approaches of social work pratice

define the system and integrated approach

1. CENTRAL UNIVERSITY OF RAJASTHAN DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK APPROACHES OF SOCIAL WORK PRATICE NAME OF STUDENT : NIKITA COURSE NAME : FUNDAMENTAL OF PROFESSIONAL SOCIAL WORK COURSE CODE: MSW401

2. INTRODUCTION System approach is a collection of interrelated parts acting together to accomplish a set of objectives and a goal which exist in the environment. LUDWIG VON BERTALANFFY is called the father of the system approach and according to him “ in order to understand to organized whole, we must know both the parts as well as the relation between them” The ides to develop an integrated approach was put forth in the 1970s and 1980s authors like PINCUS AND MINAHAN(1973) (YESUDHAS,2015). In India integrated approach or model of social work of practice introduces as a course at college of social work , Nirmala Niketan , Mumbai. The course was named integrated social work practice (ISWP) (Yesudhas ,2015). Integrated approach gives the flexibility to the social worker to work all these system and use different theories and methods to assess, understand and inference . Integrated social work thus follows a holistic approach in dealing with the problems the client system is confronted.

3. SYSTEM APPROACHE A System approach is set of interrelated and inter dependent part arranged in a manner that produces a unified whole. For Example: The human body is a system with all the organs , muscles, bones and conscious that like all of its part. Tree is a system with all the roots, branches, leaf, fruits that like all of its part . In a company a group of division people working for a common goal or success . So this system for mainly approach to the management.

4. CHARACTERISTICS OF SYSTEMS APPROACH Systems, Subsystems and Supersystem : Systems : An organized or complex whole ; an assemblage or combination of things or parts forming a complex unitary whole. Subsystems : a system is basically a combination of parts. Each parts may have various sub parts. Supersystems : An organisation is a system of mutually dependent parts, each of which may include many subsystem. Like : TREE

5. TREE System : Creating a tree by combing the tree parts is called a system . Subsystem : part of tree Supersystem : system+ subsystems (environment) Like: neighbourhood SUBSYSTEM

6. SYSTEM IN THE CHANGE PROGESS Focus On Connections Of Families And Groups ,Their Resources, and Their Effective Function . Social Work Preserves Social Order Rather Than Promote Radical Change (Payne ,2002) Action System : All Of The People With Whom The Change Agent System Works To Achieves The Change Efforts . Change Agent : Social Worker , Agency , Formal /Informal Resources Target System : Individuals , Groups ,Communities Whom The Change Agents System And Client System Is Trying To Change . Client System : Individuals , Groups , Communities Who Seek Help.

7. SOME BASIC ASSUMPTION A social system is made up of individuals , interrelated to constitute a whole . The limit of a social system are defined by established or arbitrary boundaries. Boundaries gives a social systems its focus and identity as distinct from other social system with which it interacts. A System Environment Is By Definition Outsides The System Boundaries. All System Are Sub System Of Larger System . Change from within or outside a Social System that moves the system to an Imbalanced State Will Result In an attempt by the System to establish That Balances (Homeostasis)

8. INTEGRATED APPROACH The terms ‘integration ‘ and ‘eclecticism ‘are often used interchangeably ,they are very approach in their approach . An approach is said to be eclectic when the practitioners selectively uses techniques from various approaches which they feel are apt for the problem being dealt with (Hollanders ,2007) Integrated approach is a combination of different approaches joined together to form a unitary approach. A change in one system has the potential to produce change in all the system with which it interacts .

9. Integrated approach is primarily based on the system theory which assumes that system are in interaction with each other . These system influences and get influenced by each other . A change in one system has the potential to produce change in all the system with which it interacts. This indicates that there are several methods through which changes can be effected. Change cannot be effected through one unique methods . This a approach advocates the integration of different social work methods to address problem and bring desired change

10. Example: A person with a distress related to financial status is referred to social worker for intervention. A clinical social worker would suggest clinical intervention , while another would look for mobilise resources and offer practical help , while yet another would want to work the community in order to bring in changes at the macro level to provide a comfortable living for persons such as these.