Action research inn qualitative research

Action research

1. ACTION RESEARCH Presentation by Group 1

2. ACTION RESEARCH: Action research is a research method that aims to simultaneously investigate and solve an issue. In other words, as its name suggests, action research conducts research and takes action at the same time.

3. CYCLE OF ACTION OR A CYCLE OF INQUIRY:

4. General Theory on Action Research Theories Action Research theories are based on a cyclical and participatory process to solve problems and continuously improve practice. The main idea is that researchers don’t just analyze a situation—they actively take part in creating change.

5. Over time, different theorists have developed models that structure this process. While each theory has its own approach, they all share key principles: Cycle of Action and Reflection: Research is not linear but a repetitive process of planning, action, observation, and adjustment. Active Participation: Those involved in the problem also participate in the solution, making it a collaborative method. Continuous Improvement: The goal is to optimize practice based on experience and results.

6. Kurt Lewin’s Theory (1946) Considered the father of Action Research. Proposed a three-phase cycle: Unfreezing: Identifying the problem. Changing: Implementing actions. Refreezing: Evaluating and adjusting. Emphasizes active participation and social change. Elliott’s Theory (1991) Mainly applied in education. Views research as a flexible process where teachers experiment with their practice and improve it over time. Does not follow a rigid model but adapts steps according to the situation.

7. ACTION RESEARCH STAGES:

8. 1. THE PLANNING STAGE

9. 2. THE ACTING STAGE

10. 3. THE DEVELOPING STAGE

11. 4. THE REFLECTING STAGE

12. TOOLS Structured and unstructured interviews Life stories Autobiographies Anecdotes Diaries

13. CHARACTERISTICS Continuous cycle Active participation Collaborative approach Focus on improvement Critical reflection Flexible adaptation Practical application

14. THEORETICAL BASIS Action research is an approach for investigating questions and finding solutions to problems that people confront in their everyday lives (Moen and Solvberg 2012; Stringer 2014). Although most frequently associated with educational research, action research is practiced within a number of diverse disciplines (Mills 2014; Sagor 2011; Shanks, Miller and Rosendale 2012). The AR process itself has been characterized as a spiral or cycle of movements between action and research (Kemmis and McTaggart 1988; Burns 1999). As the researcher plans and undertakes actions to enhance the current situation, she also deliberately observes and documents what happens as a result of these actions. Often, the results of changes are unpredictable and reveal new or unexpected avenues for further action, which is then observed and documented further. Although more complex and extended descriptions of the steps in AR have been proposed (e.g., Burns 1999; Cohen, Manion, and Morrison 2000; Hopkins 1993; McNiff 1988)

15. THANK YOU