Ahmed Samy ElMongy - Seminar - Ahmed ElMongy.pptx

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1. A Political Discourse Analysis of Politeness in Biden’s Speeches on Russia-Ukraine and Gaza-Israel Wars Ahmed Samy Hussien ElMongy M.A Thesis in Linguistics Presented to the English Department Mansoura University

2. (Short Bio about the Candidate) Ahmed Samy ElMongy, an English Instructor at Misr University for Science and Technology, Associate Editor for MUST Journal for Humanities, a member of MUST Center for Editing Arabic Heritage, and a freelancing translator with an interest in linguistics and political speeches.

3. An Introduction Political discourse is crucial in politics because it uses language as a necessary means of transmitting political ideas and carrying out political action. The presidential election was held in the US in 2020 to choose the next president to lead the nation. It gave the candidate for president an opportunity to lay out his goals, plans, and opinions on the issues facing the nation. It also gave him the ability to make statements that could affect his standing as a strong leader of his people. Being polite demonstrates how effectively someone complies with prevailing cultural norms. In aggressive action, every complement serves a specific communication purpose. Understanding the role of speech can aid in deciphering the meaning and intention of an utterance, whether it be an explanation, hypothesis, guess, or refutation.

4. Research Question The use of language in discussion is embedded in practical principles such as the speech act and the principle of politeness. Therefore, this research has some questions as follows : 1. What are the types of politeness strategies used in Joe Biden's speeches from 2020 to 2024? 2. What are the types of politeness strategies used in Joe Biden's speech about the Ukrainian-Russian crisis? 3. What are the types of politeness strategies used in Joe Biden's speech about the Israeli attack on Palestine?

5. Purpose of Study/ Research Objectives The purpose of this study lies in paying attention to an important linguistic phenomenon, which is being polite with the negative connotations, and connotations that some words carry and trying to be polite in expressing these meanings and concepts. and the objective is to identify the types of politeness strategies used in Joe Biden's speeches from 2020 to 2024. Regarding the speeches about the Ukrainian-Russian crisis, and the Israeli attack on Palestine

6. Methodology (The Researcher’s Approach) For this research, a descriptive qualitative method will be used (Miles & Huberman, 2014). The data will be several videos about Joe Biden’s speeches. to answer the research questions and obtain the research objectives, it will focus on Biden’s speeches about the Ukrainian-Russian crisis and the Israeli attack on Palestine. To collect data, the following steps will be followed: Watch videos of Joe Biden’s address on CNN’s official YouTube account. Check out videos with transcripts on the White House’s official website. - Classify the utterances with mandatory verbs using Searle’s (1976) classification of illocutionary speech acts. The collected data will be analyzed using the following processes: - Identifying the type of intransitive verb in utterances using Searle and Vanderveken ‘s (1985) criteria. - Identifying politeness strategies in compound words using Brown and Levinson’s (1987) politeness theory. - According to Brown and Levinson (1987), words will be classified into four types. (Positive Politeness; negative Politeness; Bald on Record and Off-Record Strategies).

7. The Theoretical Framework of the Researcher’s Study Theory of Politeness Yule (1996) asserts that the speaker expresses his wishes in a unique style that is uncommon in ordinary language by using politeness. Leech (1983) stated that the general politeness principle might be expressed as follows: minimize the statement of thoughts that are impolite and maximize the expression of beliefs that are polite. Politeness Strategy in Political Speech According to ( Ardianto & Setiawan, 2016) quoted According to Lakoff (1972), being polite is about acting with the appropriate attitude at the right times to prevent misunderstandings in a broad society. On the other hand, politeness is a fundamental concept in language use and consideration for other people's sentiments, according to Wardo (2006). Positive Politeness Strategy Negative Politeness Strategy Bald on Record Strategy Off-Record Strategy

8. Chapterization 1. Introduction It will explain the study problem, study questions, aim and objectives, methodology, and study structure. The thesis will be divided into two main parts as follows: 2. Literature Review It will be divided into two chapters; the first chapter will deal with the speech and political speech in detail. The second chapter will be the theoretical framework for politeness strategies. 3. Study methodology and data analysis It will be divided into three chapters: - Chapter three will deal with the study methodology and approach. - Chapter four will represent a detailed analysis of the politeness strategies in Joe Biden's speeches focusing on Biden's speech about the Ukrainian-Russian crisis and speech about the Israeli attack on Palestine, and providing an interpretation and discussion of the results as they relate to the objectives of the study. - Chapter five will present the study conclusion and further suggestions

9. Expected Results Or Conclusion (Optional) This study investigates what types of politeness strategies from Joe Biden's speech during his presidential period from 2020 to 2024. The study analyses Joe Biden's speech about the Ukrainian-Russian crisis and the Israeli attack on Palestine. The researcher found that Joe Biden used a politeness strategy such as positive politeness strategy, negative politeness strategy, bald on-record politeness strategy, and off-record politeness strategy.

10. The Availability of Sources(Examples on Primary Sources & Secondary Sources) The researcher will rely on the videos on the CNN Channel YouTube as CNN (Cable News Network) channel on youtube.com is an American official channel. https://www.youtube.com/@CNN/videos