Antiseptic & Disinfectants. pptx

Antiseptic & Disinfectants.pptx

1. Topic- Antiseptic & Disinfectants Presented by Hariom Jaiswal Asst. Pro. D.PH 1 st Year Pharmacognosy Rajiv Gandhi College of Pharmacy Nautanwa Maharajganj UP 273164

2. INTRODUTION OF ANTISEPTIC & DISINFECTANTS Antiseptics and disinfectants are chemical substances used to control or kill microorganisms and prevent infection or contamination. Both play an important role in maintaining hygiene and preventing the spread of diseases. Antiseptics: Antiseptics are chemical agents that are applied to living tissues (like skin, wounds, or mucous membranes) to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms. Disinfectants: Disinfectants are chemical agents used to kill microorganisms on non-living surfaces such as floors, instruments, and walls.

3. 1. BENZOIN Synonyms:  Gum Benjamin, Benjamin, Siam Benzoin, Sumatra Benzoin. Biological Source:  Benzoin is a balsamic resin obtained from the incised stem of: Styrax tonkinensis  & Styrax benzoin   Family: Styracaceae . PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: Color :  Siam Benzoin is yellowish-brown and Sumatra Benzoin is reddish-brown or greyish-brown. Odor:  aromatic Taste:  Aromatic

4. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Siam Benzoin:  Mainly contains coniferyl benzoate (60-70%), benzoic acid (10-12%), and vanillin. Sumatra Benzoin:  Mainly contains cinnamic acid (10%) and benzoic acid (6%) , along with phenylpropyl cinnamate. THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY: Antiseptic and Disinfectant:  Used in topical preparations (e.g., tincture of benzoin) for skin ulcers and wounds. Expectorant:  Helps loosen phlegm in the respiratory tract. Protective:  Tincture of Benzoin Compound is applied to protect the skin from bedsores and as an adhesive for bandages. Perfumery and Flavouring:  Used as a fixative in perfumes and for its vanilla-like scent.

5. 2. MYRRH Synonyms:  Gum Myrrh, Bol, Bola. Biological Source:  Myrrh is an oleo-gum-resin obtained from the stem of  Commiphora molmol . ( कॉमिफ़ोरा मोलमोल )   and other related species of  Commiphora. ( कॉमिफ़ोरा ) Family: Burseraceae.( बरसेरेसी ) Physical Properties: Form:  Rounded or irregular tears of a granular substance. Color :  Reddish-brown or reddish-yellow. Odor:  Agreeably aromatic. Taste:  Aromatic, bitter, and acrid.

6. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Volatile Oil (2-10%) Resin (25-40%) Gum (30-60%) THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY: Antiseptic and Antimicrobial:  Used in mouthwashes and gargles for gingivitis, mouth ulcers, and sore throats. Anti-inflammatory:  Used topically for minor skin inflammations and wounds. Carminative and Stimulant:  Traditionally used to aid digestion and relieve flatulence.

7. 3. NEEM Synonyms:  Indian Lilac, Margosa Tree, Nimba, Nimiya Biological Source:  It consists of the dried leaves, bark, and seed oil of  Azadirachta indica  A. Juss. ( अज़ादिराक्टा इंडिका ए. जूस। ) Family: Meliaceae . ( मेलियासी. ) PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: Color : Green and Yellowish green Odour: Bitter Taste: Bitter

8. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Triterpenoids (Limonoids):  The most important group, including  Azadirachtin  (a powerful insect antifeedant), Nimbin , Nimbidin , and Nimbinol . Flavonoids:  Such as quercetin. Fatty Acids:  The oil contains oleic, stearic, and palmitic acids. THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY: Antiseptic & Antimicrobial:  Used in soaps, creams, and lotions for acne, eczema, and skin infections. Insecticidal & Antifeedant:  .Neem oil is used in agriculture and pest control. Antifungal:  Effective against various fungi, including those causing athlete's foot. Antiviral & Antimalarial:  Shown to have activity against viruses and the malaria parasite in studies. Dental Care:  Neem twigs are used as chewing sticks for oral hygiene.

9. 4. TURMERIC Synonyms:  Indian Saffron, Curcuma, Haldi, Hardi. Biological Source:  It is the dried rhizome of  Curcuma longa  L. Family: Zingiberaceae . ( ज़िंगिबेरासी। ) PHYSICAL PROPERTIES: Color :  Bright yellow to yellowish-brown externally and deep orange-yellow internally. Odor:  Characteristic, aromatic. Taste:  Warm, slightly bitter, and peppery.

10. CHEMICAL CONSTITUENTS: Curcuminoids (3-5%):  The primary active compounds, consisting mainly of  Curcumin   Volatile Oil (3-7%):  Contains turmerone, zingiberene, and p-cymene, THERAPEUTIC EFFICACY: Potent Anti-inflammatory:  Curcumin is a well-studied natural anti-inflammatory agent, used for arthritis and other inflammatory conditions. Antioxidant:  Neutralizes free radicals, protecting the body from oxidative damage. Antimicrobial:  Effective against various bacteria, viruses, and fungi. Wound Healing:  Promotes tissue repair and is used topically for cuts and burns. Digestive Aid:  Stimulates bile production, aiding in fat digestion. Culinary Use:  A vital spice and coloring agent in many cuisines, especially Indian.