AGE SPECIFIC COMPETENCY TRAINING (2).pptx

AGE specific competency training is a content that provide information about different age groups, what are their different needs and how their need of care varies.

1. AGE-SPECIFIC COMPETENCY TRAINING FOR NURSES PRESENTED BY: DEPT. OF PEDIATRIC NURSING FACULTY OF NURSING ASSAM DOWN TOWN UNIVERSITY

2. What are Age-Specific Competencies? It is a skill which enable you to care for the patient, resident, or client at that individual’s stage of life. The purpose of Age-Specific Considerations in Patient Care is to provide healthcare professionals with information about different age groups, how to identify needs related to these age groups, and how to vary patient care issues with age specific needs in mind.

3. What are these Skills?

4. STAGES OF GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT Prenatal: Conception to birth Neonatal: Birth to 28 days Infancy: Birth to 1 year of age Toddler: 1 to 3 years Pre-schoolers: 3-6 years Schooler age: 6-12 years Adolescence: 12-19 years Young Adult: 21-39 years Middle adult: 40-64 years Older Adult: 65- 79 years Elderly: 80 years or above

5. HOW AGE MATTERS? Every individual differs from others according to: Safety Privacy Confidentiality Comfort Pain Management Choices & Control Involvement of family and/or significant others

6. How Will This Help Me? Enable you to care for each person at every stage of life. Each patient/resident/client will get individual care, and can be a partner in his/her own care. Your work satisfaction will be improved as you improve patient care relationships and teamwork.

7. S ome aspects of care that vary greatly with the age of the patient are: Performing physical assessment and interpreting the findings A dministrating medication Assessing and addressing nutritional status Involving the patient in care and decision making Providing instruction and education S electing medical equipment and supplies Assisting the patient to cope with hospitalization A ssessing risk for injury and using preventive measures

8. NEONATES & INFANT Fear of strangers (begins at 6-8 months of age) Communicate discomfort by crying, facial expressions, body movement Prefer to be held in familiar positions Like established routines Like verbal repetition

9. Understand simple commands, respond well to consistency Are fearless, choke easily, accident prone, require constant supervision Need to consistently have needs met to develop sense of trust (feeding, changing)

10. NEEDS Provide safe and thermo neutral environment to the baby. Provide nutrition in form of breastfeeding, on demand. Maintain hygiene of baby. Provide timely immunization Stimulation to play Provide love and nurture

11. CARE PRACTICE Talk to baby before touching Involve parents in procedure if possible Imitate how parent holds baby Explain procedure to parents beforehand Remove unnecessary equipment Keep infant clothed as much as possible Do not leave infant unattended Allow parent to hold infant while waiting Ask parents about immunization record

12. TODDLERS Views uncomfortable procedures as punishment Needs security objects Curious, unaware of danger Comprehension greater than ability to verbalize Short attention span Frequently says “NO” trying to demonstrating independence Can be cooperative if trust is won

13. NEEDS

14. CARE PRACTICE Reassure that treatment is not a punishment Simple explanations Give one direction at time Demonstrate equipment Speak at eye level, maintain eye contact Remove unnecessary equipment Use distraction techniques Involve parents, allow to be present during procedures

15. PRE-SCHOOLERS By age 5, speaks in 8 word sentences Increased speech skills, attention span and memory Truth important Fear bodily injury, separation, death, punishment Difficulty expressing needs Privacy important Accident prone

16. NEEDS Emotional and social needs like love and affection, friendships etc. Love and Security Guidance Dependence progressing to independence Sense of initiative are making strides in becoming independent in self-care activities

17. CARE PRACTICE Use simple explanation Adapts to changes in environment more easily than toddler Be truthful about pain, discomfort Encourage questions regarding fears Include parents in teaching Plan procedure to minimize waiting time

18. SCHOOL-AGE Developing greater sense of self Start to negotiate for independence Need to fit in with peers Rules very important Need respect for privacy Fear mutilation, loss of control

19. NEEDS Nutrition Play Rest and sleep Dental & personal hygiene Safety and prevention of accidents Prevention from sexual abuse & drug abuse

20. CARE PRACTICE Allow child to exercise some control Allow to handle equipment as learning tool (as appropriate) Respect privacy Include parent in teaching Reassure child it is okay to cry Guide in making choices that are healthy and safe

21. ADOLESCENTS Transition stage (developing identity) & stress filled Continually striving for independence and control Appreciate being treated as adults Self-conscious about appearance (body image) Need respect of privacy Risk takers, strong sense of immortality Rapid growth, awkwardness on gross motor skills, development of occupational identity

22. NEEDS Self care Balanced diet Eating habits Personal hygiene Accident prevention Prevention of sexual abuse

23. CARE PRACTICE Encourage questions Treat more as adult, avoid authoritarian approach Allow maintenance of control Talk directly to them, not through parents, and offer explanations Maintain privacy Establish trust to gain cooperation

24. YOUNG ADULT Sets career goals, chooses lifestyle May start own family, building connections Developing responsible attitude Need to establish healthy lifestyle Nutrition needed for maintenance not growth Mental abilities peak during 20s

25. CARE PRACTICE Respect personal values, be honest & supportive Consider significant others, impact on job Encourage to pursue healthy lifestyle Teach & encourage testicular & breast self-exam Maintain privacy Encourage creating advance directive

26. MIDDLE ADULT May develop chronic health problems Decrease in bone and muscle mass, short term memory, loss of skeletal height and calcium, skin elasticity, dry skin, wrinkles Women experience menopause Use life experiences to learn, solve problems Future oriented, has specific goals

27. CARE PRACTICE Encourage regular check-ups & preventative exams Assist person to recognize risk factors related to health Focus on their strengths Address worries about children & aging parents Treat with respect Provide explanations and educate

28. OLDER ADULT Continue to be active learner/thinker Takes on new roles, balances independence vs. dependence Most elderly are not depressed May become isolated Some decline in physical abilities, senses, memory skills (short term memory, attention span shortens)

29. CARE PRACTICE Promote mobility & ADL (activities of daily living) Consider needs related to diminished sight, hearing (may need to read information to patient, face person when talking to them) Allow reminiscing about the past Promote physical, mental, social activities to prevent isolation Allow more time for processing new information Educate about safety measures

30. ELDERLY Decline in physical ability, increased risk for chronic illness Decline in memory & learning skills May need assistance in ADL May have diminished appetite, fluid intake

31. CARE PRACTICE Encourage as much mobility & ADL as possible Encourage healthy eating & adequate fluid intake, monitor bowel function Avoid treating older adult like a child Respect & support end of life decisions

32. CONCLUSION As we all know that every individual is different and unique hence their needs for care also varies. Age specific competency care is an essential part of patient care in hospitals as it gives information about different age group, their needs and practice implications for patients of different age groups which leads to maximum patient satisfaction ultimately leading to improved quality of care in health institutions. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the nurses to be competent to give specific care to patients according to their needs.