anxiety disorders ,dissociative disorder

a ppt for mental health nursing

1. DISSOCIATIVE DISORDER

2. DEFINITION Dissociation is a mental process where a person disconnects from their thoughts, feelings, memories or sense of identity. Dissociative disorders include dissociative amnesia, dissociative fugue, depersonalisation disorder and dissociative identity disorder .

3. FEATURES disturbance in the normal integrated functions of consciousness,identity and or memory the disturbance is usually temporary,recovery is often abrupt These disorders tend to occur in response to severe trauma or abuse

4. 1. Dissociative Amnesia Dissociative amnesia is when a person can’t remember the details of a traumatic or stressful event, although they do realise they are experiencing memory loss. This is also known as psychogenic amnesia. This type of amnesia can last from a few days to one or more years. Dissociative amnesia may be linked to other disorders such as an anxiety disorder.

5. Dissociative Fugue psychogenic fuge is a sudden ,unexpected travel away from home or work place with the assumption of new identity and an inability to recall the past,The onset is sudden often in the presence of severe stress.Following recovery there is no recollection of events that took place during the fuge

6. Multiple personality disorder the person is dominated by two or more personalities of which only one is manifest at a time.Usually one personality is not aware of the existance of the other personalities each personality has a full range of higher mental functions and performs complex behaviour pattern

7. Trance and possession disorder it is characterised by temporary loss of both the sence of personal identity and full awareness of persons surroundings

8. The focus of attention is narrowed to a few aspest of the immediate environment and there is often a limited but repeated set of movements postures and utterance

9. Gansers syndrome commonly found in prison inmates the characteristic feature is giving approximate answers to question

10. CAUSES Most mental health professionals believe that the underlying cause of dissociative disorders is chronic trauma in childhood. Examples of trauma included repeated physical or sexual abuse, emotional abuse or neglect. It seems that the severity of the dissociative disorder in adulthood is directly related to the severity of the childhood trauma. Traumatic events that occur during adulthood may also cause dissociative disorders. Such events may include war, torture or going through a natural disaster.

11. DIAGNOSIS rule out physical disorders and substance abuse dissociative experiences scale dissociative disorders interview ICD 10 criteria

12. TREATMENT

13. NURSING MANAGEMENT

14. nursing diagnosis Altered thought process related to memory loss and repressed trauma In effective individual coping related to repressed memories,lossof identity

15. CONCLUSION Dissociative disorders (DD) are conditions that involve disruptions or breakdowns of memory, awareness, identity, or perception. People with dissociative disorders use dissociation as a defense mechanism, pathologically and involuntarily.

16. COVERSION DISORDER Conversion disorder is characterised by the presence of one or more symptomes suggesting the presence of neurologic disorder that cannot be explained by any known neurological or medical disorder instead psychological factors like stress and conflicts are associated with onset of symptomes

17. features the symptomes are produced because they reduce the anxiety of the patient by keeping the psychological conflict out of conscious awareness -primary gain secondary gain-a women who develops psychogenic paralysis of the arm may escape from looking after an elderly relative patient does njot produce any symptomes intentially lack of concern about hr symptomes-labelle indifference impaire functioning in social work related areas

18. dissociative motor disorder it is characterised by motor disturbance like paralysis or abnormal movements .paralysis may be monoplegia,paraplegia or quadriplegia.the abnormal movement may be tremors or gait disturbances which increases when attention is directed towards them

19. dissociative convulsions(pseudo seizures) it is characterised by convulsive movements and partial loss of consciousness.

20. dissociative sensory losss and aneshesia it is characterised by sensory disturbance like blindness,deafness and glove and stocking anesthesia(absence of sensation at wrist and ankles