APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY

APPROACHES TO PERSONALITY
TYPE APPROACH

1. APPROCHES TO
PERSONALITY:TYPE APPROACH
NAME:MAHIMASRIVASTAVA
CLASS:B.Ed.
SUBJECT :PHYCHOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE OF
EDUCATION

2. PERSONALITY
➢The word PERSONALITY Meanshas its origin in the Greek
verb Personare
➢The term personality has been derived from Latin word 'persona'
which means a mask
Accordingto Cattell :
➢Personalityas that which permits a prediction of what a person
do in a given situation.

3. APPROACHES
TO
PERSONALITY
TYPE APPROACH
TRAIT APPROACH
TRAIT CUM TYPE APPROACH
HUMANISTIC APPROACH
•LEARNING APPROACH
PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH

4. TYPE
THEORIES
ANCIENT INDIAN TYPOLOGY
HIPPOCRATE 'S TYPOLOGY
ERNT KRETSCHMER 'S TYPPOLOGY
WILLIAM SHELDON'S TYPOLOGY
CARL JUNG' S TYPOLOGY
HOLLAND TYPOLOGY

5. Ancient Indians (Ayurvedic)Classification
•In Indiathe ancient system of AYURVEDAClassified the individuals based on
presence of combination of elements of nature.
•Ayurvedaadvocate thatthe entire universeis madeup of5elements;
•Air
•Fire
•Water
•Earth
•Ether

6. Human body contains these elements as its
constituents.
Some are loaded with the combination
of air and ether, some with air and
water etc.

8. Hippocrates Classification
This approach was followed by Greek physicians likeHippocrates,
one of the disciples of great philosopherARISTOTLE.
According to him, the humanbody consistsof 4typesof fluids
•Blood
•Yellowbile
•Phlegm
•Black bile

9. •The predominance of one of these 4 types of fluid in one's
body give him unique temperamental characteristics leading
in a particular type of personality.

10. ...
Dominance of fluid
type in the body
Personality typeTemperamental characteristics
Blood Sanguine Light hearted, optimistic
Yellow bile Choleric Irritable, angry but passionate
Phlegm Phlegmatic Calm, sluggish
Black bile Melancholic Pessimistic, bad tempered ,self
motivated

11. Ernest Kretschmer's Classification
•German psychologist Kretschmer has attempted to corelate
physique &character of human beings
•From his studied on mental patient he found that certain
body types are associated with particular type of mental
disorders
•He has classified personalities into3types
•Pyknic, Athlete, Leptosomic

12. Kretschmer sClassification ofPersonality
Types
Personality types Personality characteristics
Sociable , jolly , easy going
Energetic , optimistic , adjustable
Reserved , shy, sensitive
pyknic
Athletic
Leptosomatic

13. William Sheldon 's Classification
Sheldon on basis of physical constitution categorised
personality into somatotype.
These3 types are-
▪Endomorphic
▪Mesomorphic
▪Ectomorphic

14. ….
Personality
types
Somatic Personality
characteristics
Temperament
EndomorphicHighly developed
viscera but weak
somatic structure
Easy going,
gluttonous,
affable &
affectionate
Viscerotonia
MesomorphicBalanced
development of
viscera & somatic
structure
Adventures
loving ,craving
for muscular
activity
Somatotonia
EctomorphicWeak somatic
structure & under
developed viscera
Reserved ,loner
tendencies ,with
desire to conceal
feelings
Cerabrotonia

15. Carl Jung 'sTheory
Jung postulated personality theory based on
psychological characteristics
He divided people into 2 broad types
•Extrovert
•Introvert

16. Holland's Typology
Hollands is the latest type theory put forth for
explanation of personality according to him
personality is combination of interest, values and
competencies.

17. Classification ofHolland 's Typology
He classified people into 6 types
Realistic type
Investigating type
Artistic type
Social type
Conventional type
Enterprising type

18. Conclusion
The first & foremost assumption underlying
the type theories is that all person can be
categorised in one or other type.
But whenwe looktherealitywe findit is not
so.
Typetheories explainthe structure of
personalitybutfail to
explainthedevelopmentof personality.