organization, interaction and class atmosphere” in a learning environment (Lumsden, 1999: 35). It is a factor, which helps building the psychological link between student and behavior to be gained. In the case of starting education without building this link, it has been observed that the activities were not efficient. While an individual having been motivated allows him to learn easily and comfortably (Kaya, 2001: 85), it also makes it possible for teachers and students to enjoy learning activity more by allowing class management problems to decrease ( Öncü , 2001: 118-119).

7. Before going further to the discussion about the lack of motivation factors contributing to the poor academic performance of students, the researchers will firstly explain what academic performance or what poor academic performance is. According to Ballotpedia (2019), academic performance can be defined a measure of achievement in which students succeed in obtaining results from various academic subjects. According to Williams (2018), when talking about academic performance is often associated with students’ GPA; however, academic performance can also be regarded as an accomplishment of scientific achievements and skills, impressive test scores, extracurricular achievements, students’ ability to lead if assigned to. Academic performance, according to Ghanney and Aniagyei (2014), is something able to be achieved by students when they are tested with what has been taught, the academic performance here focuses more on intellectual capacity.

8. Students in current learning are faced with challenging situations, such as inside and outside classroom learning, initiating several problems, for instance, lack of focus and concentration. Drozdenko , Tesch , and Coelho (2012) mention that two significant factors interfering learning in the classroom are external and internal disturbance originated from the students’ disintegration. Some examples of external disturbance are hard to understand instructions, class temperature, and students prefer listening to music rather than paying attention to their teachers. Meanwhile, internal disturbance covers those coming from students themselves, such as lack of motivation, laziness, prefer playing with other classmates, and the desire to eat in class. Next is the internal disturbance, this thing arises from students’ competence and aptitude, class: size, schedule, environment, textbooks, and exams, learning facilities and technology (AL- Muslawi & Hamid, 2020). In addition, material mastery is also one of the internal factors causing students having poor academic performance. In previous research revealed that exams were difficult for students as they have a lot of material to learn and should absorb the material simultaneously (Azmi et al.,2014).

9. In short, it can be concluded that various factors largely influence students’ poor performance. These factors originate from within the students themselves and outside the environment. However, in this study, the researchers wanted to develop an action plan and utilized response to the said problem. To manifest tangible solutions especially for students who has poor academic performance due to lack of motivation. To explicitly present the work plan and other sources for intervening the issues introduce in this research.

10. RESEARCH QUESTIONS: This research examined the struggles encountered by the learners in the new normal set-up of education and the coping mechanisms they employed to cope with these struggles. Specifically, it aimed to answer the following questions: What are the struggles encountered by the students in modular learning? What coping mechanisms do students employ to cope with these struggles? What intervention can be designed to alleviate these struggles of the pupils? What is teachers strategy to increase children’s motivation?

11. Research Methodology The study uses qualitative research; the nature of this research is the contextually grounded, socially constructed and experience-based nature of scientific knowledge. The intent of this qualitative study is to examine a component of the pupils’ experience and inspire further investigation.

12. a. Sampling This study employs the purposive sampling technique. A purposive sampling technique is a type of non-probability sampling technique which uses the researcher’s judgment in selecting the participants of the study. Alvi (2016) said that the criteria of the elements that will be included in the study are predefined. Therefore, researchers do not include everyone who is available, but rather those available who have met the defined criteria. As applied in this study, the researcher will use the following criteria in selecting the research participants: taking up modular distance learning, 10 grade 1 students, parents study who were purposively chosen by the researchers using the above-mentioned criteria. The researcher opted to choose those who are taking up modular distance learning because it is the most common modality of distance learning applied in the locality. Studying about it would be relevant, timely, and purposeful. Thus, getting more insights from this group of students is feasible.

13. b. Data Collection Before officially gathering data for the study, the researcher will seek the consent of the school head from San Luis, Elementary School, in Caraga Davao Oriental. When the permission will be given, the researcher will get from the school head the list of pupils for the school year 2021-2022 with their corresponding profile. From this list of students, the researcher will select the possible participants of the study. The researcher will then inform the possible participants about the study, its purpose, and their role in the conduct of the study. Informing the participants will be done through various means such as calling or texting them with their mobile phones, and contacting them through Facebook or Messenger. Once they will give their permission to participate, the researcher will require them to sign the informed assent and orient them of their rights as research participants. When all permissions are secured, the researcher will conduct an in-depth interview which will be recorded audio-visually.

14. All the interviews are to be conducted face-to-face in adherence to the safety protocol implemented in the community. The researcher will use an interview guide which consists of three sets of questions: exploratory questions, engaging questions, and exit questions. In some instances follow-up questions are added to clear some points and ask for further elaboration. The interview guide is developed by the researcher and validated by five master teachers from other schools who were considered experts in the field. It has five questions that aim to extract information from the participants about their struggles and their coping mechanisms.

15. c. Triangulation This action research will use the data gathered from the interviews with the teachers, parents and students then will be evaluated to come up with the strategies on how to increase the motivation of Grade 1 students in the modular learning.

16. d . Ethical Issues Some important ethical concerns that should be taken into account while carrying out qualitative research are: anonymity, confidentiality and informed consent. Furthermore, the researcher must endeavor to minimize the possibility of intrusion into the autonomy of study participants by all means. All participants were informed about the details of the study. Participation in the study was voluntary, and pupils could withdraw from the study without any consequences. The anonymity of participants was guaranteed. To ensure confidentiality, participants were provided with an encrypted code. Only researchers had access to research data.

17. e . Plan for Data Analysis The analysis of data will commence using thematic analysis. Braun & Clarke (2006) explained that thematic analysis is a method for identifying, analyzing, and reporting patterns or themes within data. It minimally organizes and describes a data set in rich detail. It follows the following procedure: familiarization with the data, coding, generating initial themes, reviewing themes, defining and naming themes, and writing-up.